GILLRAVAGE

Gift causa mortis. A gift of personal property, made by one in expectation of death then imminent, and upon an essential condition that the property shall belong fully to the donee in case the donor dies, leaving the donee surviving and the gift unrevoked. See 99 Am. St. Rep. 891, note. Gift enterprise. "A business, as the selling of books or works of art, the publication of a newspaper, etc., in which presents are given to purchasers as an inducement." Cent. Dict. See 74 Md. 565, 28 Am. St. Rep. 268, 12 L. R. A. 425, 22 Atl. 4.

Gift inter vivos. A voluntary gift bestowed upon one living person by another. See 43 Tex. 340.

Gift of bastardy. (Scotch) The crown's gift of property of a bastard dying intestate and without heirs.

Gift to a class. A gift of an aggregate sum to a body of persons, uncertain in number at the time of the gift, to be ascertained at a future time, and who are to take in equal or in some other definite proportions, the share of each being dependent for its amount on the ultimate number of persons. See 200 N. Y. 189, 21 Ann. Cas. 412, 34 L. R. A. (N. S.) 945, 93 N. E. 484.

Gild. Same as Geld; also one of the many English mutual benefit societies.

Gild hall. The meeting place of a gild.

Gilda mercatoria. A mercantile company or corporation. Gildable. Same as Geldable.

Gild-ale. A feast; a drinking bout. Gildo. Members of a gild. Gillravage. Same as Gilravage.

Glebae ascriptitii. Villeins in socage tenure who were regarded as fixtures while they performed services due.

Glebe. Tillable church lands.
Gloss.

A translation; an explanation; an interpretation. Glossa. A gloss.

Glossa viperina est quae corrodit viscera textus. It is a poisonous gloss which corrupts the essence of the text.

Glossator. A translator; a commentator.

Gloucester, Statute of. See Statute of Gloucester.

Glove contest. A boxing or sparring exhibition, as distinguished from a prize-fight. See 46 La. Ann. 935, 24 L. R. A. 452, 15 South.

190. Glove-money. Money given by the sheriff to certain court officers when there were no offenders left for execution.

Glove-silver. Same as Glove-money. Glyn. A glen; a ravine.

Go hence without day. To be discharged. See 40 Neb. 178, 58 N. W. 700.

Going concern. A corporation which is still prosecuting its business with the prospect of continuing to do so, even though its assets are insufficient to pay its debts. See 99 Ala. 68, 42 Am. St. Rep. 29, 23 L. R. A. 618, 11 South. 350. Going to the country. Reaching an issue of fact in pleading. Going witness. A witness who is about to leave the jurisdiction. Gold certificates. Certificates issued by the United States to circulate as money and secured by gold in the treasury.

Goldsmith's notes. Notes of a bank or banker.

Good abearing. Good behavior. Good and lawful men. Jurymen with the qualifications required by law. See 59 Ind. 510.

Good and sufficient deed. A valid deed, but not referring to the validity of the title. See 32 Mass. 546, 26 Am. Dec. 620.

Good behavior. Good official conduct. See 79 Ky. 42, 42 Am. Rep. 204.

Good consideration. Natural love and affection; any valid consideration other than a valuable one. Good faith. Honest, lawful intent; the condition of acting without knowledge of fraud and without intent to assist in a fraudulent, or otherwise unlawful, scheme. See 156 Ill. 342, 40 N. E. 974.

GOOD

Good parliament. The reform parliament of 1376.

Good title. A

marketable title which can be sold to a reasonable purchaser, or mortgaged to one of reasonable prudence as security for the loan of money. See 115 N. Y. 586, 12 Am. St. Rep. 844, 5 L. R. A. 654, 22 N. E. 233. Goodwill. The chance or proba

bility that custom will be had at a certain place of business in consequence of the way that business has been previously carried on. See 44 La. Ann. 264, 32 Am. St. Rep. 336, 15 L. R. A. 462, 10 South. 616.

Goods. Personal property. See 1 Am. Dec. 294, note.

Goods and chattels. The term includes all personal property in possession. See 9 Baxt. (Tenn.) 53, 40 Am. Rep. 81.

Goods bargained and sold. One of the common counts. See Common Counts.

Goods sold and delivered. One of the common counts. See Common Counts.

Gote.
A gutter; a drain.
Government.

Management; control. See 119 Mo. 41, 41 Am. St. Rep. 630, 24 S. W. 770. The public political authority which guides and directs the body politic, or society of men called the "state," united together to promote their safety and advantage by means of their union. See 42 Miss. 651, 2 Am. Rep. 625.

Grace. See Days of grace.
Gradatim. Gradually.

Gradus. Grade; status; relationship. Gradus parentelae. A genealogy; a family tree.

GRAND

Graft. A dishonest transaction in relation to public or official acts. See 55 Wash. 69, 133 Am. St. Rep. 1016, 19 Ann. Cas. 1077, 104 Pac. 181. Also, the improvement of

a mortgagee's title by the mortgagor's subsequently acquired title. See 9 Mass. 34, 6 Am. Dec.

22.

Grain. Corn; cereal plants.

Grainage. A duty on salt imported by aliens.

Grammatica falsa non vitiat chartam.
Bad grammar does not vitiate a
deed.
Granatarius.

The manager of a

granary. Grand assize. A substitute for trial by battel before a jury of sixteen men. See 3 Bl. Comm. 341.

Grand bill of sale. One transferring title to a ship while she was at

sea.

Grand cape. See Cape magnum. Grand days. English court holidays. Grand distress. A writ issued in an action of quare impedit, after the defendant's default, to distrain all of his property in the county to force his appearance. Grand jury. A body of men, the number of whom varies in different jurisdictions, chosen by lot and sworn to inquire into crimes within the jurisdiction of the county. See 65 How. Pr. (N. Y.) 365.

Grand larceny. A larceny of goods

of greater value than twelve pence, at common law (see 13 Wash. 584, 43 Pac. 881); but statutes of many states fix the value at $50, and some include in the offense aggravated larceny and larceny of certain named chattels. Grand serjeanty. A tenure in capite like knight service but did not

GRANGE

include attendance on the king or escuage. See 2 Bl. Comm. 73. Grange. A farm with all its barns, stables and other buildings.

Grangiarius. grange. Grant. A conveyance; an admission of truth; a conveyance by deed, especially by the government. See 50 La. Ann. 880, 24 South. 666. Grant to uses. A grant of land to one for the use or benefit of another. Grantee. made. Grantor. One who makes a grant. Grantz. Noblemen.

The steward of 8

One to whom a grant is

GRESSAME

Gravis. Great; grievous. Gravius. Same as Graf. Gravius est divinam quam temporalem laedere majestatem. It is more serious to injure divine than temporal majesty.

Gray's Inn. One of the inns of court at London.

Great body of laws. A code of stat-
utes adopted in the Province of
Pennsylvania in 1862. See 1-2
Serg: & R. (Pa.) 220.

Great cattle. Grown cattle.
Great charter. Same as Magna
Charta.
Great fee.
Great law.

Great seal.

One held of the king.

See Great body of laws.

A seal of state; the seal of Great Britain, of which the Lord High Chancellor is the custodian. Great tithes. Tithes of corn, hay, wood or grain. Greave. A grove. Gree. Satisfaction for

an injury;

GUARDIAN

which a writ of execution was issued in the second county. Ground-rent. Rent on land leased for building; also, same as Feefarm Rent. See 115 Md. 689, Ann. Cas. 1913A, 919, 81 Atl. 793. Groundage. A fee charged for keeping a ship in port.

Growth half-penny. A tax on nonproductive cattle.

Gruarii. Chief forest officers. Guadalupe Hidalgo Treaty. The treaty concluding peace between Mexico and the United States. See 18 How. (U. S.) 235, 15 L. Ed. 365.

Guadia. A pledge.

Guarantee. A guaranty; one to whom it is made.

Guaranteed dividends. Dividends to which a preferred stockholder is entitled when there are profits to pay them. See 31 Mich. 76, 18 Am. Rep. 156. Guarantor. anty. Guaranty. A promise to answer for the payment of some debt, or the performance of some duty in case of the failure of another person, who is in the first instance liable. See 12 Smedes & M. (Miss.) 595, 51 Am. Dec. 124. Guaranty insurance. Insurance guaranteeing the fidelity of offi cers and the performance of contracts. See 174 Ill. 310, 44 L. R. A. 124, 51 N. E. 246. Guardage. Wardship. Guardia. A ward.

The maker of a guar

Guardian. One appointed by a court to take charge of a person, his property or both. See 67 Iowa, 460, 23 N. W. 746, 25 N. W. 735. Guardian ad litem. A guardian appointed to represent one in litigation during the pendency thereof. See 107 Wis. 404, 83 N. W. 694.