Concussio. Extortion. Concussion. Extortion; compulsion by threats and without force. Condemn. To adjudge guilty; to pass sentence upon; to adjudge unfit for use; to take private property for public use. Condemnation. Passing sentence upon one convicted; to adjudge as unfit for use, as a ship or a building; the taking of private property for public use. See 101 Cal. 15, 40 Am. St. Rep. 17, 35 Pac. 353.

Condere. To make; to establish. Condescendence. (Scotch) A plaintiff's written statement of his cause of action.

Condictio. An action; a summons. Conditio. A condition.

Conditio beneficialis, quae statum construit, benigne, secundum verborum intentionem est interpretanda; odiosa autem, quae statum destruit, stricte, secundum verborum proprietatem, accipienda.

CONDITION

A beneficial condition which creates an estate, ought to be interpreted favorably, according to the intent of the language; but an odious condition which destroys an estate, should be construed strictly according to the letter. Conditio dicitur, cum quid in casum incertum qui potest tendere ad esse aut non esse, confertur. It is called a condition when something is given on an uncertain event which may or may not

happen.

Conditio illicita habetur pro non adjicta. An unlawful condition is held not to be binding.

Conditio praecedens adimpleri debet priusquam, sequatur effectus. A condition precedent is to be fulfilled before the effect can follow. Conditio sine qua non. An indispensable condition. Condition. A restriction; a circumstance as distinguished from a See 29 Fla. 590, 10 South.

cause. 590. Condition inherent. A condition not newly imposed but previously existing.

Condition meritorious. Where the event upon which the obligation becomes payable is in the power of the obligee. See 2 Southard (5 N. J. L.), 756.

Condition precedent. Such as must happen or be performed before either contracting party is bound. See 96 U. S. 24, 24 L. Ed. 644. Condition resolutory. Same as Condition subsequent.

Condition subsequent. One which follows the principal act or obligation, often as a defeasance. See 34 N. J. L. 496, 3 Am. Rep. 256. Condition suspensive. Same as Con dition precedent.

CONDITIONAL

Conditional acceptance. A qualified acceptance of a bill of exchange whereby the drawee assents to liability on the happening of a contingency.

Conditional fee. A fee limited to

descend to a particular class of heirs. See 2 Bl. Comm. 110. Conditional limitation. The limitation of the duration of an estate by the happening of a contin gency. See 2 Bl. Comm. 155. Conditional obligation. One depending upon the existence of a condition.

Conditional pardon. A pardon ineffective until a condition has been performed. See 1 Nev. 319. Conditional sale. One wherein title does not vest in the vendee until full payment or the performance of some other condition; one conditioned for repurchase by the vendor. See 1 Pa. St. 190, 44 Am. Dec. 121.

Conditional stipulation. A stipula

tion dependent upon a condition. Conditionem testium tunc inspicere debemus cum signarent, non mortis tempore. We ought to consider the condition of witnesses as of the time when they signed, not at the time of the testator's death. Conditiones quaelibet odiosae; max

ime autem contra matrimonium et commercium. Any conditions are odious; especially those against marriage and commerce. Conditions of sale. The terms and conditions of an auction sale. Condominium. Joint ownership. Condonacion. (Spanish) Forgiveness of a debt.

Condonation. Forgiveness.
Conductio. A hiring.

Conduct-money. A witness' reimbursement for expenses.

Confessio facta in judicio omni probatione major est. A confession made in court is greater than all proof.

Confession. The voluntary declaration of a person who has committed crime, to another, of his participation therein. See 6 Am. St. Rep. 242, note.

Confession and avoidance. Used of a plea which admits but alleges facts which justify, excuse or obviate the admission. See 9 Minn. 194, 86 Am. Dec. 93. Confession of judgment. A formal acknowledgment of an obligation or indebtedness before a court, upon which a judgment may be entered against the maker. See 53 Barb. (N. Y.) 615.

Confessor. A priest who hears confessions.

Confessus in judicio pro judicato habetur et quodammodo sua sententia damnatur. One who confesses in court is held to have been adjudged and in a manner is condemned by his own sentence. Confidence

game. Any swindling operation in which advantage is taken of confidence reposed by the victim in the swindler. See Ann. Cas. 1912A, 758, note.

CONFIDENCE

Confidence man. A swindler; a trickster.

Confidential communication. One concerning which the receiver need not testify.

Confidential relations. Such as attorney and client, physician and patient, guardian and ward, in which high trust should prevail. See 87 Md. 377, 40 Atl. 256. Confirmare est id quod prius infirmum fuit simul firmare. To confirm is to make firm what was previously infirm.

Confirmare nemo potest prius quam

jus ei acciderit. No one can confirm a right before it has fallen to him.

Confirmat usum qui tollit abusum. He confirms a use who removes an abuse.

Confirmatio. A confirmation.

and

Confirmatio chartarum. A statute confirming Magna Charta Carta de Foresta.

Confirmatio crescens. A confirmation increasing a rightful estate. Confirmatio diminuens. A confirmation releasing part of the services supporting a tenure.

Confirmatio est nulla, ubi donum praecedens est invalidum. A confirmation is a nullity, where the preceding gift is invalid. Confirmatio omnes supplet defectus, licet id quod actum est ab initio non valuit. Confirmation supplies all defects, though what has been done was not valid at the beginning.

Confirmatio perficiens. A confirmation making valid a defeasible title.

CONFUSION

Confirmation of executor. (Scotch) The formal clothing of the executor with title.

Confirmation of title. A conveyance of some right to one who has possession or some estate in the land. See 95 U. S. 551, 24 L. Ed. 456. Confirmavi. I have confirmed or

ratified.

Confirmee. One to whom a right is confirmed.

Confirmor. One who makes a confirmation.

Confiscare. To confiscate.
Confiscate. To adjudge forfeited;

to appropriate property. See 3 U. S. 199, 1 L. Ed. 568. Confiscation cases. Cases construing the Confiscation Act of 1861. See 7 Wall. (U. S.) 454, 19 L. Ed. 196; 20 Wall. (U. S.) 92, 22 L. Ed. 320.

Confisk. To confiscate.

Confitens reus. One charged with crime who confesses.

Conflict of laws. Conflicting differences in laws of different jurisdictions as affecting one controversy. Conformity.

Adherence to the

Confrontation. The practice of bringing a witness to face one whom he accuses.

Confusio. The mingling of goods of different owners. Confusion. The merger of titles in one person; an extinction of an obligation by the merger of obligor and obligee; the mingling of goods of different owners. See 101 Am. St. Rep. (Pa.) 904.

Conocimiento. (Spanish) A bill of lading.

Conpossessio. A joint possession. Conquereur. The first purchaser of an estate.

Conqueror. William the Conqueror, King of England, 1066-1087; a purchaser.

Conquest. (Feudal Law) Acquisition otherwise than by inheritance; the Norman Conquest, which see. Conquestus. Acquisition.

Conquets. (Civil Law) Same as Acquest.

Conquisitio. Acquisition.

Conquisitor. A purchaser; a conqueror. Consanguineous.

Of the same blood; descended from the same ancestor or parent.

Consanguineous frater. A brother born of the same father.

Consanguineus. Related by blood. Consanguineus est quasi eodem sanguine natus. One related by consanguinity is, as it were, born of the same blood.

Consanguinity. Blood relationship.
Conscience. One's internal judg-
ment of right and wrong. See 7
Cal. 140.

Conscience, courts of.
Conscience.

See Courts of

Conscience money. Money paid in settlement of an obligation previously evaded or concealed.

Conscientia dicitur a con et scio, quasi scire cum deo. Conscience

wreck of conscience. See 5 Rep. (Eng.) 125.

Conscionable. According to honesty.

Consecratio est periodus electionis; electio est praeambula consecrationis. Consecration is the termination of election; election is the preamble of consecration. Conseil. Counsel.

Conseil de famille. (French) Sanction of the family.

Conseil judiciaire. (French) A sort of guardian appointed by a court to protect a spendthrift's estate. Consensual. Depending upon consent.

Consensual contract. (Civil Law) A contract enforceable by reason of the mere consent of the parties. Consensus est voluntas plurium ad quos res pertinet, simul juncta. Consent is the joint will of many persons to whom the thing belongs.

Consensus facit legem. Consent

CONSIGNATION

Consensus tollit errorem. Consent waives a mistake. See 11 Allen (Mass.), 138.

Consensus voluntas multorum ad quos res pertinet, simul juncta. Consent is the will of several joining simultaneously in one affair. Consent. A meeting of the minds on the same matter.

Consent rule. A confession filed by a defendant in ejectment admitting all essential facts. See 4 Johns. (N. Y.) 311. Consentientes et agentes pari poena

plectentur. Consenting persons and those acting are subject to the same penalties.

Consentire matrimonio non possunt infra annos nubiles. They cannot consent to marriage who are under marriageable age.

Consentire videtur qui tacet. Silence makes consent.

Consequentiae non est consequentia. A consequence is not the result of a consequence.

Consequential damages.

Damages mediately resulting from an act. Conservator. A guardian.

Conservators of the peace. Officers formerly appointed in England to preserve the public peace. Conservatrix. A female tor.

conserva