a. When it is noon by "Atlantic" time, what is the hour of the day by "Eastern" time? b. By "Central" time? c. By "Mountain" time? d. By "Pacific" time? e. When it is noon by "Pacific" time, what is the hour of the day by "Mountain" time? f. By "Central " time? g. By "Eastern" time? h. By "Atlantic" time? i. A man traveling from Philadelphia to Chicago would begin his journey on "Eastern" time. He would arrive at Pittsburg on "Eastern" time. His journey from Pittsburg to Chicago would be made by "Central" time. That his watch may agree with the watches of the train-men, how should he change it on leaving Pittsburg? j. If he left Philadelphia at 8.40 A.M. “Eastern" time, and arrived in Chicago the next morning at 8.40 "Central" time, how many hours were required to make the entire journey? k. If he arrived in Pittsburg at 6.55 P.M. “Eastern" time and left that city at 6.30 P.M. "Central" time, how long did his train stop at Pittsburg? . If on his journey back from Chicago to Philadelphia he left Chicago at 3.00 P.M., "Central" time, and arrived in Philadelphia next afternoon at 6.00 "Eastern" time, how many hours were required to make his journey? m. If the train arrived in Pittsburg at 5.50 A.M. "Central" time, and left at 7.30 A.M. "Eastern" time, how long did it stay at Pittsburg?* *Require the pupil with his geography before him, open at a map of the United States, to think this problem through again and again, until he has a clear perception of all the facts involved. He will then be able to solve any similar problem that may be presented. NOTE. The following problems are to be thought of not in connection with "Standard Railroad Time" but rather with mean solar time, or as it is sometimes called “sun-time." It will promote a thoughtful consideration of this subject, if fractions of degrees are for the most part eliminated. See page 183. a. What is the difference of time between two places that are one longitude degree apart? b. 10 dégrees? c. 15 degrees? d. 8 degrees ? e. Learn from your geography the longitude (nearest whole degree) of your schoolhouse. f. Find the longitude of Denver, Colo. g. How many degrees from your schoolhouse to Denver? h. What, then, is the difference in time between your home and Denver? i. When it is noon at your home, what time is it at Denver? j. When it is noon at Denver, what time is it at your home? k. In a similar manner compare the time for your own home and Boston, Mass. 7. What is the longitude of Boston? m. Of Greenwich, near London? n. How many longitude degrees from Greenwich to Boston? 0. What is the difference of time between Greenwich and Boston? p. When it is noon in Greenwich, what time is it in Boston? q. When it is noon in Boston, what time is it in Greenwich? r. Learn from your geography the longitude of St. Petersburg in Russia. 8. How many longitude degrees from St. Petersburg to Boston? t. What is the difference of time between St. Petersburg and Boston? u. When it is noon at Boston, what time is it in St. Petersburg? The standard unit of value in the United States is The standard unit of value in Great Britain and Ireland is the pound. Its value, reckoned in United States money, is $4.8661. The standard unit of value in France is the franc. Its value, reckoned in United States money, is 19.3. The standard unit of value in Germany is the mark. Its value, reckoned in United States money, is 23.8¢. The standard unit of value in Russia is the ruble. Its value, reckoned in United States money, is $.515. a. Find the value of a guinea in United States money. b. Find the value of $1000 in English money. c. Find the value of £ 5000 in United States money. d. Find the value of £1000 in Russian money. e. Find the value of 4000 marks in English money. f. Find the value of 8000 francs in United States money. METRIC SYSTEM All units in the metric system of measures and weights are derived from the primary unit known as the meter. When the length of the primary unit of this system was determined it was supposed to be one ten-millionth of the distance from the equator to the pole. A pendulum that vibrates seconds is nearly one meter long.* In the names of the derived units of this system the prefix deka means 10; hekto means 100; kilo means 1000; myria means 10000; deci means tenth; centi means hundredth; milli means thousandth. Linear Measure 10 millimeters (mm.) = 1 centimeter (cm.). 10 centimeters 10 decimeters 10 meters 10 dekameters 10 hektometers 10 kilometers = 1 decimeter (dm.). *To the Teacher. If pupils have not before become somewhat familiar with the metric units, the author suggests that at this point it will be best to "make haste slowly." Give a little time each day for at least one week to page 187 before attempting page 188. It may not be necessary to devote all of the arithmetic period for the full week to this page, but it is absolutely necessary that the pupil should become quite familiar with the new terms before proceeding further in this topic. The teacher must provide a meter stick and pupils must use it in actual measuring until they can easily think the different metric units without reference to the more common units of measurement. The names of the units of surface measurement are the same as those used for linear measurement, combined with the word square; thus a surface equivalent to a square whose side is a meter is 1 square meter. The pupil, if properly taught to this point, will be able, without difficulty, to fill the blanks in the table of Square Measure 100 square millimeters (sq. mm.) = 1 square centimeter (sq. cm.).* square centimeters square decimeters = 1 square hektometer (sq. Hm.). = 1 square kilometer (sq. Km.). = 1 square myriameter (sq. Mm.). NOTE. The special unit of surface measure for measuring land is equivalent to a square whose side is ten meters. This unit is called an are. 100 centares (ca.) = 1 are (a.). 100 ares a. In a square decimeter there are sq. cm. sq. cm. sq. cm. * The abbreviation cm2 or qcm. is sometimes used for square centi meter, m2 or qm. for square meter, etc. |