knew nothing or very little of it; and that the work before us is the result of a very hasty effort to which he has been urged by a malignant spirit of opposition and enmity to Universalism. The whole work was the fruit of a few weeks' labor, commenced and finished soon after the renunciation of Mr. Whittaker: and unless we are greatly deceived, owes no small portion of the quotations with which it is filled to the Universalist reading of the latter individual. That our author should have gone through with the thirty five or forty volumes to which he has referred, in the space of about four months, and "in the midst of his other very numerous and arduous avocations," and at the same time have prepared for the press the articles which compose this volume, is not so credible as to be believed without proof! We doubt whether he has ever read a tithe of the works, which he quotes. But if he had not, probably Mr. W. had, and our only surprise is that no acknowledgement is made of his very important services. "Honor to whom honor is due."

The design of the work, as that design is developed in the pages of the work itself, was not to present Universalism as it is, not to instruct the learned ignorance of our author's very profound and intelligent brethren, not to win back Universalists from their errors, nor to introduce them to a better mode of thinking and reading,

not to refute Universalism by sound Scriptural argument, nor yet manfully to defend the orthodox faith, which Universalism endangers, but it was simply to appeal to orthodox prejudices, to startle and alarm orthodox fears, to awaken the childish apprehensions of the ignorant and timid by misrepresenting Universalism, and thus making it to the vulgar mind a bugbear to be dreaded and shunned. Whether such a design is worthy of a truly enlightened and christian mind, we shall willingly submit to the public. That the work before us will have its readers is not a matter of doubt: and that with one class of readers it will produce the desired effect is as little to be doubted. Those who already think Universalism a damnable heresy, who would not listen for a moment to "its syren song," for fear of being convinced that it is true, and who would see it only in a false light, that they might dislike and dread it the more, will find in the work before us all that their souls desire: and such after reading and believing it, whole and entire, will lift up their hands and eyes in pious wonder and marvel, first, at the learning and profundity and wisdom of its author, and, then, at the awful ignorance and delusion of the godless, prayerless, "anti-christian" and licentious Universalists!

There is, however, another class who are not in the habit of believing because this or that man says so and so, but because they have reasons to

justify their belief: they are apt to inquire, to examine and compare, and to decide on rational grounds. Such persons will read and be profited by reading the work before us: they will see the perverse and malignant spirit of our author, and be stimulated by his abuse of Universalism and Universalist, to know more of this subject. The result cannot be doubtful: they will soon suspect the soundness of that cause which needs to resort to such measures as our author has adopted in order to secure itself, or effectually to assail another system of faith: they will learn the little value to be attached to the great professions made by some men of piety, charity and truth; and thus "the wrath of man" shall turn to the praise of God, and what our author meant for evil, shall result in good.

That our readers may form a tolerable conception of the work before us, so far as relates to its design, execution and spirit, we will present a brief synopsis of a work that might easily be written, to be called PRESBYTterianism as it is. The materials for such a work should be carefully brought together from fifty or a hundred writers, no matter who or where, no matter whether Old School or New School or no School at all; no matter whether Drs, Green, Alexander, Judkin or Breckenridge; Drs. Beecher, Beman, Barnes, Lansing, Cox or Parker; President Mahan or Prof. Finney; Rev. Mr. Burchard,

Foot, Johnson or Hatfield; no matter whether in books, periodicals or pamphlets, the learned commentary or the Oberlin Evangelist, or even the Evangelist of New York; with name or without name, in prose or poetry; let scraps and sentences be brought together from them all, without the slightest regard to their knowledge, standing or influence in the Presbyterian Church; and let this mass constitue the materials for the great work. Now to present Pesbyterianism as it is, these materials must be duly arranged and the various opinions they express so set in order as to exhibit the subject in a clear and striking light. Of course there must be twenty or thirty articles in the creed of Presbyterians, and thus they stand :

1. That some of the human race will actually suffer endless torments.

2. The chief end of man for which he was created will never be attained.

3. Men are born totally depraved and deserving of hell-fire for ever.

4. Sin had its origin in heaven.

5. Man was created immortal, and would have lived for ever had he not sinned and died.

6. Sin possesses a self-perpetuating power and can never be destroyed.

7. There is a trinity of persons in the Godhead. 8. God does not love unrepentant sinners.

9. Christ, who also is God, loves sinners and will save as many as he can from his Father's wrath.

10. Some men and angels are elected from all eternity to endless felicity.

11. Others were passed by and foreordained to hell-torments for ever to the praise of God's glorious Justice.

12. Christ died for all men.

13. Christ did not die for all men.

14. All for whom Christ died will certainly be saved.

15. Christ's dying for all men is no proof that a single soul will be saved.

16. All men can be saved if they please.

17. Sin is infinite.

18. The penalty of God's law is endless punish

ment.

19. Absolute certainty characterizes the divine administration-there is nothing to encourage the least hope of impunity.

20. The atonement of Christ was designed to free men from the punishment of sin.

21.

The atonement is vicarious.

22. The atonement is not vicarious.

23. The soul of man is immortal.

24. The happiness or misery of man through eternity depends wholly on his present life. 25. All the elect will certainly be saved. 26. The non-elect can not be saved. 27. The devil is a mighty fallen angel.

28. All men go immediately at death to heaven or hell.

29. There will be a general future judgment. 30. Regeneration can be produced only by the irresistable influences of the Holy Spirit.