V = velocity of the train in miles per hour.

superelevation to be given to the outside rail in inches.

For the narrow gauge, where b = 4 ft. 11 in. = 4·91,

Example.-On a curve mile (= 40 chains) radius it is expected that trains will travel at 40 miles an hour.

superelevation of the outside rail?

What ought to be the

x =

402 17 × 40

=

1600
680

= 2.35 inches. Answer.

No. 4.

Offsets or Ordinates at the end of the first Chain from tangent point

of Railway Curves.

No. 5. Horizontal Distances to an Unit's Height to the fol

lowing Angles of

Elevation.

65

6.0923 125

16 24.7500 66 6.0000 126
17 23-2941 67 5.9104
18 22.0000 68

128

5.8235 130

39 10-1538

22 18-0000 72
23 17-2174 73
24 16-5000 74
25 15.8400 75
26 15.2307 76
27 14.6666 77
28 14-1428 78
29 13.6551 79
30 13.2000 80
31 12.7742 81
32 12.3750 82
33 12.0000 83
34 11.6470 84
3511-3142 85 4.6588 158
36 11.0000 86 4.6046 160
37 10.7026 87 4.5517 162
38 10.4210 88 4:5000 164
89 4.4496 165
40 9.9000 90 4:4000 166
41 9.6588 91 4.3516
42 9.4285 92 4.3043
43 9.2093 93 4.2581

5:5000 136

5.4246 138
5.3513 140
5.2800 142
5.2105 144

5.1428 145

2.7310 285

1.4143
1.3995 2 45

2 30

23

21

1.3655 3 0

19

148

2.6756 295

2.6400 300

2.6052 305

2.5
2.5548 315
2.5384 320

310

2.5063 325
2.4750 330
2.4444 335

APPENDIX.

ACTS OF PARLIAMENT

FOR INCLOSING COMMONS AND WASTE LANDS.

BEFORE the year 1845 the inclosure of Commons and Waste Lands was effected by Special Acts of Parliament obtained for the purpose. The expense attending the passing of these Special Acts being very considerable, in the year 1801 a General Act was passed containing certain provisions usually inserted in the Special Acts, and from that date to the year 1845 the latter were founded on the Act of 1801, and contained the same provisions, either explicitly or by reference, with the exception of those required by the special circumstances of each case. In the year 1845 the General Inclosure Act (8 & 9 Vict. c. 118) was passed.

This Act inaugurated an entirely new mode of procedure. Commissioners were appointed by it, to be styled the "Inclosure Commissioners for England and Wales." To these Commissioners applications on the part of persons proposing to inclose land subject to be inclosed under the Act may be made. On being thus set in motion, the Commissioners conduct the inclosure through its various stages in the mode prescribed by the Act of Parliament, local inquiries being instituted by an Assistant Commissioner, and the actual apportionment of the land, after the inclosure has been sanctioned by Parliament, being effected by a Valuer appointed by the persons interested, or, in default of agreement, by the Inclosure Commissioners.

The sanction of Parliament to inclosures is given in a bill or bills introduced annually and founded upon the reports of the Inclosure Commissioners. These bills contain nothing but a simple approval of the inclosures recommended by the Commissioners, a list of which is given in a schedule. All regulations for carrying out the inclosures are contained in the Act of 1845.

The General Inclosure Act 1845, the form of Report which the Inclosure Commissioners require from a Valuer, and a list of Amendment Acts passed subsequently to that of 1845, are appended for the information of readers.

It may be observed that, by the Metropolitan Commons Act 1866, all commons within the Metropolitan Police District are exempted from the operation of the Inclosure Act.