To avoid this combination of the two calculations, we may use the method of Case 2 in Direct Practice, see page 73, and as in the following form. It may here be again observed, that in business it is usual to reckon the values of goods no lower than pence; that is, when there is a fraction in the amount; if it does not exceed penny it is rejected, and if it is above 4 d. it is generally called another penny. EXERCISES. Find the amount of Ex. 1. 371 lb. 11 oz. at 6 s. 6. d. per lb. cwt. 3. 73 cwt. 1 qr. 16 lb. at 45 s. per cwt. per ton. PROMISCUOUS EXERCISES. Ex. 1. 17 cwt. 3 qrs. cwt. Find the amount of 11 lb. of Jordan Almonds at £ 14 per 2. 5 cwt. 1 qr. 17 lb. of Barbadoes Aloes at £7 10 ton. 4. 123 cwt. 3 qrs. 11 lb. of Canada Pot Ashes at 44 s. 6 d. 5. 1375 gallons of Jamaica Rum at 2 s. 8 d. per gallon. cwt. 7. 10 cwt. 1 qr. 18 lb. of Camphor at 2 s. 4 d. per lb. 8. 87 cwt. 2 qrs. 22 lb. of Capers at £ 8 10 per cwt. 9. 279 yards of Irish Linen at 17 d. per yard. 10. 306 cwt. 1 qr. 24 lb. of Cotton Wool at 11 d. per Ib. 11. 13 cwt. 1 qr. 8 lb. of Elephant's Teeth at £25 10 per cwt. 12. 282 cwt. 3 qrs. 22 lb. of Jamaica Sugar at 57 s. 6 d. per cwt. 13. 4 tons 10 cwt. 1 qr. 14 lb. of Pumice Stone at £ 14 per ton. 14. 24 cwt. 3 qrs. 24 lb. of Safflower at £ 7 10 per cwt. 18. 868 gallons of Sicilian Wine at £ 14 10 per pipe of 93 When Ib. are to be valued at shillings per cwt., instead of reducing the lb. into cwt., the valuation may be made from an assumed amount at 112 s. per cwt., as in the following example. EXAMPLE 7. To find the amount of 628 lb. at 47 s. 6 d. per cwt. Observe. If the price per cwt. is multiplied by 3, and the product, reckoned as farthings, is divided by 7, the shillings in the quotient is the number of farthings per lb.: thus, at 91 s. per cwt. f. 91 x 37 39 farthings 9 d. per lb. On the reverse. If the number of farthings per lb., reckoned as shillings, are multiplied by 7, and the product divided by 3, the quotient is the number of shillings per cwt. Ex. 1. 382 lb. at 21 s. per cwt.? Answer 2. 616 lb. at 32 s. per cwt.? 3. 733 lb. at 49 s. per cwt. ? £ 3 11 8 8 16 0 16 0 8 21 2 1 6 8 0 18 17 6 The Gross weight is the whole weight of the hhd., chest, bag, &c., and of the goods they contain. Tare is the weight of the hhd., &c., or an allowance made for that weight. It is called a real Tare, when it is the actual weight of the hhd., &c.; an average Tare, when it is the mean weight of two or more hhds., &c., selected by the buyer and seller; an estimated or customary Tare, when it is an allowance without weighing the hhd., &c.; and a proportionate Tare, when it is reckoned at a rate per cent., per cwt., &c. Draft is an allowance made by the merchant to the buyer, to compensate for the small allowances or extra weights, that may arise from the goods being sold by retail. Tret is an allowance, now restricted to a very few goods, for waste, &c.; it is always 4 lb. per 104 lb. or 1-26 th part of the weight, called the Suttle, which remains after all other allowances have been deducted. Net is the weight after every allowance has been made. Observe. Other allowances, as Extra-Tare, or Super-Tare, Shrinkage, Garbling, &c., are made under particular circumstances, and on particular goods; and formerly an allowance called Cloff was made for waste, but it has long since been abolished. Tret was also formerly a very general allowance, but it is now restricted to Pimento, and such Drugs as are not from the Levant or East Indies, and are sold by the pound Avoirdupois; and also upon Roman Vitriol, although sold by the cwt. Upon no other goods is it now allowed, in this manner or for this purpose, but there is an allowance of 1 lb. per bale upon Raw Silk, which is called Tret, but which is really allowed for Bon Poids, or Draft. Rule. CASE 1. When the real Tare is allowed. Subtract the Tare from the Gross, and the remainder is the Net, if there is no other allowance made. EXAMPLE. To find the net weight of cwt. 17 2 23, Tare 1 3 21. Ex. 1. What is the net weight of 5 tubs of Butter, weighing Gross cwt. 8 2 11, real Tare 3 qrs. 23 lb. ? Ex. 2. What is the net weight of 2 hhds. of Sugar, weighing Gross cwt. 23 1 17, real Tare cwt. 3 1 22? CASE 2. When the Tare or Draft is a certain rate for each package. Rule. Multiply the Tare or Draft upon each by the number of packages, and subtract the amount. EXAMPLE. To find the net weight of 2 bales of Jalap, weighing cwt. 3 2 2, Tare 13 lb. each, Draft 2 lb. each? N. B. When the Tare and Draft are both allowed, they may be added together, and the amount be subtracted. |