shillings and ninepence halfpenny take seven shillings an pence farthing. (4) From two pounds ten shillings and pence take one pound three shillings and sixpence. (5) six shillings and ninepence farthing take four shilling threepence halfpenny. (6) From twelve shillings and te take eight shillings and sixpence three farthings. (7) seventeen shillings and two pence take five shillings and pence farthing.

(16) From 57. 10s. 8d. take 37. 17s. 44d. (17) From 6 7d. take 35l. 178. 23d. (18) From 100%. take 467. 18s (19) From 5487. Os. 8d. take 277. 168. 23d. (20) From 5s. take 867. 19s. 8d. (21) From 4,000l. 10s. 4d 5981. 4s. 8d. (22) From 10,000l. take 6457. 118. (23) From 25,8421. 11s. 6d. take 9,4867. 15s. 0ad.

(24) Take eight pounds five shillings and elevenpenc penny from eleven pounds eleven shillings. (25) Take pounds and eightpence from twenty pounds. (26) Take teen pounds ten shillings from fifty pounds and sixpence far (27) Take one hundred and twenty-five pounds seventee lings and sixpence from one hundred and fifty pounds shillings and tenpence halfpenny. (28) Take sixty-eight p fourteen shillings and ninepence farthing from five hu pounds. (29) Take five hundred and eighty-four pound teen shillings from one thousand seven hundred and eigh pounds twelve shillings and fourpence farthing. (30) eighty-four thousand two hundred and ninety-five pounds shillings and tenpence farthing from one hundred and tv five thousand and nine pounds and elevenpence.

(1) What is the difference between 187. 10s. and 31. 15s. (2) How much greater is 20%. than 117. 11s. 11d.?

(3) How much must be added to 5l. 18s. 4d. to make it 177. 98. 32d.?

(4) Take 77. 18s. 44d. and 567. 19s. 10d. from 2847. 128.

(5) Add together 7821. 16s. 44d., 295l. 18s. 4 d., and 3841. 19s. 11d., and find how much is still wanted to make up 1,500. (6) Take 847. 178. 11d. from 1,000l., and find how much greater the remainder is than 5287. 11s.

(7) A man paid three bills of 27. 18s. 10 d., 4l. 16s. 11d., and 17. 19s. out of a 107. note; how much had he left ?

(8) When a legacy of 2407. has been paid out of 1,000l. 10s., how much will be left after paying bills to the amount of 3847. 16s. 10d.?.

(9) A person's income is 5287. 14s. 73d., and his expenditure 370l. Os. 9d.; how much does he save?

(10) A builder took a contract for 10,000l.; the material cost him 5,840. 16s. and the wages came to 2,070. 8s. 9d.; how much did he clear?

(11) A ship and cargo worth 120,000l. were burnt; she was insured for 80,000l., and the men's wages for the voyage amounted to 9787. 16s. 10d.; how much did the owner lose?

(12) A man had 10,000l. left him, and he bought a house worth 6007., furniture worth 1407. 12s. 9d., and a stock of goods worth 5,2707. 18s. 44d.; how much had he left?

(13) How many times can 867. 14s. 104d. be taken from 6071. 38. 11 d. before there is nothing left?

(14) A man had 337. 14s. 03d. in a box; he took out 77. 10s. 84d., and put in again 37. 15s. 94d.; how many times could he repeat this operation before all the money was taken out?

MULTIPLICATION OF MONEY.

To multiply by numbers up to 12.

To multiply 18s. 73d. by 9.

Write down 18s. 73d. and place the multiplier 9 under

the pence. First, 9 times are 27 farthings,

£8. d.

18 73

9

8

7 930

that is, 6 pence ; put in the farthings' place, and carry 6 to the pence. Next, 9 times 7 pence are 63 pence, and the 6 carried are 69 pence, that is, 5 shillings and 9 pence; put 9 in the pence place, and carry the 5 to the shillings. Lastly, 9 times 18 shillings are 162 shillings, and 5 carried are 167 shillings, that is, 8 pounds 7 shillings;

put the 7 in the place of the shillings, and 8 in the pounds' place. The whole answer is 81. 78. 93d.

First, 7 times are 31;

£ 8. d.

To multiply 51. 178. 44d. by 7. Arrange the sum as before. put and carry 3 pence. Next, 7 times 4 are 28, and 3 carried are 31 pence, or 2 shillings and 7 pence; put 7 pence and carry 2 shillings. Next, 7 times 17 are 119, and 2 carried are 121 shillings, or 6 41 1 7 pounds 1 shilling; put 1 shilling and carry

5 17 4

7

6 pounds. Lastly, 7 times 5 pounds are 35, and 6 carried are 41 pounds. Answer, 417. 1s. 7 d.

Multiply

34.

(1) 37.8s. 94d. by 6. (2) 57. 12s. 42d. by 7. (3) 147. 11s. 83d. by 5. (4) 271. 16s. 5d. by 9.

(6) 1457. Os. 104d. by 8. (8) 5,9627. 17s. 8d. by 9.

(10) 24,7627. 19s. 5d. by 11. (12) 68,3757. 14s. 8d. by 12.

(5)` 867. 17s. 31d. by 11. (7) 2,8467. 188. 0 d. by 12. (9) 80,5167. 7s. 11d. by 6. (11) 17,4067. 15s. 82d. by 11.

£8. d.

57 14 61

To multiply money by a composite number, as 56=7 x 8. To multiply 571. 148. 61d. by 56. Fifty-six are 7 times 8. First, multiply 577. 14s. 64d. by 7, making 4047. 18. 73d. Next, multiply this 4047. 1s. 73d. by 8, and the answer, 3,2321. 138. 2d., will be 56 times 571. 148. 61d.

7

404 1 73

8

3,232 13 2

35.

Multiply

(1) 57. 17s. 84d. by 49. (2) 127. 16s. 34d. by 27. (3) 85%. 14s. 104d. by 64. (4) 957. 10s. 114d. by 81. (5) 2641. Os. 94d. by 72, (6) 3967. 18s. 10d. by 100. (7) 3787. 15s. 93d. by 99. (8) 9467. 12s. 7d. by 84. (9) 500l. 17s. 11d. by 110. (10) 6957. 18s. 10d. by 121. (11) 8467. 15s. 82d. by 132. (12) 8457. 178. 114ď. by 144.

£

8. d. 68 15 103×3

8

550 7 2

To multiply 681. 15s. 103d. by 75. First, multiply 687. 15s. 103 by 72, or 8 times 9, making 4,9531. 4s. 6d. Next, multiply 687. 15s. 103d. by 3, making 2061. 78. 8d., and put this under the 4,9531. 4s. 6d., and by adding these two lines together we shall get 72 times and 7 81 3 times, that is, 75 times 687. 15s. 10 d. 5,159 12 24

9

4,953 46

206

(1) 42/. 17s. 6d. by 34. (2) 857. 9s. 114d. by 47. (3) 561. 11s. 104d. by 58. (4) 1267. 18s. 4 d. by 57. (5) 2867. 19s. 81d. by 69. (6) 8477. 12s. 114d. by 75. (7) 5941. Os. 114d. by 95. (8) 9627. 18s. 03d. by 117. (9)* 8477. 15s. 94d. by 126. (10) 1,7467. 12s. 83d. by 136. (11) 4,7157. 18s. 3 d. by 140. (12) 5,9477. 16s. 11 d. by 129.

To multiply by a number greater than 144. To multiply 481. 178. 4 d. by 365. First, multiply 481. 17s. 43d. by 300, that is, 10 times 10 and 3 times that, making 14,660l. 18s. 9d. Next, multiply by 60, that is, 6 times the ten line, making 2,9321. 3s. 9d., and put this under the 14,6607. 188. 9d. Next, multiply the top line by 5, making 2447. 6s. 113d., and put this under the 2,9321. 3s. 9d.; we shall then have 300 times, 60 times, and 5 times 481. 178. 43d., and by adding these three lines together we get 365 times 481. 178. 43d.

£ s. d.

48 17 43x5 10 488 13 111×6 10 4,886 19 7

3

14,660 18 9
2,932 3 9

244 6 113
17,837 9 53

(1) 57. 17s. 44d. by 167. (2) 397. 12s. 11td. (3) 1687. 17s. 3 d. by 285. (4) 767. 18s. Od. (5) 2847. 16s. 94d. by 748. (6) 5801. 17s. 44d. by 1,68 (7) Four hundred and eighty-six pounds twelve shill ninepence three farthings by nine. (8) Three hund seventy-eight pounds seventeen shillings and fourper farthings by twelve. (9) Eight hundred and forty-sever seventeen shillings and eightpence halfpenny by eig (10) Five hundred and seventeen pounds eighteen shill threepence three farthings by ninety-six. (11) Six hund fifty-nine pounds eighteen shillings and fivepence three f by one hundred and eighteen. (12) Ninety-eight pour teen shillings and sevenpence halfpenny by one hund twenty-seven. (13) Eighty-five pounds sixteen shilli ninepence farthing by one hundred and seventy-six. ( hundred and seventy-five pounds thirteen shillings an pence halfpenny by seven hundred and sixty-eight.

(1) How much is 17 times 57. 18s. 6d. ?

(2) Find the difference between 6 times 857. 19s. 8d. times 2471. 178. 10d.

(3) How much must be added to 1,6847. 17s. 8d. to 1 28 times 967. 128. 8d.?

(4) Multiply 597. 16s. 11 d. by 75, and subtract the from 6,0927. 5s.; how much is left?

(5) A tradesman took 177. 10s. 6d. a day for 6 day much did he take in the week?

(6) A bank took in 5,2877. 11s. 8d. each day for and paid out 1,8467. 17s. 9d. a day; what is the bal receipts?

(7) A firm sold goods worth 5967. 12s. 11 d. a week were the receipts for the year?

(8) A ship earned 1,5787. 10s. in a 14 months' voyage, wages of each of her 9 men averaged 47. 158. 8d. a mont much did the owner clear?

(9) A ship brought home 1,250 bales of wool, and the of the wool was 3,5867. 15s. 9d. per 100 bales; what w worth of the cargo?

(10) How much did a man gain by buying 147 bull 117. 18s. 6d. a head and selling them at 127. 18s. 9d. a he (11) The receipts of a railway company averaged 2 128. 9d. a week, and the expenses 10,486/. 17s. 2d.; how was gained in the half-year?