Martial Law and the New Society in the Philippines

1935 Constitution 1971 Constitutional Convention adopted Anti-Subversion Act Antonio approval Aquino Article XV authority Barangays Barredo barrio bill of attainder Castro Chief Justice Citizens Assemblies Comelec Commission on Elections Communist Party Congress conspiracy decision declare delegates Department detention Diokno dissenting effect Election Code electors Esguerra Executive exercise existence fact FERDINAND E Fernando filed Filipino Gerardo Roxas habeas corpus held illegal insurrection issue January 15 January 22 judicial judiciary legislative legislature liberty majority Makalintal Makasiar martial law military officers organization overt acts overthrow persons petition petitioners Phil Philippines plebiscite President Presidential Decree proclamation of martial proposed amendment proposed Constitution public safety pursuant Quezon City ratification rebellion referendum Republic resolution respondents rule SCRA Secretary Section Senate separate opinion September 21 Solicitor statute submission submitted subversive Supreme Court suspend the privilege Tañada Teehankee therein thereof validity voters votes cast writ of habeas