Εικόνες σελίδας
PDF
Ηλεκτρ. έκδοση

39. Bought wheat for $7962, corn for $12,649, oats for

$8763; sold the wheat at a profit of $780, the corn

at a profit of $920, and the oats at a profit of $765. How much was received for the whole?

40. A man paid $7038 for 782 horses, $7776 for 972 horses, $9948 for 829 horses. How many horses did he buy, and what sum of money did he pay for all? 41. How many times does a clock strike from half-past 12 o'clock at night to half-past 12 o'clock at noon? 42. A gentleman is 19 years older than his sister, and she is 18 years older than her nephew, who is 15 years of age. How old is the gentleman, and how old is his sister?

43. Several persons contributed to the building of a college; A gave $7325, B gave $500 more than A, C gave $40 more than A and B together, and D gave as much as A, B, and C together. What did B, C, and D give, and what was the whole sum contributed? 44. Add one million nine hundred seventy-five thousand six hundred eighty-two, three hundred seventy-six, five million nine hundred seven, thirty-six, seven hundred sixty thousand nine, five thousand nine. 45. What number must be added to 6 that the right-hand figure in the sum shall be 0? 1? 2? 3? 4? 5? 46. A man divided his estate as follows: To his wife, $10,560; to his two sons, $7325 each; to his daughter, $485 more than each son's share.

the whole estate?

What was

47. A merchant has in his store flour worth $656, sugar worth $480, molasses worth $325. He owes for freight $125, for expressage $56, and for cartage $78. What is the whole value of his goods? What is the amount of his debts?

48. A farmer bought 78,580 sheep, and sold 3584; he then bought 58,960, and sold 7896.

How many

sheep did he buy, and how many did he sell?

49. A father gave to each of his three sons $6580, and to his daughter $920 more than to two sons. How much did he give to his children together?

50. If Julius Cæsar went to Gaul 58 years B.C., how many years have elapsed since that event up to the present date of the nineteenth century?

51. A man sold a horse for $986 and three Jersey cows for $680 each; he lost $125 on the horse and $220 on What was the cost of all?

each cow.

52. A grocer bought 4 hogsheads of sugar for $397; in sell

ing them he gained $37 on two together, and $12 apiece on the other two. What was received for all? 53. In an orchard there are 145 cherry trees, 534 apple trees, 127 pear trees, and 397 plum trees. How many trees in the orchard?

54. Add 56 million 6 thousand 3, 108 million 97 thousand 6 hundred 5, 996 million 690 thousand 4, 345 million 6 thousand 40, 987 million 40 thousand 3 hundred 25, 789 million 5 thousand, 7 hundred 85.

55. Bought 50,768 sheep, and then sold 2320; bought 47,962 sheep, and then sold 3648. How many sheep were bought? How many were sold?

CHAPTER III.

SUBTRACTION.

40. What number must be added to four to make seven? What, then, will be left if 4 is taken from 7?

What number must be added to seven to make ten? What, then, will be left if 7 is taken from 10?

Copy the following set of numbers, and find what number must be added to each one in the upper row to make the number below the line. Write the required numbers in the empty places above the lines:

[subsumed][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]

When you have done this, you will see that, since 7 and 10 make 17, 7 taken from 17 leaves 10; since 6 and 8 make 14, 6 taken from 14 leaves 8; so with each set of numbers.

41. In the following set, under each number in the lower

row, write the number that must be added to it to make

[merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][subsumed][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][subsumed][subsumed][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][subsumed][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small]

To 3 we have to add 6 to make 9, so we write 6 under the 3. To 4 we must add 8 to make 12, so we write 8 under the 4.

Now in finding what number must be added to 3 to make 9, we have really found what number will be left if 3 is taken from 9. In finding what number must be added to 4 to make 12, we have really found what number will remain if 4 is taken from 12.

42. The operation of finding the number that remains, when a smaller number is taken from a larger, is called subtraction. The result is called the remainder or difference.

43. The number which is to be subtracted is called the subtrahend; and the number which is to be diminished (that is, the number from which the subtraction is made), is called the minuend.

44. A dash is the sign of subtraction, and when placed between two numbers means that the first number is to be diminished by the second. It is called the minus sign. The expression 4-13 is read four minus one equals three.

45. Three dots.. are often used for the word therefore. The expression 6+2 = 8, .. 8-6=2, is read six plus two equals eight, therefore eight minus six equals two.

Ex. 21. (Oral.)

1. What number with 5 makes 10?
What number with 3 makes 10?
What number with 2 makes 10?
What number with 4 makes 10?

2. What number taken from 10 leaves 2?
What number taken from 10 leaves 4?
What number taken from 10 leaves 3?
What number taken from 10 leaves 5?

3. 5 is one part of 12, what is the other?
8 is one part of 12, what is the other?
3 is one part of 12, what is the other?
7 is one part of 12, what is the other?
9 is one part of 12, what is the other?
6 is one part of 12, what is the other?
10 is one part of 12, what is the other?

4. What number taken from 12 leaves 11?

What number taken from 12 leaves 9?
What number taken from 12 leaves 5?
What number taken from 12 leaves 8?
What number taken from 12 leaves 2?
What number taken from 12 leaves 6?
What number taken from 12 leaves 7?
What number taken from 12 leaves 1?

[merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][ocr errors][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small][merged small]
« ΠροηγούμενηΣυνέχεια »