The Unfit: A History of a Bad IdeaCold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2001 - 451 σελίδες The Unfit, by Elof Carlson, explores the sources of a movement – negative eugenics – that was used to justify the Holocaust, which claimed millions of innocent lives in World War II. The title reflects the nearly three centuries of belief that some people are socially unfit by virtue of a defective biology, and echoes an earlier theory of degeneracy, dating to biblical antiquity, in which some people were deemed unfit because of some transgression against religious law. The author presents the first biological theory of degeneracy – onanism – and then follows the development of degeneracy theory throughout the nineteenth century and its application to a variety of social classes. The key intellectual theories and their proponents form the framework of this exploration, which includes the concepts of evolution and heredity and how they were applied to social problems. These ideas are followed into the twentieth century with the development of theories of positive and negative eugenics, the establishment of compulsory sterilization laws, racism and anti-Semitism, and the Holocaust. This story of misapplied science and technology is one that still haunts humanity in the twenty-first century. The ghost of eugenics recurs in many guises during debates and controversies about intelligence testing, genetic screening, prenatal diagnosis, gene therapy, new reproductive strategies, and uses of our genomic information. Carlson ends his discussion of the history of humanity in this arena with an exploration of the future of genetics that is based on new technologies and application of the Human Genome Project findings, as well as a discussion of the death of the old eugenics and of the problems that will not go away, including our ambivalence about our own biology. |
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Σελίδα 284
... racial differences among humans , but none of the characteristic dif- ferences was sufficient to merit species ... racial differences . Buffon and Rousseau both believed climate and diet caused racial variation . Debate focused on the ...
... racial differences among humans , but none of the characteristic dif- ferences was sufficient to merit species ... racial differences . Buffon and Rousseau both believed climate and diet caused racial variation . Debate focused on the ...
Σελίδα 322
... racial models of eugenics . He was Bavarian and thus influential in the early Nazi party's ideological development ... racial hygiene in Germany ( 1923 ) and he founded the Archive fur Rassen - und Gesellschaftesbiologie ( Archive for ...
... racial models of eugenics . He was Bavarian and thus influential in the early Nazi party's ideological development ... racial hygiene in Germany ( 1923 ) and he founded the Archive fur Rassen - und Gesellschaftesbiologie ( Archive for ...
Σελίδα 436
... Racial Hygiene , 318 German Volk , 321 Germany aid to poor , late 1800s , 82 anti - Semitism origins , 304 , 317–318 ... racial origin , 287– 288 racial doctrines , 286–288 , 332n15 Goddard , Henry H. , 172 Godwin , Mary Wollstonecraft ...
... Racial Hygiene , 318 German Volk , 321 Germany aid to poor , late 1800s , 82 anti - Semitism origins , 304 , 317–318 ... racial origin , 287– 288 racial doctrines , 286–288 , 332n15 Goddard , Henry H. , 172 Godwin , Mary Wollstonecraft ...
Περιεχόμενα
Introduction | 1 |
Before Darwin | 7 |
Who Are the Unfit? | 9 |
Πνευματικά δικαιώματα | |
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Συχνά εμφανιζόμενοι όροι και φράσεις
19th century Anonymous anti-Semitism associated August Weismann behavior believed biological birth breeding Carrie Buck castration cells charity Charles child claimed compulsory sterilization Congress of Eugenics courtesy of CSHL crime criminals CSHL Archives Darwin Davenport David Starr Jordan defects degeneracy degenerate disease disorders Dugdale edition essay eugenics movement Eugenics Record Office evolution Francis Galton Galton gene geneticists German H.J. Muller Harry Harry Laughlin hereditary heredity Hitler human genetics Ibid idea immigration Indiana individual inheritance insane Jeffersonville Jewish Jews Jordan Journal Jukes Lamarck Laughlin London males Malthus marriage masturbation McCulloch Mendel mental moral mutation nation Nazi negative eugenics Nordau normal Onan Onania organs parents paupers person physical physicians political Poor Laws population positive eugenics prison race hygiene racial reform Reformatory Reprinted reproductive sexual Sharp social society species Spencer sperm sterilization law theory tion traits unfit United University vasectomies views Weismann York