TABLE I. Name Third Period. Second Period. First Period. Place First Units Fourteenth Millions X of Millions Millions of Millions or Billions C of Billions Thousands of Billions Seventeenth X Thousands of Billions Nineteenth | Millions of Billions, or Trillions 10. Under every sixth place we draw a line of separation for this reason; because the next place (according to the preceding progression of the places) would be thousands of thousands; but again to prevent the obscurity that the frequent repetition of the same word would occaion, we use the term millions to stand for a thousand housand, and then proceed to name the next 5 places successively, by prefixing to the word millions the same. terms, in order as in the 5 places after units; and so on in a continual rotation; every round of six places is named a period; and the table may be yet continued further at pleasure, by learning names for the lowest place in each succeeding period, as in the following: 1 TABLE 11. Likewise each period nray be sub divided into two equal parts, which may be called members, consisting of three places each. Of the Cypher. 12. The cypher by itself signifieth nothing, and put to the left-hand of another figure, altereth not its value, thus 7, 07, 007, all express the number seven, and no more, since the significant figure 7 is still in units place. 13. But a cypher, being put to the right-hand of a figure, encreases iis value ten times, because it removes it to the second place, and two cyphers, in like manner put, encrease a figure's value an hundred times, by raising it to the third place, and so on, as, 7 Seven 70 Seventy 703 Seven Hundred 7000 Seven Thousand 14. Likewise a cypher to the left-hand of any number altereth not its value, since every significant figure continúeth to possess the same place, as, 45 045 0045 &c. 15. But if a cypher be put to the right-hand of any number number, it encreaseth its value ten times, by removing every figure one place higher, two cyphers in like manner situate, cause that the significant figures express a number a hundred times as much as without the cyphers, since every figure is removed two places higher by such appositions of the cyphers, as, The characters used by the Romans to express numbers, were the following, viz. LX. Sixty L. Fifty, M. One thousand C. One hundred CC. Two hundred CCC. Three hundred DC. Six hundred VII. Seven LXX. Seventy DCC. Seven hundred LXXX. Eighty DCCC. Eight hundred VIII. Eight IV. Four WE lating numbers. Answer. The art of managing or calču 2. What is Notation? 4. The writing numbers properly. 2. How are numbers written or expressed? A. All numbers are expressed by the different disposition of the following characters: 2. How can all numbers be expressed by these cha 2. What have we observed of the cypher, or 0? A. That by itself it signifies nothing; being put on the Units left left-hand of any Number it altereth not its value; but being put to the right-hand, every cypher maketh the number ten times what it was before. Examples for Practice. Write down in figures. 1. Seventeen, 2. Eleven 3. Fourteen 4. Thirty-six 5. Ninety-one 6. One hundred and fifty-four Answ. 17. 7. Two hundred and eighty-seven 8. Six hundred and twelve 9. One hundred and fourteen 10. Five hundred and four 11. Nine hundred and nine 12. Seven hundred and sixty 13. Six hundred and ten 14. One thousand four hundred and twenty-five, } Answ. 15. Three thousand six hundred and forty-four 18. Six thousand eight hundred and four 21. Seven thousand and sixty 22. Seven thousand six hundred 23. Four thousand 24. Eight thousand 25. Seventy-eight thousand six hundred and forty eight 26. Ninety-one thousand three hundred and fifty seven 27. Forty-thousand four hundred and fifty 28. Eighty thousand and eighty 29. Ninety thousand and nine 30. Fifty thousand B 2 154 504 1425 78648 31. One |