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United States Fidelity & Guaranty Co. v. Wooldridge United States Mfrs.' Export Ass'n, Camden Fire Ins. Ass'n v. (Mem.).. United States Railroad Administration, New York Cent. R. Co., State Industrial Board of State of New York v. (Mem.).. 195 United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, Buffalo Union Furnace Co. v. (Mem.).. United States Shipping Board Emergency Fleet Corporation, Levensaler v. (Mem.) 195 United States Spruce Production Corporation, Olson v... United States Steel Corporation, Bank für Handel und Industrie v.. United States Steel Corporation, Direction der Disconto-Gesellschaft v..

510

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United States, to Use of Wharton & N.
R. Co., Mandel v. (Mem.).
Utah Copper Co., Salt Lake County v.
(Mem.)

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515

Weston v. City of Tulsa (Mem.).

463

461

Wharton & N. R. Co., United States to Use of, Mandel v. (Mem.)...

515

Utley, for Use of Craighead County, State of Arkansas ex rel., v. St. Louis-San Francisco R. Co. (Mem.)..

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Van Auken v. Smith (Mem.)

224

White v. Hecksher (Mem.)

515

Vander Zyl, Chicago, R. I. & P. R. Co. v. (Mem.)

White v. Hilken (Mem.).

515

10

White v. Kaufman (Mem.)

515

Van Engelen v. United States (Mem.).. Van Kannel Revolving Door Co., Uhrich v. (Mem.)...

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Van Pelt, Barrett v..

437

Vapor Car Heating Co. v. Gold Car Heating & Lighting Co. (Mem.)

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Vasquez, Panama R. Co. v. (Mem.)

354

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(Mem.) White v. Stump.

515

103

Veach, Ex parte (Mem.)

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Village of Hubbard, Ohio, United States v. 160
Virginian R. Co. v. Mullens (Mem.).
Vorhees v. Grinnell Co. (Mem.).

195

Whittaker, State of Kansas ex rel., Sweyden v. (Mem.)....

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Voss, Taylor v. (Mem.)..

195 Whitten v. State of Florida (Mem.)
352 Willdomino, The (Two Mems.).

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Willdomino, The, v. Charles Pfizer & Co. (Mem.)

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98

144

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Waldman, Tod v. (Mem.)

193

Waldow, United States ex rel. Kennedy v.

Wilkinson, Farmers' & Mechanics' Nat.
Bank of Fort Worth, Tex., v. (Mem.)..
Wilkinson, Massachusetts Bonding & In-
surance Co. v. (Mem.).
Wilkinson, Walker v. (Mem.)

351

637

636

(Mem.)

509

Wilkinson, Walker v. (Two Mems.)

637

Walker, Chapin v. (Mem.)

231

Walker, Grogan v. (Mem.)

91

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Walker, Mid-Northern Oil Co. v...

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Walker v. Wilkinson (Mem.).

636

William Ash Co. v. Reclamation Board of State of California (Mem.)..

194

Walker v. Wilkinson (Two Mems.)

637

William Danzer & Co. v. Gulf & S. I. R.

Wallace, Blundell v......

Co.

247

612

Walnut Ridge-Alicia Road Imp. Dist.,

William H. Muller & Co. v. Fingalsen

Missouri Pac. R. Co. v. (Mem.).

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Walz v. Chicago, M. & St. P. R. Co. (Mem.)

William H. Muller & Co. v. Plisson Steam Nav. Co. (Mem.)..

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98

Warner & Co. v. Eli Lilly & Co. (Mem.) 124
Warrick, Missouri Pac. R. Co. v. (Mem.).. 125
Washburn Crosby Co. v. France Milling
Co. (Mem.).

Washington, United States v. (Mem.)
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Webster v. Fall...

William H. Muller & Co. V. Suttore (Mem.)

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William, Inman & Stribling v. Seaboard Air Line R. Co. (Mem.).

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507

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128 Williams v. Christopher (Mem.).
148 Williams v. United States (Mem.)
229 Willmering v. United States (Mem.).
Wilson & Toomer Fertilizer Co., Hartford
Fire Ins. Co. v. (Mem.).

507

126

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Weller v. People of State of New York.. 556 Wilson & Willard Mfg. Co., Cummings v.

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CASES

ARGUED AND DETERMINED

IN THE

UNITED STATES SUPREME COURT

OCTOBER TERM, 1924

(266 U. S. 1)

Ziang Sung Wan was convicted of murder in the first degree, and to review a judgment of the Court of Appeals of the District of Columbia (289 Fed. 908, 53 App. D. C. 250), Decided Oct. 13, affirming a judgment of conviction, he brings

ZIANG SUNG WAN v. UNITED STATES. (Argued April 7, 8, 1924.

1924.)

No. 127.

1. Criminal law 519(1)-Confession not voluntary merely because not induced by promise or threat.

In federal courts, a confession is not voluntary merely because not induced by promise or threat, but must in fact have been voluntarily made.

2. Criminal law 519(9)-Confession to police officers while in custody, in answer to examination, may have been voluntary.

A confession may have been given voluntarily, though made to police officers while in custody, and in answer to an examination conducted by them.

3. Criminal law

521-Confession obtained by compulsion excluded, regardless of character of compulsion.

Confession obtained by compulsion must be excluded, whatever may have been the character of the compulsion, and whether compulsion was applied in judicial proceeding or otherwise.

certiorari. Reversed.

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On January 31, 1919, the police department of the District of Columbia learned that three Chinamen, the inmates of a house in Washington occupied by the Chinese Educational Mission, had been murdered. They were known to have been alive late in the evening of January 29. Police officers were

told by Li, a student, that, earlier on the same evening, he had seen at the Mission a resident of New York City named Wan. Acting under instructions of the superintendent of police, two detectives started immediately for New York, taking Li with them. On Feb4. Criminal law 519(9)-Confession made while ill and in custody of police held not vol-uary 1, they entered Wan's room in a lodging house, found him there, and brought him untary. to Washington. He was not formally arrested until February 9. Later, *he was indicted, in the Supreme Court of the District, for the murder of one of the Chinamen; was found guilty; and was sentenced to be hanged. The Court of Appeals of the District affirmed the judgment. 289 F. 908, 53 App. D. C. 250. A writ of certiorari was granted. 263 U. S. 693, 44 S. Ct. 34, 68 L. Ed. 509. The main question for decision1 is whether,

Statements made by accused to police officers, and written statement signed by him after interrogation by police officers, at a time when accused was very ill, was in constant intense pain, and had been unable to eat for days, and after he had been in custody of police for more than a week, suffering from such disease and subjected to persistent examination, notwithstanding protestations that he was too ill to answer questions and that he wished to be left alone, held not voluntary, having been obtained by compulsion.

*9

1 The indictment was found on September 30, 1919;

On Certiorari to the Court of Appeals of the verdict rendered on January 9, 1920; and the the District of Columbia.

sentence imposed on May 14, 1920. The time for filing the bill of exceptions, which under the rule

For other cases see same topic and KEY-NUMBER in all Key-Numbered Digests and Indexes

45 SUP.CT.-1

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