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regular Code of the Swedish Laws, which bore CHAP. his name; and he excluded from the benefit of those laws all persons who adhered to their antient heathen superstitions. In a small chapel behind the altar is an oblong monument, the tomb of the famous Gustavus Vasa. His effigy is represented in marble, between those of his two first wives, whose remains are interred in the same sepulchre. This interesting monument has sustained considerable injury, owing to a fire, which also did great damage to the cathedral.

place of

There are many other tombs which deserve notice, from their relationship to the Swedish history: but all our attention was taken up, and wholly engrossed, by one; namely, the tomb, or rather grave, of Linnæus. A simple Burialentablature of stone, let into the pavement at Linnæus. the western extremity of the cathedral, near the door, and under the organ-gallery, now covers the mouldering reliques of this illustrious man. With what emotions of sacred enthusiasm will future generations approach the hallowed spot which has afforded a sepulchre to his remains !—

(2) For an account of which, the Reader may be referred to the valuable information contained in the Travels of Mr. Cose; an author who has made History, as it were, his home; and who is never so much at home as when he is among the tombs of illustrious persons.-See Travels into Poland, Russia, and Sweden, vol. IV. p. 132, &c. Lond. 1787.

I.

CHAP. He, who was every thing that could be required, to give to the studies of Natural History, in the great scale of Science, their dignity and value'! How powerful, in its effect upon the heart, will ever be the simple inscription which marks the place where he lies!

Who will read these words unmoved; or wish
to read more! for of the title that has been
added, every letter is superfluous".
"HIS
NAME," as said his biographer3, CAN NEVER
DIE. IT WILL BE CHERISHED IN THE MEMORY

(1) “ He was early led to regret that NATURAL HISTORY had not, by public institution, been more cultivated in Universities; in many of which, logical disputations and metaphysical theorizing had too long prevailed, to the exclusion of more useful science."-See Pulteney's Linnæus, by Maton, p. 496. Lond. 1805.

(2) This is the whole of the Inscription:

(2) See Pulteney's Linnæus, by Maton, p. 506. Lond. 1805.

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OF EVERY LOVER OF NATURE, AND REMAIN ON CHAP. THE FAIR RECORDS OF SCIENCE, TO THE END OF TIME." Indeed, time alone is wanted, to shew the extent of his researches, and the depth of his knowledge. He seems to have anticipated whole ages of investigation: and in the goodness of his heart, and the tendency of all his writings and discourses to give glory to the great Author of the works of Nature, there was something not only to admire, but to venerate'. In a small chapel near the place of his interment, Monument the students and other inhabitants of Upsala have the inhabierected a plain but beautiful monument to his memory. It is executed in the fine porphyry of Elfsdal; the letters of the inscription being of bronze, gilded, and placed in full relief upon the stone. As far as the workmanship is concerned, nothing can surpass the effect. An objection may be made against the inscription itself, which has very generally been censured, on account of the words Botanicorum Principi :

(4) Witness the extraordinary remark in his Diary, “that he had never seen rudera diluvii universalis, but successiva temporis." The most experienced geologist of the present day will know how to appretiate the value of this observation.

(5) "The habit of scrutinizing and contemplating the wonderful energies and economy of Nature, had the effect of inspiring Linnæus with an unsophisticated sort of pious feeling, which breaks forth, in various parts of his writings, with a peculiar and most engaging eloquence."— See Pulteney's Linnæus, by Maton, p. 497.

erected by

tants.

CHAP. but it should be observed, that this title, and the

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very words of it, were those which Linnæus had chosen to appropriate to himself': and although the inscription would have been much better without any such addition, yet this fact may always be urged in its justification. In its present state, this inscription appears as follows:

The
expense of this monument, plain and simple
as it seems, amounted to two thousand rix-
dollars; of which sum, four hundred were ex-
pended in supplying the bronze characters of
the inscription. On the south side of the same
aisle there is a Monument to the memory of
Menander archbishop of Upsala, erected by his
son. This monument was executed in Italy;
and it is adorned with sculptured figures in
marble. A piece of sculptured alabaster also
represents the prelate, leaning upon his Biblia

(1) "He was styled, by all Botanists, PRINCEPS BOTANICORUM." See Linnæus's Diary, p. 566. Pulteney's Linn. by Maton. Lond. 1805.

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Fennica, receiving the homage of a Groupe of CHAP.
Figures, whom we supposed to represent the
Muses, from the circumstance of their being
preceded by a winged Apollo.

Thor.

Among the reliques preserved here, there are some so exceedingly curious, that we cannot omit the mention of them, although they have been noticed by many other travellers. Foremost in the list of these, is the wooden image of the God Thor, who may justly be styled "the Image of loggerhead idol of the Northern nations." It is much such a representation of the human head in a log of wood, as Scheffer, in his work" De Diis Lapponum Paganicis," has figured, with a worshipper before it in the act of adoration'. According to Scheffer, the image of Thor was always of wood, and of this rude workmanship: it was an idol made out of a birch-tree, the head out of the root, and the body out of the trunk'. This is connected with the old worship of fire; and, as a proof of it, the votaries of Thor used to drive an iron nail, with a small piece of flint, into the idol's head*. The image

(2) Joannis Schefferi Lapponia, p. 105. Francof. 1673.

(3) Hæc idola faciunt ex betula, et ex radice quidem caput, ex trunco seu caudice partem reliquam." Ibid.

(4) "In capite infigunt clavum ferreum, cum silicis particula, ut si videatur, ignem Thor excutiat." Ibid.