14 3 Barrels or 2 Hogfheads 1 Butt. Alfo a Barrel of Salmon or Eels is 42 Gallons, Dry Measure, Confifts of Lafts, Weys, Quarters, Bufhels, Pecks, Gallons, Quarts, and Pints. N. B. 2 Gallons are 1 Peck, 4 Pecks 1 Bushel I 8 Bushels Quarter, 4 Quarters 1 Chalder, 5 Quarters 1 Wey, 2 Weys 1 Last. In London 36 Bufhels are 1 Chaldron. The Bufhel water measure is 5 Pecks, A Cart Load ditto 40 Buthels. The legal standard bufhel Winchefter, is 18 inches and a half wide, and 8 inches deep. Long Measure Is divided into Degrees, Leagues, Miles, Furlongs, Poles, Yards, Feet, Inches, and Barley Corns. N. B. 3 Barley Corns are 1 Inch, 12 Inches 1 Foot, 3 Feet Yard, 11 and a half Yards 1 Pole, 40 Poles one Furlong, 8 Furlongs 1 Mile, A Degree of the Meridan or of a great Circle, is-69 Miles and a half nearly, altho only reckoned 60. Time: Time. Is divided into Years, Months, Weeks, Days, Hours, Minutes, and Seconds. &c. I N. B. 60 Seconds are 1 Minute, 60 Minutes 1 Hour, 24 Hours 1 Day, 7 Days 1 Week, 4 Weeks 1 Month, 13 fuch Months and 1 Day and a Quarter 1 Julian Year. 365 Days 5 Hours, 48 Minutes, 57 Seconds, I Solar Year. The Months in the Year, and Days in each. October 31, December 31, November 30, N. B. February in Leap year (i. e.) every 4th. hath 29 Days. A Pendulum 39 inches and 1 fifth in length, vibrates feconds, called a Royal pendulum. Square Measure, 144 Inches are 1 Foot, 9 Feet 1 Yard, 100 Feet 1 Square of Flooring, 272 Feet and 1 fourth are 1 Rod, 40 Rods 1 Rood, 640 Acres 1 Square Mile, 30 Acres 1 Yard of Land, 100 Acres i Hide of Land. By this Measure are measured all things that have length and breadth, as Land, Boards, Flooring, Roofing, Walling, Plaiftering, Ceiling, Painting, Paving, Thatching, Plumbing, Glazing, &c. Solid Measure, 231 Cubic inches are a Wine gallon, 268 A Corn gallon, 2150 Inches are a Winchester bushel, 1 I 40 feet of Round, or 50 feet of Hewn Timber, make 1 Tun or Load, I 108 folid feet (i. e.) 12 feet long, 3 broad and 3 deep, or commonly 14 feet long, 3 feet 1 inch broad, and 3 feet 1 inch deep is a stack of wood, 128 folid feet (viz.) 8 feet long, 4 feet broad, and 4 deep make a Cord of wood. By this Meafure are measured all things that have length, breadth, and depth. Addition of divers denominations, As Pounds, Shillings and Pence; Hundreds, Quarters and Pounds, &c. Here care must be taken to place pounds under pounds, &c. Add 1. S. d. To 285 11 10 476 14 093 S 476 14 094 249 16 08 Sum 1734 01 040 fhillings 61, that is one carry to the pounds, &c. then beginning at the lowest denomination, collect that column into one fum, fuppofe pence, fet down the odd pence, and carry the fhillings to the next line, as in the example, there is 8 farthings that is o and carry 2d. and the fum of the pence is 40, that is 4d. and 3s. to carry, which makes the fum of the fhilling and three pounds to To facilitate the addition of money, the young ftudent should get this pence table perfect by heart Pence In adding quantities of divers denominations, fum up the lowest class, and divide that fum by the number of that ciafs in the next higher denomination, setting down the remainder and carrying the quotient to the next vertical row. As the fum of any vertical row of pounds avoirdupoise, divided by 28, the remainder is pounds and the quotient is quarters, to carry to the next vertical row of quarters. This method of fuming up quantities is both eafy and universal. • Subtraction of divers denominations, As of money, &c. Having placed the quantities as directed in addition, begin with the lowest or leaft denomination, and fubtract the figure or figures in that place, from the figure or figures that ftand over it of the fame denomination, fetting down the remainder; but if the lower figure be greater than that above it, you may fubtract it from your punctum, or number of that denomination in the 1. s. d. From 473 08 9 Sub. 128 14 7 next, adding the remainder to the number you could not fubtract from, as in the example in the margin, 14s. from 8 I cannot, but 14 from the Punctum 20, leaves 6, which added to 8 is 14s. Then add one to the 8 in the units place of the pounds, and fo proceed to the end. Or you may fay 14 from (8 + 20 the punctum) 28 and 14 remains to fet down, always carefully minding to add one to the next clafs of the fubtrahend, when you cannot fubtract without borrowing. Diff. 344 14 2 Multiplication of divers denominations. By this rule is readily found the price of any affigned number of yards, &c. having the price of one given, as in the following cafes. Cafe ift. When the number of yards, &c. do not exceed 12, multiply the price per yard by the number, and the product is the answer, s. d. Multiply 15 102 By Anf. £6 07 20 Required the price of 8 yards broad cloth at 155 103. per yard. Cafe 2 If the price of a quarter, half a yard or three quarters, be required, with a number of yards; to the price found as in cafe ft. add one fourth, one half or three fourths of the price per yard, and the fum is the anfwer. What |