100lb. of PRUSSIA 100 lb. DENMARK, The centner is 100 lb. The shippond is 320 lb. The bbl.or toende, a dry meas.— = 3.9472 bushels, U. S. The viertel, a liquid measure. =2.041 gallons, U. S. The Danish or Rhineland foot=12.356 inches, U. S. A cantaro grosso, NAPLES, The tomolo, a dry measure, 100 lb. or libras, SICILY, The cantaro sottile The salma grossa, a dry measure, The salma, a liquid measure, 100 lb. of LEGHORN, The sacco, a dry measure, The barile, a liquid measure, 155 braccia, cloth measure, The canna of 4 braccia =24.712 inches, U. S. 4.684 miles, U. S. = = = = = 196.5 lb. avoirdupois. 106 lb. avoirdupois. 1.451 bushels, U. S. 52.236 bushels, U. S. 11 gallons. U. S. 264 gallons. U. S. 10.38 inches, U. S. 83.04 inches, U. S. == = = 70 lb. avoirdupois. 192.5 lb. avoirdupois. 175 lb. avoirdupois. 9.77 bushels, U. S. 7.85 bushels, U. S. 23.06 gallons, U. S. 9.5 inches, U. S. 76 inches, U. S. =75 lb. avoirdupois. 2 bushels, Ü. S. 12 gallons, U. S. 100 yards, U. S. =93 inches, U. S. = 100 lb. peso grosso of GENOA, 76.875 lb. avoir's. 100 lb. or 100 rottoli, MALTA,=174.5 lb. avoirdupois. 8.221 bushels, U. S. =11 inches, U. S. = 81.9 inches, U. S. The cantaro, kintal, SMYRNA, 129.48 lb.avoirdupois. 2.833 lb. avoirdupois. =1.456 bushels, U. S. = 27 inches, U. S. = A factory maund of BENGAL, 743 lb. avoirdupois. A bazar maund, The pecul of JAPAN, 825 lb. avoirdupois. 18 inches, U. S. =1 yard U. S. = 130 lb. avoirdupois. = = The catti is 100th part of a pecul, 1.3 lb. avoirdupois. The bahar of BENCOOLEN, The bahar of ACHEEN, The loxa of betel nuts The pecul of BATAVIA, 33 kannes, liquid measure, The ell, long measure, The candy of COLOMBO, = = 6.25 feet, U. S. 560 lb. avoirdupois. =1 gallon, U. S. 800 gallons, U. S. XXXIX. MENSURATION. MENSURATION is the art or practice of measuring, and has primary reference to the measurement of superficies and solids. Mensuration involves a knowledge of Geometry; and, as that science is not the object of this work, we shall confine our exercises under this head to those measurements, which are most likely to be useful in the ordinary concerns of life. SUPERFICIES OR SURFACE. It has already been taught, that surfaces are measured in squares, and that the area of any square figure, or any parallelogram is found by multiplying together the length and breadth of the figure. For observations on the square and parallelogram, see page 162. AREA OF A RHOMBUS. A rhombus is a figure with four equal sides, having two of its angles greater, and two less than the angles of a square. The greater angles are called obtuse angles, and the smaller, acute angles. To find the area of a rhombus, first drop a perpendicular from one of the obtuse angles to the opposite side, then multiply the side by the perpendicular. 1. How many square feet are there in a flooring, the form of which is that of a rhombus, measuring 15 feet on the side, and 12.5 feet in the perpendicular? AREA OF A RHOMBOID. A rhomboid is a figure with four sides, which are not all equal, but whose opposite sides are equal, and whose opposite angles are equal, having, like a rhombus, two obtuse, and two acute angles. To find the area of a rhomboid, drop a perpendicular from one of the obtuse angles, to the opposite longer side, and multiply the longer side by the perpendicular. 2. What is the area of a rhomboid whose longer side is 18.75 feet, and whose perpendicular is 9.25 feet? AREA OF TRIANGLES. It is obvious, that a right-angled triangle contains just half as much surface as would be contained in a square or parallelogram, two of whose sides are formed by the base and perpen dicular of the triangle. Therefore, the area of a rightangled triangle is found, by multiplying together either the base and half the perpendicular, or, the perpendicular and half the base. 3. How many square rods of land are there in a lot, which is laid out in a right-angled triangle, the base measuring 19 rods, and the perpendicular 15 rods? 4. How many acres of land in a lot, whose form is that of a right-angled triangle, the base measuring 113 rods, and the perpendicular 75 rods? An Equilateral triangle is a triangle whose sides are all equal-such is the first of the two triangles adjoined. An obtuse-angled triangle is that which has one obtuse angle -such is the second of the triangles adjoined. Whatever may be the form of a triangle, if it have not a right angle, it must be cut into two rightangled triangles before it can be measured: and this is done by dropping a perpendicular from the opposite angle to the |