the Royal Academy," 1781, 4to. 18. "Dissertacion Epistolar accrea unas Obras de la Real Academia Espanola su auctor Joseph Baretii, secretaria por la correspondencia estrangera de la Real Academia Britannica di pintura, escultura, y arquitectura. Al senor don Juan C****,' 19. "Tolondron. Speeches to John Bowle about his edition of Don Quixote: together with some account of Spanish literature," 1786, 8vo.1

4to.

BARFORD (WILLIAM), D.D. was educated at Eton school, and was admitted into King's college, Cambridge, in 1737, where he proceeded B. A. 1742, M. A. 1746, and D.D. 1771. He was tutor of his college, and presided as moderator in the Soph's school, in 1747, 1751, and 1756; and was of course one of the taxors of the university in each of the years succeeding. He was public orator in 1761-2, which office he resigned in 1768, and a candidate for the Greek professorship on the death of Fraigneau, but was unsuccessful. He was presented by

his college to the living of Fordinbridge, in Hampshire, in that year, which he ceded in April 1773, on being instituted to the rectory of Kimpton, in Hertfordshire, which he held during life, along with the living of Allhallows, Lombard-street, London. In June 1770, he was installed a prebendary of Canterbury, in consequence of his having been chaplain to the house of commons, on the appointment of sir John Cust, the speaker. But he did not continue in this office above one session; sir Fletcher Norton the succeeding speaker, making choice of another clergyman for that office. It was supposed there was some design to prevent his receiving the usual recompense for his service, but his friends contended, that he was not to be considered as the chaplain of the speaker, but of the house, and Mr. Thomas Townsend, afterwards lord Sydney, moved, on May 9th, to address the king to confer upon Mr. Barford, as chaplain, some dignity in the church. He was ordered to preach before the house of commons on Jan. 30 of that year, which sermon he printed. He published also "In Pindari primum Pythium dissertatio habita Cantabrigiæ in Scholis publicis," 1751, 4to; a "Latin Oration" at the funeral of Dr. George, provost of King's college, 1756; and a "Concio ad Clerum,"

1 From our last edition, drawn up by Mr. Isaac Reed, for the European Magazine, 1789.-Gent. Mag. vol. LIX. and LX.-Boswell's Life of Johnson.

1

1784, on the first meeting of the convocation at St. Paul's cathedral. The learned Mr. Bryant, in the preface to the third volume of his System of Mythology, bears honourable testimony to the merits of Dr. Barford, as a scholar and a friend. He died as he had lived, universally respected by all learned and good men, in Nov. 1792, at his rectory of Kimpton.1

BARGRAVE (ISAAC), dean of Canterbury, was the sixth son of Robert Bargrave, of Bridge, in Kent, esq. by Joan, the daughter of John Gilbert, of Sandwich, esq. and was born in 1586. He was entered early at Clare-hall, in Cambridge, of which society he was probably a fellow, where he took his degrees in arts. He was incorporated

M. A. at Oxford, in 1611, and in 1612 he undertook the office of taxor in the university of Cambridge. In March 1614-15, when king James visited Cambridge, Bargrave was one of those who performed a part in the celebrated comedy of "Ignoramus," written by Ruggle, his fellowcollegian, in order to entertain his majesty. He was at this time a beneficed clergyman, having been inducted to the rectory of Eythorne, in Kent, in October preceding. He became soon afterwards minister of St. Margaret's, Westminster, and chaplain to Charles prince of Wales, whom he served in the same quality after his accession to the throne. In his church of St. Margaret's, he often preached before the house of commons, and with much approbation. In 1622, at which time he was D. D. he was promoted by the crown to the fifth prebend in the church of Canterbury. In Feb. 1623, in a sermon before the house of commons, he inveighed with honest warmth against the influence of popery, bad counsellors, and corruption, which displeased king James, but Charles I. soon after his accession, nominated him to the deanery of Canterbury. Other promotions followed, some of which he exchanged, and in 1629 he was commissioned by archbishop Abbot, together with archdeacon Kingsley, to enforce the instructions from the king concerning the regularity of lecturers in the diocese, and the due attendance at divine worship. When the rebellion broke out, he shared the sufferings of the rest of the loyal clergy, and, in 1641 was fined a thousand pounds by the house of commons, for being a member of a convocation of the

1 Gent. Mag. vol. LXII. and LXIII.-Harwood's Alumni Etonenses.

clergy in the preceding year. In 1642, when the parliamentary colonel Sandys came to Canterbury, he and his troops treated the dean and his family with the most brutal behaviour, without regard to age or sex; his son was then sent prisoner to Dover, and himself to the Fleet prison, London. It does not appear, however, that the dean was either examined or called before the house, nor did his confinement last above three weeks, yet what he had suffered so much affected him, that he died in January following, (1643). It is worthy of notice, although shocking to relate, that this Sandys owed his escape from an ignominious death, when he was indicted at Maidstone for a rape, to the interest of dean Bargrave. The dean had been a great traveller, and his connexions in foreign countries were such as prove his discernment as well as testify his merit. He attended sir Henry Wotton in one of his embassies, as his chaplain, and sir Henry appointed him one of the supervisors of his will, with a legacy of books: during his residence at Venice, he enjoyed the intimate acquaintance of the celebrated father Paul, who once said to him that he thought the hierarchy of the church of England the most excellent piece of discipline. r the whole Christian world. Bargrave was a firm defender of our civil and religious rights. He published only three sermons, printed at London in 1624 and 1627. He was interred in the dean's chapel, Canterbury, and a monument was erected in the same place by Dr. John Bargrave, in 1679. 1

BARING, or BARINGIUS (DANIEL EBERHARD), was born in 1690 in Hildesheim, and obtained the place of sub-librarian of the royal library of Hanover. He was particularly eminent for historical and diplomatic researches, and was the first who collected materials to form a diplomatic library. His first publication was "Succincta Notitia Scriptorum rerum Brunsvicensium ae Luneburgensium, cum recensione legum atque constitutionum terrarum Brunsvico-Luneburgicarum," Hanover, 1729, 8vo. But his chief work was his "Clavis diplomatica, specimina veterum scripturarum tradens, &c." Hanover, 1737, 4to, of which was published a much enlarged and improved edition in 1754, 4to, with a life of the author, by his son Daniel. Baring died in 1753. *

.

1 Todd's Deans of Canterbury.-Lloyd's Memoirs, fol. p. 687.—Walker's Sufferings.Wood's Fasti, vol. I. Dict. Hist.Saxii Onomasticon.

BARKER (ROBERT), an artist of great ingenuity, deserves notice as having contributed to "the harmless stock of public pleasure," although the particulars of his early life may not be interesting. He was the inventor and patentee of the now well-known species of exhibition called a PANORAMA, by which bird's-eye views of large cities and other interesting subjects, taken from a tower, or some other elevated situation, and painted in distemper round the wall of a circular building, produce a very striking effect, and a greater resemblance to reality than was ever before invented, a strong light being thrown on the painting, whilst the place from whence it proceeds is concealed. The deception is also aided by the picture having no frame or apparent boundary. The first picture of this kind was a view of Edinburgh, exhibited to the public in that city by Mr. Barker, in 1788, and in the following year in London, where it did not attract much attention; nor was the invention popular, until Mr. Barker named his exhibition a PANORAMA, a compound word which was not ill contrived to excite curiosity. The first view, under this new title, was one of London from the top of the Albion Mills, which Mr. Barker exhibited at a house in Castle-street, Leicester Fields; and although this was confined, for want of room, to a half circle, he was soon patronised and encouraged by the liberal praises of sir Joshua Reynolds and other eminent artists. Soon after, partly by means of a subscription, Mr. Barker was enabled to build a large and commodious house in Leicester Fields, calculated to give his exhibition every advantage. Since that time, views of Dublin, Paris, Constantinople, Cairo, and other cities, with some of the most remarkable sea-fights of the present eventful war, have been exhibited with the greatest success. A more rational, or in many respects a more useful, public exhibition, it would be difficult to conceive. Mr. Barker died in April 1806, at his house in West-square, Southwark, leaving two sons, one of whom continues the exhibition in Leicester-square, with all his father's skill.1

BARKER (THOMAS), esq. the descendant of an ancient and respectable family at Lyndon in Rutlandshire, was the son of Samuel Barker, esq. of Lyndon, by a daughter of the celebrated Whiston, who often acknowledges the assistance he received from his son-in-law in his ecclesiastical

Lysops's Environs, suppl. volume,

researches. Mr. Samuel Barker was long employed in preparing a Hebrew grammar, which he probably did not live to finish, but in 1761 was published "Poesis vetus Hebraica restitutus. Accedunt quædam de carmine Anacreontis. De accentibus Græcis. De Scriptura vetere lonica, De literis consonantibus et vocalibus, et de pronuntiatione inguæ Hebraica," 4to. He was then dead. His son, the subject of the present article, was the author of several tracts on religious and philosophical subjects; among the former were, "The duty, circumstance, and benefits of Baptism, determined by evidence," 1771, 8vo; "The Messiah, being the prophecies concerning him methodized, with their accomplishment," 1780, 8vo; "The nature and circumstances of the Demoniacs in the Gospel," 1780, 8vo. In some of these he is said to depart from the received opinions of the church. Of his philosophical works, which have done him far more credit, we may notice his meteorological journals, which were for many years published in the Philosophical Transactions, where likewise he wrote, 1. "An account of a Meteor seen in Rutland," 1756, 2. “On the return of the Comet expected in 1757 or 1758, ibid. 1759. 3. "On the mutations of the Stars," ibid. 1761. 4. "Account of a remarkable Halo," ib. 1762. 5. "Observations on the quantity of rain fallen at Lyndon for several years, with observations for determining the latitude of Stamford," ib. 1771. He published also separately, "Account of the discoveries respecting Comets," 1757, 4to. This contains a table of the Parabola, much valued by competent judges, and reprinted by sir Henry Englefield, in his excellent treatise on the same subject. Mr. Barker, by a course of uninterrupted abstemiousness, particularly from animal food, which he was under the necessity of leaving off in his infancy, prolonged his life and faculties to an unusual period, dying at Lyndon, Dec. 29th, 1809, in his eighty-eighth year. It ought to have been noticed, that he drew up the history of the parish of Lyndon, one of the few parts given to the public of a new edition of Wright's history and antiquities of Rutland. '

BARKHAM, or BARCHAM (JOHN), a very learned divine and antiquary, in the end of the sixteenth, and part of the seventeenth century, was born in the parish of St. Mary the More, in the city of Exeter, about 1572. He was

Nichols's Life of Bowyer, vol. III.-Biog. Brit. art. Whiston, note H H.Whiston's Memoirs.