GENERAL WRITTEN PROBLEMS

1. A dealer bought 4800 lb. of rice at 4¢ a pound and sold it at 7¢ a pound. What was his profit?

2. What will it cost to build a cement road 5 ft. wide and 78 ft. long, at $1.35 a sq. yd.?

3. The full railway fare between Syracuse and Albany is $2.96. What will be the cost of tickets for a family consisting of father, mother, and three children, if each child travels on a half-fare ticket?

4. How much will it cost to excavate a cellar 42 ft. long, 26 ft. wide, and 71⁄2 ft. deep, at 55¢ a cu. yd.?

5. One side of a square field is 40 rods long. How many acres are there in this field?

6. A grocer bought maple syrup at 90¢ a gallon and sold it in quart bottles at 45¢ a qt. If the bottles cost 5¢ each, what will be the profit on 300 gal.?

7. The frame of a hat cost 75 cents. It was covered with 14 yd. of velvet at $1.50 a yd.; the trimmings cost $4.50. If the making cost $1.50, what was the total cost of the hat?

8. If a boy buys peaches at the rate of 5 for 2 cents, and sells them at the rate of 4 for 3 cents, how many must he buy and sell to make a profit of $4.20?

9. In a relay race, the first girl's time was 113 seconds, the second girl's time was 10 sec., the third girl's was 12 sec., and the fourth girl's 9 sec. How long did it take to complete the race?

10. A stationer bought pencils for $3.60 per gross; he sold them for 4 cents apiece. Did he gain or lose? What per cent?

11. If the remainder be 17, the quotient 610, and the dividend 45,767, what is the divisor?

II. PERCENTAGE

Terms in Percentage. A clerk spends for rent 22% of his income of $2400.

You have learned that percentage is a method of reckoning by the hundredths. Therefore, this clerk spends for rent 22 cents out of every 100 cents that he earns.

$2400 is called the base. It is the amount upon which the percentage is figured.

22%, the number of the hundredths considered, is called the rate or the rate per cent. When you multiply the base by the rate, you obtain the percentage.

How do you find the rate when you know the base and the percentage?

ORAL EXERCISE

1. Explain what is meant by saying that, at a sale, bedroom furniture is reduced 331%. 2. The price of oil has risen 8%. Express this in terms of hundredths instead of percentage. In terms of dollars and cents.

3. 50 girls were registered in a class. 10% of them were absent. Say it in terms other than of percentage.

4. An agent bought a farm very cheaply and sold it at a profit of 100%. Say it in terms of dollars.

5. A clerk's salary was $1200 a year. If it is raised 50%, how much does he receive now?

Changing Common Fractions to Per Cents.

To change a decimal to a per cent, move the decimal point two places to the right and add the per cent sign.

To change a per cent to a decimal, move the two places to the left, and omit the per cent sign.

WRITTEN EXERCISE

Write as decimals, integers, or mixed decimals:

decimal point

In the drill above, you employed the common fraction equivalent. In many cases it is not possible to do this.

1. The population of a town which contained 5650 persons was increased 8% by the erection of a large factory. Find the population after this increase:

Use decimal or common fractions:

1. The wear and tear on a trolley car reduces its value 12% in a year. If a car costs $5400, what is it worth after a year of service?

2. A dealer, having $1260 to invest, spent 25% of it for cloth at 75¢ a yd. How many yd. did he buy?

3. An auctioneer sold the furnishings of a house for $7224. If his charges were 5%, how much did the owner of the furniture receive?