CASE II.

To know how a commodity must be sold, to gain or lofe fo much per cent.

RULE. AS 100l. is to the price; fo is 100l. with the profit added or lofs fubtracted, to the gaining or lofing price.

EXAMPLES.

1. If I buy a quantity of ferge, at 5s. per yard; how muft I fell it per yard to gain 131. 6s. 8d. per cent ?

2. If a barrel of powder coft 41. how muft it be fold to lose 10 per cent. ?

3. Bought cloth at 15s. per yard, which not proving fo good as I expected, I am content to lofe 171. per cent. by it; how muft I fell it per yard?

£. s. £. s. d.

As 100: 15824:12 41 Anf. 125. 41⁄2d.

4. If 120lb. of steel coft 71.; how must I fell it per lb. to gain 151. per cent. ? lb. £. lb. s. d.

£. s. d. £. s. d. 100:1 2:: 11521 : 1 4

(per lb. Anf.

5. Bought fish in Newburyport, at 10s. per quintal, and fold it at Philadelphia at 17s. 6d. per quintal; now, allowing the charges to be 2s. 6d. per quintal, and confidering I must loofe 201. per cent. by remitting my money home ; what do I gain per cent.?

s. d.

Selling price 176 Philadelphia currency per quintal. Charges = 26 Ditto.

17 o Ditto.

£.. S. L. S.

As 100: 15: 80: 12 New England currency.

Sold at 12s. per quintal.

Bought at Ios. per quintal.

S. S. £. £.

Gained 2s. per quintal-As 10 : 2 :: 100: 20 per (cent. gained, Anf. 6. Bought 50 gallons of brandy, at 4s per gallon, but, by accident, 10 gallons leaked out; at

what

what rate must I fell the remainder per gallon, to gain upon the whole prime coft, at the rate of £10 per cent. ? Gal. £. Gal. s.

50 gall. at 4s. per gall.10 As 40: 10 :: 1:5

10 gallons leaked out.

£. s. £. S. d.

As 1005 110:5 6 Anf.

40 gallons remain

CASE III.

When there is gained or loft per cent. what the commodity coft.

To know

RULE. AS100, with the gain per cent. added, or lofs per cent. fubtracted, is to the price; fo is £100 to the prime cost.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 1 yard of cloth be fold at 5s. 8d. and there is gained 13 6 8 per cent; what did the yard coft? £. s. d. s. d. £.

272,00) 1360|00(5s. prime cost, Anf.
1360.

2. If 12 yards of cloth are fold at 15s per yard, and there is £7 10s. lofs per cent. in the fale; what is the prime cost of the whole?

Yd. S. Yd3. £. £. s. £. £. £. s d. As 1: 15 12: 9. As 92 10:9: 100: 9 136

(Anf.

BB

3 If

3. If 19Cwt. fugar be fold, at £4 5s. per Cwt. and I gain £15 per cent; what did it coft per Cwt. ? £. £. S. £. £. S. d

As 115:45 100: 3 13 102 Anf.

CASE IV.

If by wares fold at fuch a rate, there is so much gainTo know what would be gained or

per cent.

ed or loft
loft per cent. if fold at another rate.

RULE. As the first price is to £100, with the profit per cent. added, or lofs per cent. fubtracted; fo is the other price, to the gain or lofs per cent. at the other rate.

N. B. If your anfwer exceed £100, the excess is your gain per cent. but if it be lefs than £100, that deficiency is the lofs per cent.

EXAMPLES.

1. If cloth fold at 5s. 8d. per yard, be £13 6s. 8d. profit per cent.; what gain or lofs per cent. fhall I have if I fell the fame at 5s. per yard?

s.

As 5

12

d.

8

7 s. d S.

: 113

6 8:5

20

68) 136000(200,0 100-1000 Anf. I neither

136

(gain-nor lofe.

-£100

,000

2. If cloth fold at 45. per yard, be 10l. per cent. profit; what fhall I gain or lofe per cent. if fold at 3s. 6d. per yard?

S. £.

s. d. £.

As 4 110 3 6:964 £. £. £.

Then, 100-96434 per cent. lofs,

(Anf. 3. I fold a watch for 50l. and by fo doing, loft 171 per cent. whereas I ought, in trading, to have cleared 201. per cent. ; how much was it fold under its real value?

£ £ £ £. s. d. £. £. s. d. As 83: 50: 100: 60 4 94 As 100: 60 4 93 :. £.£. s. d £. s. d. £. £. s. d. 12072594 then, 72 5 94-50=22 5 94 Anf.

EQUATION OF PAYMENTS

Is the finding of a time to pay at once, feveral debts due at different times, fo that no lofs fhall be sustained by either party.

RULE 1.* Multiply each payment by the time at which it is due; then divide the fum of the products by the fam of the payments, and the quotient will be the squated time, or that required.

EXAMPLES.

1. A owes B 38cl. to be paid as follows, viz. 1001. in 6 months, 120l. in 7 months, and 160l. in 10 months; what is the equated time for the payment of the whole debt?

100

This rule is founded upon a fuppofition, that the fum of the interefts of the feveral debts, which are payable before the equated time, from their terms to that time, ought to be equal to the fum of the interefts of the debts payable after the equat ed time, from that time to their terms.