33. A farmer bought a field, valued at 150 dols., for which he gave 9 cows, valued at 14 dols. apiece, and the rest in money. How much money did he pay?. 34. What number must be added to 9 times 14, in order that the sum shall be 150? 35. If a stage travel 13 miles in the same time that a wagon travels 5 miles, how many miles will a stage travel while the wagon is travelling 65 miles? 36. Suppose that 9 bushels of wheat will fill a hogshead; how many hogsheads can be filled from a heap containing 149 bushels; and how many bushels will be left in the heap? 37. Charles and Joseph are studying arithmetic Charles is 322 examples in advance of Joseph, but Joseph performs 55 examples in a day, and Charles In how many days will J. overtake C.? 41. 38. Two men started together and travelled on the same road, at the rate of 7 miles an hour: but one of them rested 1 hour in every 3 hours, and the other rested 1 hour in every 4 hours. How far apart were they, at the end of 12 hours? 39. A drover, having 599 dollars, wishes to buy all the oven he can pay for, at 34 dollars a head, and then lay out the remainder of his money for sheep, at 3 dollars a head. How many of each must he buy? How 40. A, B, and C made up a purse of 500 dollars. A put in 16 dollars, and B put in 3 times as much. much did C put in? 41. A merchant bought 64 tons of hemp at 215 dol lars a ton. How many ten-dollar bank notes did it take to pay for the hemp? 42. A merchant paid 9600 dollars for 43 tons of hemp. At how much must he sell the hemp per ton, in order to gain 247 dollars? 43. What number must be subtracted from 7342, in order that the remainder shall be 456? 44. What number must be multiplied by 30, in order that the product shall be 2130? 45. What number must be divided by 15, in order that the quotient shall be 640? SECTION 6. FEDERAL MONEY. Federal money is the national currency of the United States. Its several denominations are, the MILL, the CENT, the DOLLAR, and the EAGLE. 10 mills are equal in value to 1 cent. 10 cents are equal to 1 dime. 10 dimes, or 100 cents, are equal to 1 dollar. In commerce, we express eagles in dollars, and dimes in cents. For example, instead of saying, 2 eagles and 5 dollars, we say, 25 dollars: and instead of saying, 3 dimes and 4 cents, we say, 34 cents. 1. How many cents are there in 86 dollars? (See method of multiplying by 100, in page 106.) 2. How many cents in 7 dollars and 58 cents? 3. How many dollars are there in 3700 cents? (See method of dividing by 100, in page 116.) 4. How many dols. and how many cts. over, in 534 cts.? This character, $, placed before a number, shows the number to express dollars. For example, $12, is 12 dollars. When dollars and cents are expressed in one sum, they are separated by a point, thus, $4.16; to be read, 4 dollars and 16 cents. Observe, there must be two places of figures for cents: therefore, if the cents be less than 10, a cipher must be placed on the left hand of the figure which expresses them. For example, 56 dollars and 9 cents is written thus, $56.09. 5. What is the whole sum of $34.25, $18.04, $142, $176.81, and 58 cents? 34.25 18.04 142 176.81 .58 $371.68 In writing these numbers for addition, we place dollars under dollars, and cents under cents. We then add up each col umn, just as we add the columns of simple numbers. Finally, we point off two figures on the right of the sum for cents, and the other figures are dollars. 6. 6. What is the sum of $57.20, $6.02, and $81.16 7. Add together $538, $1.52, $5.07, and 68 cents. 8. Add together 18 cents, $70.19, $56, and 7 cents. 9. Add together 36 dollars, 7 dollars and 45 cents, 86 cents, 130 dollars and 6 cents, and 340 dollars. 10. Add together 9 dollars, 1 dollar and 70 cents, 13 dollars and 7 cents, 50 cents, and 10 cents. 11. Add together 47 cents, 62 dollars, 9 dollars and 12 cents, 5 dollars and 5 cents, and 3 dollars. 12. Add together 37 dollars, 4 dollars and 17 cents, 96 dollars and 1 cent, 99 cents, and 2 dollars. 13. What is the expense of one quarter's schooling, allowing $19 for board, $9 for tuition, $3.75 for books, and 92 cents for stationary? 14. A sailor paid $16.35 for a hogshead of molasses, in New Orleans, and also paid $3.40 for the freight of the molasses to Boston. For how much must he sell it in Boston, in order to gain $4? 15. Subtract $4.35 from $6.48; taking cents from cents, and dollars from dollars. 16. Subtract $7.18 from $48.50. 17. Subtract $251.12 from $546.18. 18. Subtract $47.56 from $319. 319.00 47.56 $271.44 In writing these sums of money for subtraction, we supply the places of cents in the greater sum, by ciphers, and then proceed to subtract. When either of the sums of Federal money presented for subtraction has no cents expressed, the places of cents may be supplied by two ciphers. 19. Subtract $654 from $783.48. 25. What is the difference between $3.06, and $9? 26. What is the difference between $6, and 7 cents? L* 27. A lady having $3, paid $1.15 for a yard of cam bric. How much money had she left? 28. A farmer sold a barrel of pork for $21.50, taking in payment a hogshead of salt at $5, and the rest in money. How much money did he receive? 29. A trader began business with $648, and at the end of 2 years, ad $911.06. What did he gain? 30. A traveller having no money, sold his horse for $92.75, and his gig for $78, and then paid $17 for passage home. How much money did he bring home? 31. A jockey gave $120 for a horse, and then exchanged for another horse, receiving $15.30 for difference of value, and then exchanged again, paying $28.50. How much did the last horse cost him? 32. How much is 18 times $4.72 ? 4.72 37.76 $4.72 is the same as 472 cents: therefore we multiply it as 472 cents, and the product is 8496 cents. Now to change these cents to dollars, we must divide them by 100: this we do, by pointing off two figures for a remainder. The quotient is dollars, and the remainder is cents. 33. How much is 4 times $1.08? 34. How much is 7 times $52.31? 35. How many dollars are 8 times 75 cents? 36. How many dollars are 32 times 25 cents? 37. How much is 19 times 43 cents? 38. How much is 241 times $654.12? 39. What is the value of 6 pounds of Hyson tea, at $1.20 cents per pound? 40. What is the value of 10 yards of flannel, at 64 cents per yard? 41. What is the value of 6 hats, at $6.47 apiece? 42. What will a laborer receive for 25 days' work, at $1.15 per day? 43. How much must be paid for 30 pounds of coffee, when the price is 16 cents a pound? 14. How much must be paid for 12 drums of figs, when the price is $1.55 a drum? 45. What is the value of 147 bushels of apples, at 8 It is more convenient in this example, to make the number of bushels the multiplicand and the number of cents the multiplier. For method of reasoning, see remarks in section 5, under example 29. 46. If a man spend 23 cents a day, how much will he spend in 365 days, or 1 year? 47. What is the cost of 430 pounds of chocolate, at 20 cents per pound? 48. At 6 cents a pound, what is the value of a quarter of beef, weighing 214 pounds? 49. At $2.30, [230 cents] an acre, what is the value of 4748 acres of wild land? When the price of a single article is given in Federal money, and the value of any number of that article is required, either the price may be multiplied by the number of articles, or the number of articles by the price; the product will be the answer. 50. At $1.72 per pound, what is the value of 5 chests of tea, each chest containing 64 pounds? 51. A trader gave $5.16 a barrel for 2170 barrels of flour, and sold it so as to gain $100.50 on the whole. For how much did he sell it ? 52. A man bought 30 yards of cloth at $1.32 per yard, and 30 yards at 86 cents per yard. How much more did the first piece cost, than the last? 53. If I pay 22 cents a gallon for 72 hogsheads of molasses, each hogshead containing 63 gallons, and then sell the whole for $936, how much do I lose? 54. A man having $350, took a journey of 700 miles, paying 6 cents a mile for stage passage, and $14 for board. How much money did he bring home? 55. If a man earn $1.02 a day, and spend 36 cents a day, how much will he lay up in 75 days? 56. If a man get $8.35 for every 6 days' work, how inuch will he get by working 510 days? 57. Suppose 42 casks to contain 46 gallons of wine each, what is the value of the whole, at $1.11 per gal. ? |