29. How many are 2 times 20? 3 tirnes 20? 4 times 20; 5 times 20? 6 times 20? 7 times 20? 8 times 20? G times 20? 10 times 20? 30. If a trader make 20 cents on every pound of tes he sells, how much will he make on 5 pounds. SECTION 4. 1. An ounce is a small weight, 16 of which make a pound. How many ounces of tea are there in 3 pounds and 9 ounces of tea? Solution. In 1 pound there are 16 ounces, and in 3 pounds there are 3 times 16 ounces. 3 times 16 ounces are 48 ounces. 48 ounces and 9 ounces are 57 ounces. 2. How many ounces in 8 pounds and 4 ounces? 3. 20 penny-weights of gold make 1 ounce. many penny-weights in 4 ounces and 13 penny-weights? 4. How many penny-weights are there in 6 ounces and 9 penny-weights? How. How many 5. The brewer sells his beer by the firkin, and a firkin holds as much as 9 gallon measures. gallons are there in 10 firkins and 6 gallons? 6. In 7 firkins and 3 gallons, how many gallons? 7. 40 rods, measured by a surveyor's chain, make 1 furlong. How many rods in 3 furlongs and 17 rods? 8. In 4 furlongs and 8 rods, how many rods 9. There are 12 months in a year. How many months are there in 6 years and 6 months? 10. In 9 years and 10 months, how many nonths? 11. 4 pecks of oats, peas, beans, or any other dry commodity, make 1 bushel. How many pecks of wheat are there in 6 bushels and 3 pecks? 12. In 10 bushels and 1 peck, how many pecks? 13. 12 pence, in English money, make 1 shilling. How many pence are there in 8 shillings and 6 pence? 14. In 10 shillings and 9 pence, how many pence? 15. 10 cents, in Federal money, make 1 dime. How many cents are there in 7 dimes and 6 cents? 16. In 4 dimes and 8 cents, how many cents? 17. In 1 month there are 30 days. How many days are there in 3 months and 15 days? 78 84 90 96 102 108 114 120 7 14 21 28 35 42 49 56 63 70 77 84 91 8 16 24 32 40 48 56 64 72 80 88 9 18 27 36 45 54 63 72 81 90 99 10 20 30 98 105 112 119 126133140 96 104 112 120|128 136 144 152 160 108 117 126 135 144 153 162 171 180 When two or more numbers are multiplied together, they are called Factors; and the number arising from CHAP. V. DIVISION. SECTION 1. 1. A lady divided 15 peaches among some little girls, giving 3 to each girl. How many girls were there? Solution. As many times as 3 peaches are contained in 15 peaches, so many girls there were. 2. If you had 16 cents to lay out in pencils, and the price of the pencils were 4 cents apiece, how many could you buy for all the money? 3. How many times is 4 contained in 16? 4. If 4 horses are required to draw one wagon, how many wagons might be drawn by 20 horses? 5. How many times 4 in 20? How many are 5 times 4? 6. If a man can travel 4 nules in one hour, hours will it take him to travel 12 miles? how many 7. How many times 4 in 12? How many are 3 times 4? 8. How many yards of broadcloth, that is sold at 7 dollars a yard, can be purchased for 14 dollars? How many are 2 times 7? 10. How many lead pencils could you buy for 18 cents, if they were sold at 6 cents apiece? 9. How many times 7 in 14? 11. How many times 6 in 18? How many are 3 times 6? 12. In an orchard there are 35 trees, standing in rows, 7 trees in a row. How many rows are there? 13. How many times 7 in 35? How many are 5 times 7? 14. A man bought sheep at 4 dollars apiece, and paid for them all, 24 dollars. How many did he buy? How many are 6 times 4? 15. How many times 4 in 24? 16. A gardener set out 30 peach trees, in rows, putting 5 trees in a row. How many rows were there? 17. How many times 5 in 30? How many are 6 times 5? 18. A farmer got 36 dollars for some sheep, that he sold at 6 dollars apiece. How many were there? How many are 6 times 6? 19. How many times 6 in 36 ? 20. A trader wishes to pack 56 hats in boxes, putting 8 hats in a box:-- how many boxes are wanted ' 21. How many times 8 in 56? How many are 7 times 8? 22. How many dozen of eggs can you buy for 63 cents, when they are sold at 9 cents a dozen? 22 How many times 9 in 63? How many are 7 times 9? 24. If an orange be worth 6 cents, and a lime 1 cent, then how many oranges are 60 limes worth? 25. How many times 6 in 60? How many are 10 times 6? 26. If one silk bonnet be worth 7 handkerchiefs, how many bonnets are 56 handkerchiefs 27. How many times 7 in 56 ? worth? How many are 8 times 7? 4 bushels of wheat, 28. If I give a barrel of flour for how many barrels must I give for 36 bushels? 29. How many times 4 in 36? How many are 9 times 4? 30. If a man can build 8 rods of fence in a day, how many days will it take him to build 72 rods? 31. How many times 8 in 72? How many are 9 times 8? 32. If 5 bushels of wheat will pay for a yard of broad cloth, how many yards will 45 bushels pay for? 33. How many times 5 in 45? How many are 9 times 5? 34. Lafayette was 42 days on his passage from Toulon to New York. How many weeks was his 35. How many times 7 in 42? SECTION 2. passage? How many are 6 times 7 ? 1. Suppose 2 men have 8 biscuit to divide equally between them;-how many must each man take? Observation. There are 2 men to share the biscuit, and if there were only 2 biscuit to be divided, then 1 man would take 1 biscuit. Therefore, 1 man will now take 1 biscuit of every 2 biscuit. Solution. As many times as 2 is contained in 8, so many biscuit must each man take. 2 is contained in 8, 4 times. 2. If 12 dollars be divided equally between 2 men, how many dollars does each man receive? 3. If 18 chestnuts should be divided equally between 2 boys, how many would each boy receive? 4. A tenant cultivated a piece of corn, agreeing to give the owner of the land 1 bushel of every 2 bushels that he might raise. He raised 22 bushels. How many bushels should the owner of the land receive? 5. Suppose 3 boys have 12 oranges to divide equally between them; how many must each boy take ? Observation. If the 3 boys had only 3 oranges to divide, each boy would take 1 orange;-if they had 2 times 3 oranges, each boy would take 2 times 1 orange:—and thus, each boy will take as many times 1 orange, as there are threes in the number to be divided. Solution. As many times as 3 is contained in 12, so Imany oranges must each boy take. 3 in 12, 4 times. 6. If 15 biscuit be divided equally between 3 men, how many biscuit does 1 man receive? 7. 3 careless boys must pay 24 cents for breaking a square of glass. What must each boy pay? 8. A man set out 27 trees, in 3 rows; an equal number in each row. How many were there in one row? 9. 4 boys have 12 oranges to divide equally between them. How many will each boy receive? Observation. If the 4 boys had only 4 oranges to divide, then each boy would receive 1 orange. Therefore each boy must receive 1 orange of every 4 oranges that there are in the number to be divided. Solution. As many times as 4 is contained in 12, so many oranges will each boy receive. 4 in 12, 3 times. 10. I have 32 minutes to spend on 4 lessons. How many minutes can I spend on each lesson? 11. Suppose I wish to give 28 quills to 4 boys,-how many must I give to each boy? 12. 4 men received 20 dollars for doing a piece of work. How much was each man's share? 13. A fisherman hired a boat, agreeing to give the owner, 1 fish of every 5, that he might catch: he caught 20. How many should he give the owner? 14. If 35 pounds of beef be divided among 5 soldiers, how many pounds does each soldier receive? 15 5 men have agreed to pay equal shares of 50 dol Jars How many dollars must one man pay? |