THE COLUMBIAN CALCULATOR; BEING A PRACTICAL AND CONCISE SYSTEM OF DECIMAL ARITHMETIC, ADAPTED TO THE USE OF SCHOOLS IN THE UNITED STATES, BY ALMON TICK NOR, AUTHOR OF "THE ACCOUNTANT'S ASSISTANT," "MATHEMATICAL TABLES," ETC. "Such being the nature of Federal money, its operations can in no way be so FOURTH EDITION, REVISED AND CORRECTED. PHILADELPHIA: KAY & TROUTMAN, DANIELS & SMITH, AND W. 4. LEARY AND CO. PITTSBURGH: ELLIOTT From W. McCartney, Esq., Professor of Mathematics, Lafay ette College. MR. TICKNOR: EASTON, January 7, 1845. Dear Sir: I have looked over some of the proof-sheets of your treatise on Arithmetic, and am pleased to observe that you have introduced many practical examples in illustration of the rules. Your book is well adapted to those who desire a practical work on the subject, and is full in details and illustrations for those who are commencing the study of this science. Practical books are the kind adapted to the business transactions of the age. Very truly, yours, &c. W. McCARTNEY. From D. P. Yeomans, Professor of Chemistry and Principal of the Model School in Lafayette College. EASTON, February 1, 1845. I have examined the work entitled the "Columbian Calculator," by Mr. Ticknor, and deem it well adapted as a work on practical Arithmetic for use in common schools. The numerous examples employed to illustrate principles, will render it, in the hands of competent instructors, peculiarly valuable, to both the student and the man of business. D. P. YEOMANS. From N. Olmstead, Teacher of a Public School in Easton, Pa. EASTON, February, 1845. MR. TICKNOR : Dear Sir: From a pretty thorough examination of your system of Arithmetic, I can say without hesitation, that in my opinion it is decidedly superior, for the use of common schools, to any now in use. The currency of our country, in every sys tem of Arithmetic, should be of paramount importance; and ir this respect, I think your system may challenge competition. Yours, &c. NICHOLAS OLMSTEAD. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1846, by ALMON TICKNOR, in the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. STEREOTYPED BY REDFIELD & SAVAGE, NEW YORK, As the first edition of this work was favorably received by the public, notwithstanding its deficiency and imperfections, it is considered a sufficient inducement to enlarge and improve the present volume, and present it to those for whom it is intended, in a more perfect and acceptable form, by the introduction of a variety of rules, examples, questions, and reviews, arranged and explained in a manner that the author feels assured will meet the general approbation of the competent and unprejudiced teacher. The approbation of a majority of popular teachers and other persons of the first respectability, in relation to the arrangement and selection of suitable and instructive questions, is satisfactory evidence that the utility and merits of the work have been duly appreciated, when it is considered that the country is already abundantly supplied with Arithmetics, which have been adopted, and claim precedence and superiority over other treatises of this description. The author is now more fully confirmed in his belief than ever, that this system is the only true and correct method of communicating direct and correct instruction in the science of numbers; and the time is not far distant when this opinion will be unanimous throughout the country, that a systematic arrangement of the rules, with a thorough knowledge, both theoretically and practically, of their operations, together with a variety of well-selected, practical, rational questions for solution, is of the first importance, and absolutely necessary, in order to acquire an exact and expeditious method of calculation. As this edition embraces about 2,200 examples, or questions for solution, the belief is entertained that this number will be as many as are required or will prove beneficial for the exercise of the pupil, at the same time having in view the expense of the work, which it is desirable should be placed within the means of every one, but more particularly those who are the least able to procure works of this kind, who are the most in need, and who will eventually receive the most benefit, and they are the persons who must, and will, finally preserve and perpetuate the institutions and liberties of our country. The greatest care and diligence have been exerted to introduce such questions as would be within the range of possibility, and likely to occur in the course of business, and in adapting the language and phrase |