population, in the advantages of situation, its great canals, and in resources both from agriculture and commerce. 11. The principal rivers are the Hud'son, Mohawk, St. Law'rence, Del'aware, and Genesee'. 12. The lakes Ontario, Erie, and Champlain' lie partly in New York. Lake George (L. G.) is celebrated for its beauty. There are, besides these, many small lakes, chiefly in the western part. 13. The largest island is Long Island. 14. The most considerable mountains are the Catskill Mountains. 15. The eastern part of the state is generally hilly or mountainous, the western mostly level, or moderately un even. 16. The soil of a great portion is very fertile. 17. The mineral waters of Saratoga are the most celebrated in America. 18. The salt springs of Sali'na, (g) to the west of Utica, are very valuable, and yield great quantities of salt. 19. The Falls of Niagara (Ni-ah'ga-ra) are esteemed the grandest object of the kind in the world. The river is here three quarters of a mile in width, and the perpendicular descent of this vast body of water is upwards of 150 feet. 20. There are several other nne cataracts, as the falls of the Genesee, the Co-hoes' on the Mohawk, a little above its entrance into the Hudson, and Trenton Falls, 12 miles from Utica. 21. The Erie Canal unites the Hudson with lake Erie, and is 362 miles in length. It is the greatest work of the kind in America, and is much longer than any canal in Europe. 22. The Northern Canal unites the Hudson with lake Champlain, and is 62 miles long. 23. Albany, the seat of government, is pleasantly situated 11. What are the principal rivers? 12. The lakes? 13. Island? 14. Mountains? 15. What is said of the face of the country? 16. The soil? 17. Mineral waters? 18. Salt springs? 19. What is said of the Falls of Niagara? 20. What other falls are mentioned? 21. What is said of Erie Canal? . The Northern Cara? 23. What is said of Albany? on the Hudson, 160 miles above the city of New York, near the head of sloop navigation, and at the point where the Erie Canal unites with the river. 24. New York, the most populous city in the United States, is situated at the entrance of the Hudson into New York bay. It has an excellent harbour, is admirably situated for trade, and is the first commercial city in America, and one of the first in the world. Among its numerous public edifices are the City Hall and Columbia College. 25. Some of the other principal towns on the Hudson are, Newburgh, Poughkeepsie (Po-kep'sy), Hud'son, and Troy. 26. The three most important towns west of Albany, on the Erie Canal, are Utica, in the central part of the state; Rochester, on the Genesee; and Buffalo, at the east end of lake Erie. 27. Schenectady, Clinton (r), and Geneva, are noted for colleges; Auburn, for a theological seminary and a state prison; the post of West Point (s), on the Hudson, south of Newburgh, for a military academy. 28. Plattsburgh, on lake Champlain, is famous for a great battle during the late war: Sackett's Harbour, on lake Ontario, as a place of military encampment; Saratoga, for mineral waters, and for the surrender of Burgoyne. 29. Ticonderoga is noted for its importance in American wars; and Brooklyn, on the west end of Long Island, for the greatest defeat that the Americans sustained during the revolutionary war. NEW JERSEY. 30. New Jersey is situated partly between the Delaware and Hudson rivers, and between the states of New York 24. What is said of New York? 25. What are the other principal towns on the Hudson? 26. What are the most important towns on the canal, west of Albany? 27. What places are noted for literary institutions? 28. For what are Plattsburgh, Sackett's Harbour, and Saratoga famous ? 29. For what are Ticonderoga and Brooklyn noted? NEW JERSEY.-30. What is said of New Jersey? and Pennsylvania; and its trade centres chiefly in the cities of New York and Philadelphia. 31. The two largest rivers within the state are the Rar'itan, which passes by New Brunswick, and the Passaic, which flows by Newark. 32. The face of the country towards the coast, is very level, but in the interior, it is hilly. The soil in the level country is sandy and poor, but in the other parts fertile.. 33. Iron ore is abundant, and large quantities of iron are manufactured. 34. The principal towns are, Tren'ton, the capital, situated at the falls of the Delaware, noted for a battle in the Revolution; Newark, a very pleasant town; and New Brunswick, in which is a college. 35. Princeton is noted for its college and theological seminary; Patterson (t), for its situation near the interesting falls of the Passa'ic, and its manufactures. PENNSYLVANIA. 36. Pennsylvania is an important and powerful state, exceeding all the others with regard to manufactures, and is also distinguished for agriculture. 37. It derives its name from its illustrious founder, William Penn, a benevolent Quaker. 38. The principal rivers are the Delaware, Susquehan'nah, and Ohio, with its branches, the Monongahela and Alleghany. 39. The southeastern part is moderately uneven, the middle mountainous, and the western part diversified. 40. Much of the soil in the mountainous parts, is poor; in the other parts, it is generally excellent. 31. What are the two largest rivers within the state? 32. What is said of the face of the country and soil? 33. What ore is found? 34. What are the principal towns? 35. For what are Princeton and Patterson noted? PENNSYLVANIA. 36. What is said of Pennsylvania? 37. From whom does it derive its name ? 38. What are the principal rivers? 39. What is said of the face of the country? 40. The soil? 41. Coal is found in great abundance in the neighbour nood of Pittsburg, and on the rivers Lehigh and Schuylkill. 42. The seat of government is Harrisburg, which is a small handsome town, on the Susquehannah. 43. Philadelphia is much the largest town in Pennsylvania, and the second in size in the United States. It is pleasantly situated between the Delaware and Schuylkill, and is one of the most regularly built cities in the world. It is distinguished both for trade and manufactures. 44. Pittsburg, in the western part of the state, is noted for manufactures; Lan'caster, in the interior, as a beautiful town, in a fertile and highly cultivated district. 45. Some of the other principal towns are, Reading (Red'ing), Easton, Wilkes bar-re, York, Carlisle (Car-lile'), and Chambersburg. 46. There is a university, with a distinguished medical school, at Philadelphia; colleges at Carlisle', Washington, Can'nonsburg, Mead'ville, and Eas'ton. DELAWARE. 47. Delaware, which lies on the west side of Delaware river and bay, is, next to Rhode Island, the smallest state in extent, and is distinguished for the production of flour. 48. The surface of the country is generally level. 49. The soil in the northern part, on the Delaware river, is fertile; in the southern part, sandy and poor. 50. Dover, a small town, is the seat of government. Wilmington is the largest town, and is distinguished for flour mills. 41. Where is coal found? 42. What is the seat of government? 43. What is said of Philadelphia? 44. Pittsburg and Lancaster 45. What are some of the other principal towns? 46. In what places are there literary seminaries? DELAWARE.-47. What is said of Delaware? face? 49. The soil? 50. What are the chief towns? 48. Of the sur Questions relating to the Middle States, en the Map of the United States. New York.-1. What lakes border on the state of New York? 2. What river forms a part of its NW. boundary? SOUTHERN STATES. 1 The Southern States consist of Maryland, Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana. 2. Some of the principal rivers are the Potomac, James, Savannah, Alabama, and Mississip'pi. 3. Where is Hudson river? 4. Where does the Mohawk flow into it? 5. Where is the Genesee? 6. The Falls of Niagara? 7. What river and lake are connected by the Erie Canal? S. What are connected by the Northern Canal? 9. Where is Long Island? 10. How is the city of New York situated? 11. Albany? 12. Utica? 13. Rochester? 14. Buffalo? 15. Ithaca? 16. Sackett's Harbour? 17. Ogdensburg? 18. Plattsburg? Saratoga? 19. 20. What towns are on the Hudson? 21. On the Erie Canal? 22. On lake Ontario? New Jersey.-23. What river separates New Jersey from Penn sylvania? 24. What divides it from New York? 25. What cape forms the south end of New Jersey? 26. How is Trenton situated? 27. Newark? 28. What towns lie between Newark and Trenton ? Pennsylvania.-29. What river flows on the east side of Pennsylvania? 30. What large river flows through the state? 31. What river is formed by the two branches in the western part? 32. What great lake borders on the northwest corner? 33. How is Philadelphia situated? 34. Harrisburg? 35. Lancaster? 36. Pittsburg? 37. Erie ? 38. Reading? 39 Carlisle? 40. Easton? 41. Wilkesbarre ? 42. What towns are in the southern part of the state? 43. What towns towards the southwest? 44. In the northwest? Delaware. 45. What bay separates Delaware from New Jersey? 46. What cape is situated in the southeast part of Delaware? 47. How is Dover situated? 48. Wilmington? QUESTIONS.-SOUTHERN STATES. 1. What are the Southern States? |