Diejenigen, die stolz sind, sind auch närrisch. Stirn, f. forehead; Verlassen, forsaken, m. vine left; Weinberg, yard; Wohnhaus, n. dwelling. We love those, who (that) love LS. I have the hat, that I (have) had yesterday. You have the apples, that are ripe, and I have those that are green. He, whom I seek, is not here. He, whose stick I have, is sick. She, to whom the mother is going, is sick. They (or those) that are proud, are likewise foolish. 1. Welches Kind liebt der Dheim? 2. Er liebt dasjenige, welches er lebt. 3. Welches Kind liebt den Oheim? 4. Dasjenige, welches er liebt, licht ihn. 5. Welchen Hut haben Sie? 6. Ich habe denjenigen, welchen Ihr Herr (Sect 17. V.) Bruder gehabt hat. 7. Welchen Knaben liebt der Vater? 8. Er liebt denjenigen, welchen die Mutter lobt. 9. Welcher Knabe liebt die Mutter? 10. Derjenige, welchen ter Vater lebt. 11. Welches Pferd hat Ihr Bruder gekauft? 12. Er hat dasjenige gefaust, welches Sie gestern gehabt haben (Sect. 18. VIII.) 13. Welchen Mann Loben Sie? 14. Ich loke denjenigen, deffen Sohn Sie lieben. 15. Welche Bücher haben Sie gekauft? 16. Ich habe diejenigen gekaust, welche mein Bruter in den (Sect. 17. III.) Händen gehabt hat. 17. Wessen Bücher Haben Sie? 18. Ich habe die Bücher derjenigen Knaben, deren Hüte Sie haben. 19. Diejenigen, welche lasterhaft find, haben keinen Frieten des Herzens. 20. Derjenige, welcher die Narbe an der Stirne hat, ist der alte Amtmann. 21. Dasjenige ist gut, was (§ 65. 5.) nüglich ist. 22. Dice Männer sind dieselken, deren Scheunen, Ställe und Wohnhäuser Sie gestern gesehen haben. 23. Der Arbeiter in dem Weinberge desjenigen, welcher den legten Lehn gibt, find wenige. 24. Der Einsterler jener Kapelle ist ein Freund derer (III), tie hülfles und verlassen sind. 25. Der (III.) ist meile, der tugenthast ist. QUESTIONS. 1. In compound sentences connected with a relative, where does the verb stand? 2. Is the verb, in English, when used with a relative in the nominative, placed as in German? 3. When is it so placed? 4. In compound sentences 5. What of the auxiliwhat is the position of the main verb? ary? 6. Examples? 7. What is the position of the verb when the second of the two connected clauses is introduced by a conjunction or an adverb? 8. To what does berjenige always point? 9. Of what compounded and how declined? 10. Like what is 11. What is ter in the the genitive of welcher as a relative? genitive plural, when substituted for derjenige? 12. To what does the use of derjenige often correspond? 13. Examples? LESSONS IN NATURAL HISTORY.-No. VIII. THE FOX. The [Order CARNIVORA, species CANIS VULPES.] THOUGH the habits of the fox are generally known, an acquaintance with his structure is less common. He is larger and stronger when found in hilly, than in flat, districts. average length of the head and body is two feet four inches; of the tail, or "brush," as sportsmen call it, one foot four inches. His general colour is the tawny, usually termed fulvous, with a combination of white and black distributed in different proportions, over various parts of the body. The shoulders are reddish-gray; the throat and chest are gray; the belly, the inner surface of the limbs, the cheeks, the upper lip, and the tip of the tail are white; a black mark runs along from the eye to the mouth; while the anterior part of the limbs, and the back of the ears, are black. His offensive smell comes from the secretion of a gland under the tail. The fox is remarkable for the brilliancy and expression of his eye, which evinces much intelligence. His senses of hearing and and deeper than in summer, the fulvous becoming grizzled. of smell are exquisitely perfect. In winter his fur is fuller A grizzled tone pervades the whole, when the fox, escaping from the dangers to which he is generally exposed, is permitted to reach old age. He is not confined to particular districts, but is an inhabitant of almost every temperate country on the sometimes applied to man-"Crafty as a fox." face of the globe, and every where maintains his character Of his cunning he gives evidence in the choice of a dwelling-place. Not unfrequently he appropriates to himself the burrow of a badger, or a rabbit, easily enlarging it for his own convenience. At other times he excavates a burrow in some secluded place, generally on the edge of a forest or copse, but always in a situation abounding with his favourite food. Accordingly he displays his strong preference for the neighbourhood of a warren, a preserve of game, or a farm-yard; especially if his concealment be favoured by tangled brushwood, with rough and broken ground. Often he dwells in a place where we should not commonly expect he would be found. We have heard of a stock of poultry being sadly thinned by a fox, and of search being made for its burrow in vain, till it was accidentally discovered, not at some considerable distance from the dwelling-house, but actually in a part of the garden appropriated to pea-sticks, and various kinds of rubbish. Thus he lived, quite unmolested, in the very centre of the area of his depredations. In his burrow, often called his "earth," the fox usually secludes himself during the day. But when dusk is coming on, he leaves his dwelling-place with an appearance strikingly expressive of his actual disposition. His sharp ears and muzzle, his oblique eye with a linear pupil adapted to his nocturnal habits, his peculiar curl of the upper lip, showing the canine teeth, and especially obvious when he is excited and ready to snap at his prey; all indicate his cunning, vigilance, and ferocity. Warily does he examine the limits of the farm-yard, and become acquainted with its sheds and buildings. Does he reach a high wall? Over this he instantly Literally "Wine-mountain ;" so called because most vine-bounds. Are palings in his way? Under these he stealthily yards in Germany are upon hills or smaller mountains; the sunny sides of these being much more favourable to the growth of the vine. † Translate, "Because I it to him had promised." creeps. With noiseless tread he enters the poultry-house, often seizing on his victim without disturbing the rest, but sometimes putting all to death, as he provides for his future, as well as for his present, appetite. For poultry the fox, has, indeed, a strong liking. Not | many years ago, a mischievous person unchained, during the night, a tame fox that was confined in a courtyard belonging to Mr. Wilcox, at Hatfield, in Hertfordshire. Reynard, finding himself at liberty, was not long in making his way out of the premises, and proceeding but a short distance, he discovered a hen-roost, and destroyed thirteen fine fowls, which he dragged to his box. The crafty thief, not being contented with such an enormous booty, went a little farther, and found a quantity of fine ducks, seven of which he killed; and leaving six of them heaped up together, he brought the other home, and was detected entering the courtyard with his prey. Rabbits, too, are a favourite food with the fox; and, failing these, he is quite content to regale himself on pheasants and partridges. For want of better food he will destroy serpents, lizards, toads, moles, frogs, rats, and mice; and when greatly pressed by hunger, he will feed on roots, or other vegetable substances, as a last resource. On the continent he finds even greater luxuries than in England; there he visits the vineyards when the fruit is ripe, its sweetness being, no doubt, very grateful to his nice palate, and commits the most serious ravages. He is also said, by Buffon, to be fond of honey, and will boldly attack hives and wild bees' nests, frequently robbing them of. their stores, but not always with impunity; for, issuing from their castles, the enraged insects fasten on the invader, and compel him to retire. When they stick to his back, he takes his revenge by rolling on the ground and crushing them to death; then, returning to the charge, he devours the wax as well as the honey. Not only is it said that the fox will eat shrimps, lining it with dry leaves, moss, and hay. For her young she strongly manifests her maternal anxiety, employing every artifice to conceal them from discovery, defending them with indomitable courage, and, if she suspects her retreat to be known, carrying them away, one by one, to a place of safety. Some years ago, a fox was fairly hallooed from its hidingplace, amidst a ledge of rocks, high, secluded, and apparently inaccessible, yet, withal, conveniently situated for those nightly forays, by which he had laid half the henroosts of the district under repeated contribution. As the hounds were at hand, the fox bounded away through bush and brake, and so far distanced his pursuers, that they had the prospect of a longcontinued chase. But it was gradually found that violent exertions were exhausting his energy, and the increased yelling of the pack showed that it was every moment gaining on the enemy. At this juncture, a gentleman who rode foremost in the chase, observed the animal pause, look round, and then bound away with seemingly fresh vigour, and at a greatly increased speed. Struck by this circumstance, he rode up to the spot, and there found a very young cub, which the affectionate mother had carried at least two miles in her teeth, and only abandoned at the very last extremity. Situated as they THE FOX. crabs, and other shell-fish, but that he will resort to a singular device to obtain some of the finny tribes. Observing an otter enter the water to fish, he will place himself behind a bush or a stone, and there lie concealed till he sees the otter safely on shore. Instantly he makes a violent spring at the booty, which surprises and frightens the otter so much, that he rushes into the water, leaving the fish behind. His cunning, however, like that of human beings, is often void of success. We mention one of many instances. A farmer in Essex having suffered much from the depredations of a fox, determined to lay wait for him. Well-knowing his track, he took his stand on a fine moonlight night, and soon espied him padding along a clover-field, with a young goose which he had just stolen, slung across his neck. At the moment the gun was levelled Reynard caught sight of a hare, feeding a little on one side, and nearer to the farmer. Dropping, therefore, the goose, he began some curious gambols, rolling over and over on the ground, and jumping up into the air, but gradually getting nearer to poor puss, who was totally unconscious that so wily an enemy was just at hand. At length the crisis came with one enormous spring he captured the hare; but the moment of his triumph was his last; the farmer shot the fox, and then carried home his double prize, not forgetting the goose. On the female devolves all the labour of rearing the cubs, for which she prepares a nest at the bottom of her burrow, were, the party had no means of restoring the cub, but as a reward for the fidelity of the mother the whipper-in was immediately ordered to call off the dogs, and recommence the sports of the day in a totally different quarter. The cubs of the fox are very playful. Like the puppies and kittens we have often seen, they are fond of endeavouring to catch their own tails, turning round and round in the attempt. At about the age of four | months they leave the mother's protection, and look after themselves. If a fox be taken at the earliest age, and brought up in confinement, with every kindness, it will still retain its suspicious character, and though it may, perhaps, show some familiarity with the person who attends it, it will never manifest the attachment or gratitude of the dog, and will either conceal itself on the approach of strangers, or repel any advances with a bite. A fox is, in fact, a wild animal, and not to be domesticated. So dear to him is liberty that if one of his legs be caught in a trap, he will bite it off to effect his deliverance. LESSONS IN ENGLISH.-No. XIII. By JOHN R. BEARD, D.D. DERIVATION: PREFIXES (continued). IN the preceding prefixes and quotations, we may find a species of indirect history. The facts I have set forth in connexion with them, show us how much ours is a composite language, a language that is, like the composite order in architecture, made up of ele ments derived from different sources. The facts also inform us that the English nation has been closely connected with the French, and so is much indebted to the ancient Latins. To the corrupt Latin of the middle ages, we are also obviously indebted; and from the Greek tongue we have derived words and parts of words, Nor And therefore to our weaker view O'erlaid with black, staid Wisdom's hue." Milton, "Il Penseroso." Meta, of Greek origin, signifying after, and denoting change, transference, is found in metaphor (phero, Gr. I bear), a figure of speech in which there is a transference of the literal meaning of the word. Words originally represented objects of sense. It is only by accommodation or transference that the word which set forth some sensible objects has come to denote a state of mind or feeling. Thus acute, which now describes a shrewd, clever mind, properly signifies sharp, piercing-from the Latin acu, a needle. In this view, all words now applied to mental or moral phenomena, contain metaphors. Instances may be given in reflect (re, Lat. back; and flecto, I bend); abstract (ab, Lat. from; and traho, I draw), conceive (cum with, and capio, Lat. I take); and of course their corresponding nouns: also, in hard (hard-heart), open (open disposition), light (light-hearted). The term metaphor, however, is specially given to more marked and striking, not to say artificial instances of transference, on the ground of some real or supposed resemblance between the material and the mental objects. Thus, the sun is termed the king of day; and the moon, the queen of "An horn is the hieroglyphick of authority, power, and dignity, and in this metaphor is often used in Scripture."-Brown, "Vulgar Errors." Meta forms the two first syllables of metaphysics (in Greek, meta ta physica, after the physics). The force of the word will be learnt in these quotations : have Italy and Spain failed to contribute to the enrichment of our language. In historical or genealogical relations, we Englishmen of this day are connected with the Norman baron as well as the Saxon churl; with the monk and the schoolmen, no less than with the conquerors of the world; and may fancy the line of our relationship to stretch from the Thames to the Rhine, and from the Rhine even to the Indus and the Ganges. If every sentence that has been written to convey to the world a history of England had totally perished, still scholars out of the fossil remains of the nation discoverable in its words, would, after the manner of the geologists, be able to reproduce the great outlines of our English life. Even single words are full of the elements of history. Those elements are often beneath the surface; at least they are not obvious to the common eye. I give you, however, an instance, the historical value of which is clear to all. When, in the early part of the reign of Charles the First, the Puritan party began to rise against the royal authority, the more demure members of the party wore their hair cropt so close and short, as, in contrast with the full and flowing locks of the courtiers, to give their heads the appearance of so many bowls. Queen Henrietta Maria, the spouse of Charles, observing this marked peculiarity graphically as well as wittily, termed them roundheads. The particular occasion was the fol-night. lowing:-"Samuel Barnadiston, a noted republican, was, in his youth, the leader of a deputation of London apprentices, for the purpose of communicating to parliament their notions regarding civil and religious government. The queen, who saw this possé arrive at Whitehall, then first noticed the extraordinary roundness of their closely-clipped heads, and saw at the same time that Samuel was a personable apprentice; upon which she exclaimed, 'La! what a handsome young roundhead!' The exactness of the descriptive appellation fixed it at once as a party name; roundheads they were called from that moment, and roundheads they "From this part of Aristotle's logic, there is an easy transition to will remain while history endures."* You thus see that the term what has been called his metaphysics; a name unknown to the author • Roundhead" contains a history. It also paints a picture. himself, and given to his most abstract philosophical works by his In roundhead we possess an historical picture; and the pic-editors, from an opinion that these books ought to be studied immeture which it paints all can appreciate. Why? Because the diately after his physics, or treatises on natural philosophy."-Gillies, word consists of Saxon terms, nursery terms. Translate the 'Analysis of Aristotle's Works." Saxon into Latin, rotunda capita, and so far from painting a picture, the term does not convey any meaning to the mere English scholar. If, then, you would be understood by the people, use words of Saxon origin. But if you would be well acquainted with the English language, study its Latin, and generally its foreign elements, as these are they with which you do not become familiar in the nursery, and which consequently present difficulties, and obstruct the pathway to knowledge. These remarks suggest reasons why we are entering so fully into the composition of English words. Magn, of Latin origin (magnus, great), in the forms magna, and magni, enters into the composition of the following words: magnanimity (animus, Lat. mind), greatness of mind; magnify (facio, Lat. I make), to make great, extol; magniloquence (loquor, Lat. I speak), great talk. Magnify is connected with the words magnificence, magnificent, magnifier. From magnus, great, comes also magnitude. 66 To these, thy naval streams, Dyer. Mal, or male, of Latin origin (malum, evil), forms a set of words That guilty creatures sitting at a play, Shakspeare, "Hamlet." Melan, of Greek origin (melas, black), to disorder, presents itself in melancholy (literally, black bile), whence it was thought came habitual sadness. "But hail, thou goddess, sage and holy, Hail divinest melancholy, Whose saintly visage is too bright To hit the sense of human sight; "The one part which is physic (physics, relating to matter) inquireth and handleth the material and efficient causes; and the other, which is metaphysie (metaphysics, the plural is now generally used) handleth the formal and final causes.-Bacon, "Advancement of Learning." Meta also enters into the Greek word metempsychosis (em, in, and psyche, the soul), the passage of the soul from one body to another. "The souls of usurers after their death, Lucan affirms to be metempsychosed, or translated into the bodies of asses, and there remain certain years, for poor men to take their pennyworth out of their bones." -Peacham. Meter, metro, a mother, of Greek origin, enters as the first two syllables into the word metropolis (polis, Gr. a city), a mothercity, the capital of a country, the chief city of a province. "By consent of all churches, the precedency in each province was assigned to the bishop of the metropolis, who was called the first bishop, the metropolitan.”—Barrow. Micro, of Greek origin (mikros, Gr. little) is seen in microcosm (kosmos, Gr. the world),—that is, a little world. "Because in the little frame of man's body there is a representation of the universal, and (by allusion) a kind of participation of all the parts there, therefore was man called microcosmos, or the little world." -Raleigh, "History of the World." Micro appears also in microscope (skopeo, Gr. I look at, see). "The works of art do not bear a nice microscopical inspection; but the more helps are used, and the more nicely you pry into natural produetions, the more do you discover of the fine mechanism of nature." -Berkeley, "Siris." Mid, of Saxon origin (compare middle), halfway, makes a part of several English words, as midland, midnight, midday, midship, midsummer; the meaning of which is very plain. Midriff (rif, rib, Sax. division) is the diaphragm, the skin or membrane which separates the heart and lungs from the lower belly. Mid, though belonging to the Saxon, is an Indo-Germanic word. It appears in the Greek, in mesos, middle; meta, in the midst of, among; in the Latin, in medius, middle; medium, the middle, the half, the means or medium; in the German mitte, mit, with; in the Sanscrit, madhya. The term midwife is given, by Richardson, as "med-wife, a woman hired for meed or reward." But how does the meed dis "Lives of the Queens of England, by Agnes Strickland," vol. viii. tinguish the midwife? Are not all servants hired for meed or P. 92. reward? And do not all professions receive a meed or reward? Il en est du bonheur comme des montres: les moins compliquées sont celles qui se dérangent le moins.-Chamfort. Il y aurait de quoi faire bien des heureux avec tout le bonheur qui se perd en ce monde.-Levis. N'entretenez pas de votre bonheur un homme moins heureux que vous.-Pythagore. On n'est jamais si heureux ni si malheureux qu'on s'imagine. La Rochefoucauld. A mesurer le bonheur des hommes seulement par le nombre et la vivacité des plaisirs qu'ils ont dans le cours de leur vie, peut-être y a-t-il un assez grand nombre de conditions assez égales, quoique fort différentes. Celui qui a le moins de plaisirs les sent plus vivement, il en sent une infinité que les autres ne sentent plus ou n'ont jamais sentis, et à cet égard la nature fait assez son devoir de mère commune.-Fontenelle. Si l'on vouloit n'être qu'heureux, cela serait bientôt fait; mais on veut être plus heureux que les autres; et cela est presque toujours difficile, parce que nous croyons les autres plus heureux qu'ils ne sont.-Montesquieu. CAPRICIEUX. Il se multiplie autant de fois qu'il a de nouveaux goûts et de manières différentes, il est à chaque moment ce qu'il n'était point, et il va être bientôt ce qu'il n'a jamais été; il se succède à luimême. Ne demandez pas de quelle complexion il est, mais quelles sont ses complexions; ni de quelle humeur, mais combien il a de sortes d'humeurs.-La Bruyère. CARACTERE. Quiconque n'a pas de caractère n'est pas un homme, c'est une chose.-Chamfort. Diseur de bons mots, mauvais caractère.-Pascal. CHARITE. Celui-là est vraiment grand qui a une grande charité.-Thomas a-Kempis. Faites part de votre pain à celui qui a faim, et faites entrer en votre maison les pauvres qui ne savent où se se retirer: lorsque vous verrez un homme nu, revêtez-le, et ne méprisez point votre propre chair.-Isaïe. Celui qui ferme l'oreille au cri du pauvre criera lui-même, et il ne sera point écouté.-Salomon. pères et aux pédants de fouetter les enfants et les châtier, étant en colère? Ce n'est plus correction, c'est vengeance. Le châtiment tient lieu de médecine aux enfants, et souffririons-nous un médecin qui fut animé et courroucé contre son patient?-Montaigne. Quand Socrate était en colère, c'était alors qu'il parlait et plus rarement et plus doucement: on voyait bien qu'il était ému; mais on voyait aussi qu'il se rendait maitre de sa passion.-Plutarque. Les effets de la colère ressemblent à la chute dune maison qui en tombant sur une autre, se brise elle-même.-Sénèque. La colère commence par la folie et finit par le repentir.-Maximes des Orientaux. La force ne consiste pas à renverser un ennemi par terre, mais à dompter sa colère.-Ibidem. COMMERCE. Il n'y a pas de membres plus utiles à la société que les commer. çants; ils unissent les hommes par un trafic mutuel; ils distribuent les dons de la nature; ils occupent les pauvres, et remplissent les désirs des riches.-Raynal. Ce sont les gains légers qui rendent la bourse pesante; car les petits gains reviennent souvent, au lieu que les grands arrivent rarement.-Bacon. COMPLAISANCE. La complaisance est une monnaie à l'aide de laquelle tout le la société. On vous en tient toujours compte.-Voltaire. monde peut, au défaut de moyens essentiels, payer son écot dan s Si vous voulez vous acquérir de l'autorité sans peine, soyez complaisant.-Maximes des Orientaux. CONDUITE. L'âme n'a point de secret que la conduite ne révèle.-Pensée Chinoise. Mes enfants, ne méprisez jamais personne; regareez celui qui est au-dessus de vous comme votre père; votre égal, comme votre frère; et votre inférieur, comme votre fils.-Ali, CONFIANCE. La confiance fournit plus à la conversation que l'esprit.-La LITERARY NOTICES. THE SCIENCE OF BOTANY beautifully Illustrated by upwards of Three Hundred Engravings from Drawings from Nature.-In THE ILLUSTRATED EXHIBITOR AND MAGAZINE OF ART, for September 4th, will be commenced a series of chapters on the instructive science of Botany. Each chapter will be profusely illustrated with engravings, carefully executed. These chapters on Botany will not interfere with the general character of the work, which contains first-class engravings, including portraits and specimens of the works of the great masters, in painting, sculpture, and architecture; portraits of eminent characters; views of cities, palaces, and public buildings; natural history; manufacturing processes; machinery and inventions; scientific, including the elements of design, perspective, hydraulics, the stereoscope, &c.; ornamental sculpture, needlework, &c.; with original literary articles, includ N'attristez point le cœur du pauvre, qui est déjà accablé de douleur, et ne différez point de donner à celui qui souffre.-ing biographies, descriptions of works of art, details of manufacturing Ecclésiastique. Lorsque vous faites l'aumône, que votre main gauche ne sache point ce que fait votre main droite.-Evangile. Ayez pitié même des pauvres qui se laissent aller à l'impatience et à la colère. Pensez que c'est une chose bien dure pour le malheureux de souffrir toutes les misères dans un taudis ou dans un chemin, tandis qu'à quelques pas de lui passent des hommes parfaitement vêtus et nourris.-Silvio Pellico. La charité, c'est tout le christianisme.-Bossuet. CLEMENCE. CASSELL'S SHILLING EDITION OF EUCLID.-THE ELEMENTS OF GEOMETRY, containing the First Six, and the Eleventh and Twelfth Books of Euclid, from the text of Robert Simson, M.D., Emeritus Professor of Mathematics in the University of Glasgow; with Corrections, Si votre ennemi a faim, donnez-lui à manger; s'il a soif, donnez- Annotations, and Exercises, by Robert Wallace, A.M., of the same lui à boire.-Salomon. COEUR. Les grandes pensées viennent du cœur.-Vauvenargues. COLERE. Il n'est passion qui nuise plus au raisonnement que la colère. Aucun ne ferait doute de punir de mort un juge qui, par colère, aurait condamné son crimine). Pourquoi est-il plus permis aux university, and Collegiate Tutor of the University of London, is now ready, price is. in stiff covers, or 1s. 6d. neat cloth. CASSELL'S EMIGRANT'S HANDBOOK, a Guide to the Various Fields of Emigration in all Parts of the Globe, Second Edition, with considerable Additions, and a Map of Australia, with the Gold Regions clearly marked, is now ready, price 9d. SCRIPTURE LIBRARY FOR THE YOUNG, in Shilling Volumes.-The first two volumes of this instructive series of works, "The LIFE OF JOSEPH," illustrated with sixteen choice engravings and maps, and The TABERNACLE, its PRIESTS, and SERVICES," with twelve engrav ings, are now ready. The "LIFE OF MOSES" will shortly appear. myself alone, but to be an example of perseverance and industry to my children and grandchildren." What a noble and praiseworthy feeling! It cannot, it will not, lose its reward.-PETER HAY (West Allerdean): E. FINIGAN (Manchester): Correct.-M. W. DICKSON (Dublin): Yes.-A WELL-WISHER, rates us soundly for using the subjunctive mood after the particle if!-NOVI YELSOM (Manchester) makes the extraordinary request of us, to send him songs, "lively songs with choruses," in about 50 different languages, and he will discharge the debt in postage stamps!-G. H. CHELTENHAM, is right, Strabo was a Roman writer of Greek Geography.-W. H. B. should study Cassell's Euclid, and the lectures in the P. E. together. Zumpt's Latin Grammar can be obtained of any respectable bookseller.-E. EVANS (Abergele): We cannot condescend to copy other people's plans in the management of our correspondence. Our earnest desire is to do ALL THE GOOD we can to EVERY INDIVIDUAL, believing that by so doing we shall benefit the mass in the long run; "a little leaven leaveneth the whole lump."-THOMAS KNOTT (Gateshead) is right; our religious readers should get "The Pathway;" therefore we send him to its editor for an answer to his religious question.-J. B. (Long Benton) should pronounce Montague thus: Mont-a-gue, with the emphasis on Mont, with the a short, the u long, and the e silent.-H. A. (Liverpool): In the French lessons, m. means masculine, and f. feminine.-MOLESTUS (Liverpool): The names of the cases in Latin shall be explained.-AN ASPIRANT to the profession of civil engineers, will ascertain how a person becomes a M. I. C. E. by calling at the institution, Great George-street, Westminster, and getting a copy of its rules and regulations.-C. F. P. (Dunmanway): we are obliged by his interesting communication, and shall keep it in view for the benefit of our readers. His solutions are correct.-A. ScorSMAN is too wide an appellation; never mind the arrangement of the You will see in x First, put unity under the dividend to make a fraction of it; Latin words at present, if your translation be correct. the KEY, that the same sentence is arranged two or three different ways. -E. A. B. (Bellington): His solutions to the queries, p. 223, are very then invert the divisor, and multiply the two fractions together; the result good. No. 4. is a geometrical query.-J. M. L. (Edinburgh) wishes a a(x2+2+1), ANSWERS TO CORRESPONDENTS. Our readers will please to put last month for yesterday, p. 307, col. 2, line 28; and add s to nephew, line 48. J. FAULKNER (Smethwick): Man and mankind are general terms including every individual of the human race; male and female, young and old, servant and master, king and subject, negro and negro-driver. J. J. NEWTON (Bridgewater): His solutions to the queries in No. 14, are nearly correct.-A. LEARNER (Greenock): His observations on Geometry are good: let him read our answer to J. S. (Ayrshire). His demonstration of the 47th B. I. contrary to his own maxim, depends on "Euc. B. I., 46, Cor. 2," by his own citation. This cor. is not Euclid's, but Dr. Thomson's, and even he refers to "Euc. B. I., 34, Cor. 2," for its demonstration; neither is the latter Euclid's, but Dr. Thomson's again, for he has added a demonstration. Euclid's demonstration is, therefore, on Learner's own showing, not complete. Neither is it on another ground; for, whichever of the six ways of constructing the diagram, a student happens to take, the demonstration ought to apply to that way; a thing which has not yet been satisfactorily made out on Euclid's principles, of the 47th.-A. SKERRIT (Holbrook): His solutions are correct, and very ingenious.-D. M. F. (Bradford) wishes us to put the following query: "How many acres of the earth's surface may be seen from the top of a steeple 400 feet high, the earth being perfectly spherical, and its diameter 7,920 miles."-LUPUS is right on the education of females of the middle class; it is preposterous. by A. W. (Edinburgh) wishes us to assist him in dividing 2+2+ a will then be 1 x2 This may be easily done by observing that the part of the numerator in parenthesis, is the square of the denominator; hence, dividing both terms 30 2x2-2x+1 solution to the following query: Subtract from x-1 ; which, when separated into factors -X 1 x which can be reduced to its lowest terms. Bring the fractions to a common denominator by multiplying the terms of the first by x. Subtract its numerator, then, from that of the minu x-2x+1 end, and the result is (x-1) (x-1) x-1 =1 by cancelling like terms and x (x-1) dividing-II. E. his question has been answered.-AMICUS VERITAS multiplying both numerator and denominator by x, and removing the Dictionary serve his purpose for a time.-H. B. (London): Spier's (Glasgow), who should have put VERITATIS, will find Entick's Latin ax+a for the answer x in parenthesis according to rule, you have Leap years from 1824 to 1848 inclusive Answer: 7 leap years, 19 common years, and 274 days. answer be required in days, thus: Days of 1823........ French Dictionary is a very good one.-G. (Liverpool): correct.-J. H. (Shelton): Brande's Chemistry or Graham's.-ARITHMOS (Plymouth): the brick 9 inches long, 4 broad, and 24 thick, contains 1014 cubic inches; for 944×21=1044.-GEORGE AUGUSTUS (Temple): the subject he proposes of inquiry into the meaning of proper names of persons, is both legitimate and interesting; but we doubt whether at the present stage of our progress, it would be acceptable to the majority of our readers, who seem more bent on the acquisition of positively useful 7 years knowledge, than upon that of the merely ingenious, entertaining and 19 years agreeable. In an old and valuable book, called Cruden's "Concordance 108 days. to the Holy Scriptures," you will find an explanation of the meaning of But if the all Scripture names, such as Michael; which by the way, is one of the names of the Lord Jesus Christ, he being the only archangel, or prince, chief, and ruler of angels. In some editions of Ainsworth's Latin Dictionary, you will find an explanation of non-scriptural names, such as Robert, &c. On the subject of surnames, there are also some books extant; the only one we remember at present is Buchanan on "Scottish Surnames ;" and the Lowland Scots boast of a similar origin to the Saxons, repudiating, in the matter of ancient history, all connexion with the Gael.-ALA-KOPTOU (Fulham): Malte-Brun's or Mrs. Somerville's Physical Geography are among the best, and Lyell's Geology.-J. F. S. The one rule is that one noun governs another in the genitive whatever case the former may be in; and the other is that an active verb governs the accusative. 166 2562 6935 108 9771 in all. A JERSEYMAN should read both the P. E. and the "French Lessons," republished at 6d., beginning with the latter.-R. G. (Dundee): Thanks for his solution. We intend to go as far as the diff. and integ. calculus, and the Oriental languages too; but it is really impossible to say when. The following correspondents have correctly answered the question of LEARNER, p. 288:-MISS ANN WALTON (Leeds); JOHN JAMES N. (Bridgewater); JOSEPH BAGSHAW (Willenhall); JAMES POLAND (William-street); J. B. M'COLLAN (York); 9, Un Lecteur constant, SAMUEL HOLMES (Bingley); T. H. (Durham); and others. PHILO (Berwick-upon-Tweed): Had we not inserted the solution of LEARNER'S question, p. 288, in our last Number, we should have gladly inserted that of our friend, who tells us he has done it by reason and not by rule; in order to show our readers that REASON and RULE are the same thing, or in other words, that rules are the dictates of reason. We are delighted to think that our P. E. should interest an old man 59 years of age, and that at this age he should begin to learn Latin from our pages, a thing which he has wished to do all his life, but was never able to do till the P. E. appeared. We cannot help quoting his words, as an example and encouragement to others. He says, "I Printed and Published by JOHN CASSELL, La Belle Sauvage Yard, am eagerly learning Latin, not with the expectation of benefiting A WARM FRIEND: If he will consult the previous chapter of the prophecies of Jeremiah, he will find that the princes of Judah took offence at the prophet's fidelity, and threw him into prison. Ebed-melech, an Ethiopian servant of Zedekiah, king of Judah, effected l release, and saved him from death by famine. To this pious and humane man, the prophet was sent with a special message from God, and the words to which our friend refers in the close of the thirty-ninth chayter, are to be applied not to Jeremiah, but to Ebed-melech, and are meant to assure him of his personal safety in the midst of public calamity. As to the introduction of the name of NECHO in to questions subjoined to the fourth lesson on Ancient History, it is simply a misprint, for the Apries or Pharaoh-Hophra of the text. Ludgate-hill, London.-August 28, 1852, |