Practice until you can add all the following columns in less 1. $4.39 3.64 WRITTEN EXERCISES 33. In adding numbers of two or more columns, the sum of each column should be retained in some way so that in case of error or interruption while adding any column it will not be necessary to go over all the previous columns. 5.98 7.75 29 33 25 $28.59 A convenient method often used by business men is illustrated in the margin, the sums being written on a separate piece of paper. The sums of the columns, so written, give the required sum. CAUTION. - When this method of keeping the sums of the columns is used, care should be taken not to "carry" from one column to the next. Add by grouping, and test each result by adding in the opposite direction : Exercises 2-6 have been added and tested in less than 6 minutes. Can you do better? Practice until you can add and test exercises 7-11 in less than 10 minutes : 7. 28,749 8. $537.24 9. $46.32 10. 932.468 11. 684,231 WRITTEN EXERCISES 34. 1. A dealer in poultry sold 4800 eggs in January, 2160 in February, and 6708 in March. How many eggs did he sell in the three months? 2. Add: forty-nine thousand eight hundred seventeen, twenty, thirty thousand five hundred forty-five, sixteen thousand eight hundred ninety, and six thousand twelve. 3. What is the sum of 2685 dollars 32 cents, 476 dollars 9 cents, 1020 dollars 10 cents, and 946 dollars 87 cents? 4. Westport is 127.78 mi. north of Albany and 63.13 mi. south of Rouses Point, on a railroad joining these two places. How far is it from Albany to Rouses Point? 5. A farmer sold his potatoes for $1085, wheat for $248.25, rye for $176.45, and hay for $369.50. How much did he receive for all? 6. A builder bought a lot for $584. He built a house upon it costing $4362 and a barn for $974.50. He paid $293.25 for walks, grading, and setting out trees. For how much must he sell the property to gain $775? 7. How many rods of fence are needed to inclose a field whose sides are 27.5 rods, 84.125 rods, 46.08 rods, 62.504 rods, and 18.32 rods long, respectively? 8. In 1904, the popular vote for Roosevelt was 7,624,489; for Parker, 5,082,754; for Debs, 402,286; for Swallow, 258,787; for Watson, 117,935; and for Corrigan, 32,088. What was the total vote for all candidates? 9. One year the number of foreigners entering the United States was as follows: Germans, 46,380; Italians, 193,246; Russians, 145,141; Irish, 36,142; English, 38,626; Japanese, 14,264; all other nationalities, 339,071. What was the total immigration that year? SUBTRACTION EXERCISES 35. Subtract, giving results quickly : Subtract the tens of one number from the whole of the other and then subtract the units, thus in exercise 1, "75, 35, 26." 36. The process of taking part of a number away from it, or of finding how much greater one number is than another, is called subtraction. 37. The number from which another is subtracted is called the minuend; the number subtracted is called the subtrahend. 38. The result found by subtracting is called the difference, or remainder. 39. The minuend and subtrahend must be like numbers. 40. Find the difference between 7 and 5, 7+3 and 5+3; 73 and 5 -3. How do these differences compare? Increasing or decreasing the minuend and subtrahend by the same number does not change the difference, or remainder. EXERCISES 41. 1. Mary's geography cost 75¢ and her reader 394. How much more did her geography cost than her reader? 2. Mr. Morton had $85 and spent $46 of it for a rug. How much money had he left? 3. If 74 is the minuend and 35 is the subtrahend, what is the remainder? 4. There were 34 collie dogs at a dog show. All but 18 of them belonged to Mr. Cory. How many did Mr. Cory exhibit? 5. A man earns $112 a month and spends $88 in that time. How much does he save per month? 6. How much change from a dollar bill will a boy receive who buys a ball for 69 cents? 7. Mr. Barnes has 96 sheep in three lots. In one lot there are 25 and in another 34. How many are in the third lot? 8. Find the sum of 48 and 36, and subtract it from 114. What is the remainder? 9. By selling a horse for $125 I lost $32. If I had sold it for $175, should I have gained or lost and how much? 10. Mrs. James bought a pail for 25¢ and a dozen pans for 844. How much change did she receive out of $2? Find, by subtracting the amount of the purchase from the money paid, how much change should be given: |