turned into pleasant walks, set with trees for shade and ornament. The first gate being very old, was, in 1672, pulled down and a new one of stone erected, having a lofty arch; for that the city then intended to have had a hay-market, in Little Moorfields, which design did not take effect. In the wall near, there were made three small gates or posterns; one opposite the end of Winchester-street; another against the north end of Aldermanbury; and the third near the end of Basinghall-street. Cripplegate-was so called of cripples antiently begging there, and was sometime a prison for debt or common trespasses. Aldersgate, Eldresgate-was not so called of Aldrich or Elders, that is to say, of antient men builders thereof, nor of Elder trees growing there more abundantly than in other places, as some have fancied, but from the antiquity of the gate itself (signifying the elder or older gate) as being one of the first four gates of the city, and serving for the northern parts, as Aldgate for the east. This gate having received great damage from the general fire, was repaired and beautified in 1670. Here was also a postern gate made out of the wall on the north side of the cloister of the late dissolved convent of Gray Friars, now Christ Church and Hospital. This postern was made in the sixth year of Edward VI. to pass from the said Hospital of Christ's Church to the Hospital of St. Bartholomew's in Smithfield. The rooms over this gate and postern are for the dwelling of the common cryer of the city of London for the time being. Newgate-so called as latelier built than the rest, is the fifth and principal gate. It was first built about the time of Henry I. This gate was wholly destroyed in the general conflagration in 1666, but is now rebuilt more strong and convenient. Mr. Robert Dow, merchant-taylor, in 1612, appointed the sexton or bellman of St. Sepulchres, to pronounce solemnly two exhortations to the persons condemned; for which, and for ringing the passing bell for them, as they went in the cart from Newgate to execution, he left 11. 6s. 8d. for ever. Ludgate the sixth principal gate, was repaired in 1260, and beautified with the images of Lud, and other kings. It was rebuilt in 1586. Besides these gates and posterns on the land-side of the bridge, were certain water-gates on the Thames' side, of which Belin's-gate, the largest of them, according to Geoffry of Monmouth, was built by Belin, a king of the Britons, 400 years before Christ, who called it Belin's-gate, and whose body, after his death, being burnt, the ashes, in a vessel of brass, were set on an high pinnacle of stone over the said gate. But this great antiquity, and Geoffrey's story altogether, are much doubted. CAPTAIN PARRY'S DIS- We have received a number of interesting particulars respecting a tribe of Esquimaux Indians discovered by Captain Parry, who had never had any communication with Europeans. They are copper coloured, of ordinary stature, and have long black hair, with black eyes. They seem to have no idea of war; they have no Chiefs, nor are there any individuals among them who appear to possess authority over the rest. They observe a form of marriage, but if any one is sufficiently expert in hunting or providing provisions to support two wives, there is no obstacle. They are in the habit of exchanging their wives for a time, and this practice, so far from being consi. dered disreputable, is esteemed a mark of great friendship, and it is not unfrequent to make permanent exchanges. They possess a number of large dogs, which are covered with fine soft wool instead of hair; of those Captain Parry has brought home sixteen. They have no religion, nor any conception of a Deity, but they believe in the existence of evil spirits, with which some among them, more cunning than the rest, pretend to hold intercourse. Captain Parry and his companions resided among them for several months, and acquired some knowledge of their language, which bears a strong resemblance to the Chinese. They form huts in the snow to live in, and burn oil for the purpose of obtaining light. Their dwellings are, by this process,"rendered at once warm and damp, and the transition occasioned by their coming out into the cold air is apt to produce inflammation in the lungs, which is frequently fatal. Their persons are never SATURDAY NIGHT. washed, and, on this account, during the summer, their smell is very offensive, and they are much annoyed by vermin. They make their needles and implements for hunting of bone. They seemed to value things according to their utility; and hence articles of iron and needles, of our manufacture, were highly prized by them. In number they appeared to be about 250. They had no connexion with any other tribe, but they had heard of the American Indians, and held them in great terror. MOURNING. A French writer gives a neat summary of the different observances among mankind, relative to mourning and funeral ceremonies. All the world, says he, is acquainted with the magnificence of the Roman obsequies and funeral games. The Greeks also burnt the corpses of distinguished individuals, with funeral feasts, and the lamentations of hired weepers, though they generally displayed a less sumptuous grief and a better regulated piety. The Persians buried the bodies of the dead; the Scythians ate them; the Indians enveloped them, for preservation's sake, in a sort of lacker; the Egyptians embalmed and dried them, exhibited them on festival days, placed them at their table among their guests, guarded them as their most precious possessions, and lent and borrow ed money upon these strange pledges. In our time, the custom of dancing at funerals is only practised in India and among some savage nations; but funeral entertainments still prevail in many European countries. Among others, the ceremony of interment is solemn and silent, which nevertheless does not interfere with the wish that all may be forgotten as speedily as possible. We observe more ostentatious rites for persons of consequence; their carriages follow them to the grave, and sometimes their horse is paraded, which, having been made to fast, seems to partake of the affliction of the occasion. The Orientals, from whom we borrowed this custom, went further :they made the horses in funeral processions weep, by blowing a particular powder up their nostrils! In Italy, the mourning was formerly white for women and brown for men; in China it is white; in Turkey, Syria, and Armenia, it is blue; in Egypt common In England, the king never wears But the most remarkable of all these usages is perhaps that of the people of those ancient nations who dressed themselves as women when they lost their relations, in order, it is said, that the ridicule attached to their vestments might make them ashamed of their grief. L'ALLEGRO. No. V. In the village of Harvington, be tween Evesham and Alcester, a signpost exhibited by the side of a barber's pole, thus announces the occupations of the inmate;-" James Tarrant, joiner, cabinet-maker, and builder, bricklayer, and plasterer, repairs all kinds of machinery, keeps a journeyman carpenter to do all sorts of blacksmith's work, hangs church bells, pig-killer, tooth-drawer, and hair-dresser, wellrings pigs, and splays, bellows-mender, sinker, and thatcher, jobbing-gardner. N. B. Game-keeper to the manor of Norton and Linckwick." CONCORDANCE CRUDEN. Alexander Cruden, the laborious compiler of an excellent concordance to the holy scriptures, was subject to a strange mental malady. He subsisted by correcting the press, and had a very acute judgment on literary subjects, as well as a great sense of religion; and yet he was guilty at times of such extravagancies, that his friends caused him to be confined in a madhouse. After he was liberated, he brought an action in the King's-Bench against his sister, Dr. Monro, and others, for false imprisonment. The cause was tried at Westminster Hall, July 17th, 1738, and ended with the evidence of the noted Mr. Bradbury, the dissenting minister of Pinner's Hall, who, to prove Cruden's insanity, related the following anecdote : Mr. Bradbury had one evening prepared an excellent supper for several friends; but the moment it was served on the table, Mr. Cruden made his appearance in the room heated with walking. It happened that Bradbury's favourite dish, a turkey, was smoking at one end of the table, and before the company could be seated, Cruden advanced, put back his wig, and with both his hands plunged in the gravy, began to wash his head and face over the bird, to the no small mortification of the pastor and his flock. When Mr. Bradbury had finished his story, Cruden abruptly addressed the chief justice, and said, "My lord, don't be lieve a word that man says; he is very well in the pulpit at Pinner's Hall, but he is not a proper evidence in this court." After the verdict was given, Cruden said, "I trust in God," on which the chief justice said, "I wish you had trusted more in God, and not have come hither." And that none may prevent, This true act and deed of WILLIAM JACKITT. A Dean of Canterbury, remarkable for holding a great number of church preferments, travelling slowly in his chariot to that city, was overtaken by a poor parson, who had somehow procured the loan of a good horse. The parson, en passant, bowed most respectfully to the dean, who desired him to stop, begged he would call at the Mermaid at Rochester, and order him a dinner, to be ready at a certain hour. The parson accordingly called honoured with a visit at such a time, on the host, and told him he would be how many, an please your honour?" and must provide a good dinner. "For says Boniface. "Why," replies the parson, "I can't well say how many persons the whole company will consist of, for I only saw the Dean of Canterbury, the Canon of Winchester, the Provost of Litchfield, the Rector of and one of the King's Chaplains." Orpington, the Vicar of Romney, home, which was within a few miles; The parson then proceeded to his own and the landlord began to make ample provision for the numerous guests he expected to entertain. Accordingly, when the dean arrived, a large table was set out, and the cloth laid; "How's shewn me the wrong room; this surely this?" cried his reverence, is intended for a large company."you have "An please your honour," replied the about an hour and a half ago, and told landlord, "Parson Singlechurch called me I must provide for your Honour, and the Canon of Winchester, and the Rector of Orpington, and one of the King's Chaplains too, and I don't know how many more; and so I thought, an please your honour, I'd get enough." "Oh, very well," coolly answered the Dean, who now recollected himself, "I ought to have asked Mr. Singlechurch to have stayed and dined with me." OLIVER CROMWELL'S SPEECH the dried scalp different figures and WHEN HE PUT AN END TO colours, to designate the sex and age of THE LONG PARLIAMENT. the victim, and also the manner and circumstances of the murder. It is high time for me to put an end to your sitting in this place; which ye have dishonoured by your contempt of all virtue, and defiled by your practice of every vice. Ye are a factious crew, and enemies to all good government. Ye are a pack of mercenary wretches, and would, like Esau, sell your country for a mess of pottage; and, like Judas, betray your God for a few pieces of moneys. Is there a single virtue now remaining amongst you? Is there one vice ye do not possess? Ye have no more religion than my horse. Gold is your god. Which of you have not bartered away your consciences for bribes? Is there a man amongst you that hath the least care for the good of the Commonwealth? Ye sordid prostitutes? have ye not defiled this sacred place, and turned the LORD's Temple into a den of thieves! By your immoral principles and wicked practices, ye are grown intolerably odious to the whole nation. You who were deputed here by the people to get their grievances redressed, are yourselves become their greatest grievance. Your country therefore, calls upon me to cleanse this Augean Stable, by putting a final period to your iniquitous proceedings in this house; and which, by GoD's help and the strength he hath given me, I am now come to do. I command ye, therefore, upon the peril of your lives, to depart immediately out of this place. Go! Get ye out! Make haste! Ye venal slaves begone! Sot! take away that shining bauble there, and lock up the doors. BLANKETS took their name from Thomas Blanket, who established the first manufactory for this comfortable article at Bristol, about the year 1340. THE INDIAN'S MODE OF SCALPING THEIR VICTIMS. With a knife they make a circular cut from the forehead, quite round, just above the ears, then taking hold of the skin with their teeth, they tear off the whole hairy scalp in an instant, with wonderful dexterity. This they carefully dry and preserve as a trophy, showing the number of their victims; and they have a method of painting on RAZORS. The fineness of the edge of a razor is by most people injured or destroyed by the use of the strop, so that they never can shave with any ease or comfort. The hone or razor stone ought to be kept constantly moist with oil. Soap, once proposed for giving a fine edge, is not so good as oil. When the razor has been finely honed, it should never be suffered to touch any thing, but the cheapest and best razor This is not a strop ever invented. piece of calf leather, prepared with paste or emery powder, nor any other composition, however celebrated by patent or otherwise, to roughen and hack the edge of the razor, and make it about equally fit for shaving as a butcher's knife, or a carpenter's hatchet. The best strop ever invented is the hand, moistened with its natural oil a strop which will fine the edge of your razor beyond conception, if you are careful to let it touch nothing else except the hone. To obtain the full advantage of it, however, it will be necessary not to be sparing of your labour, but to give the razor as many strokes on both sides of its edge, as Dr. Kitchener gives to munches of his mutton, when he prepares it "for its journey down the red lane,”-namely "30 or 40." THE BACHELOR'S REGISTER. At 16 years incipient palpitations are manifested towards the young ladies. 17. Much blushing and confusion occurs when addressed by a handsome woman. 18. Confidence in conversation with the ladies is much increased. 19. Become angry if treated by them as a boy. 20. Betrays great consciousness of his own charms and manliness. 21. A looking-glass becomes an indispensable piece of furniture in his dressing-room, and in some instances finds its way into the pocket. 22. Insufferable puppyism now exhibited. 23. Thinks no woman good enough to enter the marriage state with him. 24. Is caught unawares by the snares of Cupid. 25. The connection broken off from self-conceit on his part. 26. Conducts himself with airs of much superiority towards her. 27. Pays his addresses to another lady, not without hopes of mortifying the first. 28. Is mortified and frantic at being refused. 29. Rails against the fair sex in general as heartless beings. 30. Seems morose and out of humour in all conversations on matrimony. 31. Contemplates matrimony more under the influence of interest than previously. 32. Begins to consider personal beauty in a wife not so indispensible as formerly. 33. Still retains a high opinion of his attractions as a husband. 34. Consequently has the hope that he may still marry a chicken. 35. Falls deeply and violently in love with one of sventeen. 36. Au dernier desespoir ! another refusal. 37. Indulges now in every kind of dissipation. 38. Shuns the best part of the female sex, and finds some consolation for his spleen in the society of ladies of easy dispositions. 39. Suffers much remorse and mortification in so doing. 40. Begins to think he is growing old, yet still feels a fresh budding of matrimonial ideas, but no spring shoots. 41. A nice buxom young widow begins to perplex him. 42. Ventures to address her with mixed sensations of love and interest. 43. Interest prevails, which causes much cautious reflection. 44. The widow jilts him, being full as cautious as himself. 45. Becomes every day more gloomy and averse to the fair sex. 46. Gouty and nervous symptoms now begin to assail him. 47. Fears what may become of him when he gets old and infirm; but still persuades himself he is a young man. 48. Thinks living alone irksome. 49. Resolves to have a prudent young woman as housekeeper and companion. 50. A nervous affection about him, and frequent attacks of the gout. 51. Much pleased with his new housekeeper as a nurse. 52. Begins to feel some attachment to her. 53. His pride revolts at the idea of marrying her. 54. Is in great distress how to act. 55. Completely under her influence and very miserable. 56. Many painful thoughts about parting with her, and attempts to gain her on his own terms. 57. She refuses to live any longer with him solo. 58. Gouty, nervous, and bilious to excess. 59. Feels very ill, sends for her to his bedside, and promises to espouse her. 60. Grows rapidly worse, has his will made in her favour, and makes his exit in her arms. BIOGRAPHY. QUEEN ELIZABETH. Many portraits have been drawn of her majesty, but none gives a more striking picture of her real deportment, and the manners of her court, than the following extract from the Travels of Hentzner, who resided some time in this country as tutor to a young Ger man nobleman :— We "We arrived next at the Royal Palace of Greenwich, reported to have been built by Humphrey Duke of Gloucester, and to have received very magnificent additions from Henry VII. It was here Elizabeth, the present Queen was born; and here she generally resides, particularly in summer, for the delightfulness of its situation. were admitted by an order Mr. Rogers had procured from the Lord Chamberlain, into the presence chamber, hung which rich tapestry, and the floor, after the English fashion, strewed with hay*, through which the Queen commonly passes in her way to the chapel. At the door stood a gentleman dressed in velvet, with a gold chain, whose office was to introduce to the Queen any persons of distinction that came to wait on her; it was Sunday, when there is usually the greatest attendance of nobility. In the same hall were the More probably rushes. |