to think that even after death it may be sensible to the oppression. They appeared to have some crude notions of a future state; but all their ideas on these matters were so blended with superstition, that they hardly deserve to be mentioned. Two wives were possessed by several of the natives, and one is almost always much younger than the other: yet the co-partners seemed to live on very good terms with one another! The children rarely appear to be more than two, three, or four in a family: though six grown-up brothers and sisters were met with. They live to a good age. Many were above sixty years old, and in one case the great grand-mother of a child of eight years, was a healthy old woman at the head of four generations. The stature of the males is about the average of five feet, 4, 5, or 6 inches; and none exceeded five feet 10 inches. Their colour is a dirty-looking yellowish white, and their proportions by no means robust. Their snow houses are curiously shaped and constructed, resembling three immense bee-hives grouped together, and entered by one long passage by all the three families to whom these yield an abode. A trefoil affords a tolerable idea of them. They are about nine feet in diameter, and seven or eight feet in height. The passage is about twenty feet in length, and so low that you must creep along nearly on all fours, in order to reach the hut. This is ingeniously intended to exclude the cold air, which it does effectually, though widened in parts for lodging the dogs belonging to the several households, and which are stationed in the last sort of antichamber, before the entrances turn off to the right and left for the two nearest huts. The huts themselves are entirely made of square blocks of solid snow, with a larger keyblock at the top of the rotunda, The window is a piece of flat transparent ice. Round the interior runs a seat of the same material as the walls, upon which the skins of animals are thrown for seats and beds. Beds are also made of a plant on the floor. The houses are without any artificial warmth, except what is produced by a sort of oil lamp, in which they used pieces of dry moss for wicks. The Esquimaux often eat flesh in a raw state; but it is sometimes cooked, and the women almost invariably submit their food to that process. The utensils are uncommon, though simple. They consist of two vessels of stone; generally the pot-stone or lapis ollaris, also used in parts of Germany for the same purpose. The lower vessel a good deal resembles an English kitchen ash shovel; the upper one a trough, of a wide coffin form. In the first, which is filled with oil, a number of moss wicks float, and are lighted for fuel. The oil is gradually supplied from strings of fat hung up above the flames, the heat of which melts them into so many reservoirs of grease. In the second utensil, placed over the fire thus made, the meat is stewed. The natives are filthy in their eating, and hardly reject any thing, from the blubber of whale to the flesh of wolf. When hungry, they devoured the carcasses of ten or a dozen of the latter which were killed by our seamen. Their food, indeed, consisted chiefly of seal and wolves' flesh; but notwithstanding this, they appeared to be perfectly contented, nay, even happy. Their dresses were made entirely of skins, chiefly those of the rein-deer. In the beginning of their intercourse, the Esquimaux were somewhat reserved, and shy of communicating their opinions; but as their reserve wore off, they divulged a number of interesting particulars. The women, especially, were less secret than the men, who (we may here state by the by) had no hesitation in bartering their wives and daughters with the sailors, at first for so poor a bribe as a nail, or two or three beads, and at last for the price of a paltry knife, These females are not, it is true, the most lovely objects in nature. Their features are disagreeable, and they have long and harsh but exceedingly black hair. In the management of the canoe, the Esquimaux are very expert. They are amazingly light, and formed of skin over whalebone. The largest which Captain Parry obtained is twenty-six feet in length; and we observed another between decks in the Hecla, which is nineteen feet long, and only nineteen inches in width, half of which are in the depth. In these the native pursues his marine chase, and spears the fish and fowl. The spear is double-pointed with bone, about six or seven inches in length, and barbed. The shaft is of very light wood, five or six feet long, and below the handle, or part by which 1 SATURDAY NIGHT. it is thrown, are three other barbed bones, standing out a few inches from the wood, and calculated to strike the prey, should the bi-forked point miss. They kill at twenty yards distance. The bow and arrow is also employed in killing game and other wild animals. The arrows are pointed with stone, smoothed into a lance-head shape by friction against other stones. cause its evolutions with their own These particulars are chiefly drawn SKETCHES FROM LIFE. A method of catching seals (and, if we remember correctly, fish also,) through a hole in the ice, is one of the most dexterous of Esquimaux con trivances: A line is let down, at the end of which is fastened a small piece of white bone or tooth, above an inch THE long, cut into a rude fish form, and having two morsels of pyrites stuck This bait is in to resemble eyes. drawn through the water, and when seals or other prey approach to examine it, the watchful native spears them from above. The knives used by the women are curiously constructed, and as cleverly employed in skinning animals and carving victuals as the instruments of hunting are by the men. They resemble a small cheese or saddler's knife, the iron or cutting part being semi-cir. cular, and inserted in a bone handle. The whole is three or four inches long, and the edge three or four inches in breadth. With these they carve away underhanded in a very dexterous style. Spectacles are another of their articles, which struck us as curious and well-contrived. They consist of a piece of wood scraped thin, like a bandage, and perforated with two narrow hori. zontal slits, something like pig's eyes, where we would have glasses; a rim about an inch broad projects in the direction as that of a hat would; and this simple mechanical process, tied about the head, protects the eyes from the drifting snow and spiculæ, and improves the sharpness of the sight. Among the wonders carried out by our ships, the two which excited the greatest astonishment and delight in the breasts of the ignorant natives, were the loadstone, and a scaramouch of six or eight inches in length. The attraction of needles, &c. by the former, was an object of never-failing surprise; and the dancing of the latter by pulling the string between its feet, was still more a matter of never-ending delight. The Esquimaux loved much to see it made to perform; but if allowed to DAY NIGHT. PAWNBROKER'S SATUR [Continued from page 147.] What?-Don't blush, gentle readerit was her chemise!-but, whether you blush or not, such was the case;-and laying it on the counter" There," says she, "necessity obliges me to part with my bosom friend-take it; and until I can have it again in my arms, I'll make a shift to live without it." This poor emaciated creature seemed to be well known at the shop; the pledging her property gave her more pleasure than otherwise: she was inebriated; and by the strong effluvia of her breath, gave proof that she was in the habit, like the great Russian, "of inhaling the genial breezes of Geneva.” "Gin, cursed fiend! with fury fraught, Makes human race a prey; It enters by a deadly draught, And steals our life away. Its rage compels to fly, Damn'd cup! that on the vitals preys, That liquid fire contains; The next person that attracted my notice, was a working carpenter, offering his saw-he seemed in the last stage of a consumption, and trembling in every limb: when he had obtained the wretched value of his mortgage, he retired with a female companion, << a debased part of Lazarus ;" she was taking snuff, and so thoroughly intoxiL2 cated, that the Pawnbroker seemed heartily glad in getting rid of her. This worthy couple left the shop arm in arm, which made room for a modest looking girl, seemingly of the age of 17 or 18; it was with evident difficulty she could muster courage to offer her little all to the Pawnbroker; at length she placed on the counter a crownpiece. "Well," said the man, "What am I to do with this?" "Why, Sir," replied the girl, in words scarcely intelligible," I should feel obliged if you would let me have two shillings, and I will leave you this, till I bring you the two shillings back." "As for that," said the man, 66 you may have five shillings." "No, Sir, I will never part with it, for it was given me by my poor father, and nothing but the sad wants of my mother would have brought it here." She received her two shillings, and retired;-and I soon followed her; for my heart sickened at the many instances I had there witnessed of the sad frailties and miseries of mankind. Whoever wants to see Life, let them go to a Pawnbroker's on a SATURDAY NIGHT. THE GIANT'S CAUSEWAY. On the N. W. of the County of Antrim, opening into the Atlantic, is a great natural curiosity; it consists of a vast collection of basaltic pillars, extending several miles along the coast, and divided into fragments or parts of causeways. The chief causeway consists of a regular arrangement of millions of pentagonal and hexagonal columns of basaltes, a deep greyish blue coloured stone, harder than marble; the pillars are chiefly in the form of a pentagon, so closely situated on their sides, though perfectly distinct from top to bottom, that scarcely anything can be introduced between them. The columns are of an unequal height and breadth; some of the highest visible above the surface of the strand, and at the foot of the precipice, are about 20 feet; none of the principal arrangement exceeds this height; how deep they are under the surface has not yet been ascertained. This causeway extends nearly 200 yards, visible at low water, how far beyond is uncertain; from its declining appearance, however, towards the sea, it is probable it does not extend under water to a distance any thing equal to what is seen above, The breadth of the causeway, which runs out into one continued range of columns, is, in general, from 20 to 30 feet; at one place or two, it may be nearly 40 feet for a few yards. The highest part of this causeway is the narrowest, at the very foot of the impending cliff whence the whole projects, where, from four to five yards, it is from ten to fifteen feet. The columns of this narrow part incline from a perpendicular a little to the westward, and from a slope on their tops, by the very unequal height of their columns on the two sides, by which an ascent is made at the foot of the cliff from the head of one column to the next above, to the top of the causeway, which, at the distance of half-a-dozen yards from this, assumes a perpendicular position, and lowering in its general height, widens from 20 to 30 feet, and for 100 yards nearly, is always above water. The top of the columns for this length being nearly of an equal height; they form a grand and singular parade that may be easily walked on, rather inclining to the water's edge. But from high water mark, by the continued surges on every return of the tide, the platform lowers considerably, and becomes more and more uneven, so as not to be walked on but with the greatest care. At the distance of 150 yards from the cliff, it turns a little to the east for twenty or thirty yards, and then sinks into the sea. The figure of these columns is mostly pentagonal, or five-sided; some few are of three, four, and six-sided; what is very extraordinary and particularly curious is, that there are not two columns among ten thousand to be found that either have their sides equal amongst themselves, or whose figures are alike. Nor is the composition of these columns or pillars less deserving the attention of the curious spectator. They are not of one solid stone in an upright position, but composed of several short lengths curiously joined, not with flat surfaces, but articulated into each other, like a ball and a socket; the one end at the joint having a cavity, into which the convex end of the opposite is exactly fitted. The depth of the concavity is generally about three or four inches. And what is still farther remarkable of the joint, the convexity and the corresponding concavity, are not conformed to the ex ternal angular figure of SATURDAY NIGHT. of the column, but exactly round, and as large as the diameter of the column will admit; and consequently, as the angles of these columns in general are extremely unequal, the circular edges of the joint seldom coincide with more than two or three sides of the pentagonal, and from the edge of the circular parts of the joint to the exterior sides and angles, they are quite plain. It is likewise very remarkable that the articulation of these joints are frequently inverted; in some the concaviy is upwards, in others the reverse. The length also, of these particular stones, from joint to joint, is various; in general they are from eighteen to twenty inches long, and for the most part longer towards the bottom of the column than nearer the top, and the articulation of the joints somewhat deeper. The size of the columns is as different as their length and figure; in general they are from fifteen to twenty inches in diameter. There is no trace or uniformity of design throughout the whole combination, except in the form of the joint and the general pentagonal shape. What is extraordinary and curious is, that notwithstanding the universal dissimilitude of the columns, both as to their figure and diameter, and though perfectly distinct from top to bottom, yet is the whole so closely joined at all points, that there is scarcely room to introduce a knife between them either on the sides or angles. The whole exhibition of this great plan of nature, so far superior to the little things done by men, is a confused regularity and disuniformity, displaying too much diversity of plan to be all seen or comprehended at once. A considerable way along the coast, the cliffs, rising in some parts from 200 to 300 fathoms above the level of the sea, present similar appearances. At the point which bounds the bay on the east, and just above the narrowest part of the great causeway, a long collection of pillars, called the Needles, are seen, at the tops of which just appearing out of the sloping bank, plainly show them to be in an oblique position, and about half-way between the perpendicular and horizontal. These seem to have been removed from a perpendicular to their present oblique position, by the sinking or falling of the cliff. STORY OF LA TOUR Theophilus Malo Carres de la Tour D'Auvergne made the campaign of Savoy, in 1792, at the head of the gre nadiers of the regiment Angoumois, under the republic of France. In the army of the western Pyrenees he commanded all the companies of the grenadiers forming the advanced guard of the army: and this column, surnamed "The Infernal," generally gained the victory before the body of the army came up. In 1793 he commanded a reconnoitring party; on a sudden they found themselves before ten thousand Spaniards; fearless, they instantly commenced a destructive fire, but ammunition failing, he ordered them to cease firing, and halt. Some of the men instantly cried out, "He is an old royalist, and will betray us." "Soldiers," he instantly exclaimed, "you know me, I am your comrade and your friend, despise these foolish cries, I will bring you off." He waited till the enemy came within pistol shot, as they fancied he had surrendered; he then ordered his men to fire and instantly charge; the Spaniards were dispersed, and several prisoners taken. After the affair they begged him to punish the seditious; " I neither know them, nor wish to know them," was his re ply;" this lesson will be a warning to them, they will be more docile and have greater confidence another time." The government being informed of this, and several other heroic acts, gave him the rank of colonel of another regiment. On receiving it, he assembled the grenadiers, and thus addressed them:"My comrades, I want your advice and counsel;" they smiled, "it is very true," said he, "I have often given you good advice, and I now ask it of you. The government have sent me the brevet of colonel, shall I accept it, my lads, what think you?" Melancholy sat on every countenance; at length, one said, "Certainly, captain, for even a higher rank is due to your merit; but pardon our tears, we shall lose our father!" "Then, my "Satisfied is too weak a boys, you are satisfied with me?" he exclaimed. word," was the reply. "And I, too, children; I wanted to have your opimy brave lads, I love you like my own nion, I know it, I will send back my commission." "But, captain," "Not a word," he exclaimed, "I will do it; you must all dine with me to day." After they had partaken of the frugal repast, "Now," said he, "let us swear never to quit each other." He hobnobbed with every one, and the oath was repeated amidst the most tumultuous joy. He was as modest as he was brave. Napoleon, when first consul, especially created for him the title of "First Grenadier of the French Army." He alone was afflicted at the event; the word "considering" in the brevet, shocked him. "I am only proud," said he, "of serving my country; I care not a straw for praise or honour; and thus to be praised to my face I don't like; this 'considering will be the torment of my life." On the cessation of hostilities, this brave man retired to Passy; but the son of one of his friends being drawn as a conscript (the son of M. Lebrigant) he insisted on supplying his place, and as a private grenadier carried his musket and his knapsack, carefully concealing who he was. On the 21st of June, 1800, at the head of the fortysixth demi-brigade of grenadiers, he charged the enemy on the hill of Oberhausen ; and, rushing before the rest, cut down a Hulan, who bore the colours; but here the career of the brave La Tour D'Auvergne was terminated, for another stabbed him to the heart. For three days the drums were covered with crape, and on the 1st Vendemaire his sword of honour was suspended in the church of the Invalids at Puris. The forty-sixth demi-brigade carry his heart in a little leaden box, suspended to the colours of the regiment; and on every muster, his name is recalled in the following terms: La Tour D'Auvergne mort au champ d'honneur." (La Tour D'Auvergne dead to the field of honour.) LORD MAYOR'S DAY. "By this light, I do not thinke but to be Lord Mayor of London before I die; and have three pageants carried before me, be sides a ship and an unicorn." GREEN'S Tu Quosque. The inauguration of the chief magistrate of the city of London is attended with much civic festivity, and sometimes by considerable show; yet, the manner in which the LORD MAYOR'S DAY, as it is popularly called, is now observed; is not by any means comparable with the splendid pomp and symbolic pageantry that accompanied its celebration in former ages. Whilst under the dominion of "Imperial Rome," London was governed by a Præfect-in the Saxon times by a Port-reve, and after the coming of the Normans by a Port-reve and Provost jointly. The appellation of Mayor was first bestowed on Henry Fitz-Alwyn, or Fitz-Leofstan, goldsmith, a descendant of the celebrated Duke Ailwyn, Alderman of all England (and kinsman to King Edgar), who founded Ramsey Abbey. This gentleman continued to hold the office till his decease, about twenty-four years afterwards; and in the following year, (anno 1214), King John, as a means of conciliating the good-will of the citizens, granted to the "Barons of the city," as they were called in the charter, the privilege of choosing a mayor out of their own body, annally, or at their own pleasure, to "continue him in that situation from year to year.". It was requisite, however, to render this choice effective, that the new mayor should be presented to the king, or in his absence to his justice; but this condition having occasioned great expense and inconvenience, the citizens, in the 37th of Henry VIII. obtained a new charter, empowering them to present their mayor to the "Barons of the Exchequer at Westminster," when the king should not be there, and before those judges he is still sworn. Edward III. in the year 1354, granted to the city the right of having gold and silver maces carried before their principal officers; and it was probably at this period that their Magistrates was first entitled Lord Mayor, a conjecture which receives corroboration, from the circumstance of that officer being rated as an Earl, under the levies of the Capitation Tax, in 1379, at the same time the Aldermen were rated as Barons. The right of electing the mayor was formerly resident in the citizens at large when assembled in general Folkmote; yet this having been productive of great disturbances, gave rise to the more confined mode of election by delegates chosen out of each ward. This method (with some variations at different periods) continued till the year 1475, when by an act of common council, the choice both of mayor and sheriffs was vested in the mayor, aldermen, and common council, and |