advisable to precede the military expedition until the temper of the Indians was better ascertained.

"On their descent Maj. Long and Dr. Jessup saw the steam boat Expedition at Cow Island, three hundred miles short of Council Bluffs; the Johnson near the mouth of the Kanzas; and the Jefferson at the mouth of the Osage; all lying bye, and at the highest points to which they had respectively ascended. Their ladings had gone on in keel boats."

PAWNEE IN 1819

Quotes from Council Bluffs letters saying that, "The Panis live up the Platte in three bands, but perfectly united, have 2000 warriors, and are the terror of the surrounding tribes. They have never felt the arms of the U. S. and have not been very careful to avoid giving us displeasure."

Council Bluffs is "a most beautiful situation. . . . It is a fine position for a strong military post, being a point which will hold in check the Panis, Otto's, Iowa's, Maha's, and some bands of the Sioux, all living within three or four days' march and able to bring into the field four thousand warriors."'

YELLOWSTONE EXPEDITION

Nov. 24. Two letters written by James Johnson and one by R. M. Johnson, showing close collusive relations between them and the Bank of St. Louis. One undated, one January 8, 1818, the other, December 21, 1819. Also a letter from Major Thomas Biddle about the robbery of his party by the Pawnee-date, August 24, 1819.

Nov. 27. "The National Intelligencer states that the steamboat Expedition and the keel boats arrived at Cow Island on the same day, thereby intimating that they made equal progress in ascending the Missouri, when the fact was, that the keels waited several weeks at Fort Osage for the Expedition to come up.

"The troops, in their ascent, abandoned the steam boat transportation at Martin's Cantonment, and went from thence to the Council Bluffs in 23 days (270 miles) from 6th to 29th September.-They had consumed 76 days, embarrassed with steam boats, in getting from Belle Fontaine to Martin's Cantonment (from 14th June to 29th Aug.) 350 miles.

"The following is the position of the steam boats. Western Engineer, nine miles below the Cantonment, safely moored for the winter.

The Expedition, at Cow Island, in the river, and exposed to much danger, if not removed.

The Johnson, near the mouth of the Kanzas, probably safe.

The Thomas Jefferson, near the mouth of the Osage, in the river, and doomed to almost certain destruction.

"Quere: If the three latter vessels are destroyed by ice this winter, or by floods in the spring, on whom will the loss fall? The people of the United States, or the Messrs. Johnson's? The latter have them in charge, but it is believed the people built them."

June 7, 1820. "The Expedition, on her way to Council Bluffs carrying supplies to the troops, passed Boon'slick on the 8th day after leaving St. Louis, and was going on well.'

May 17, 1820. "The Missouri Packet" on her way to Council Bluffs with provisions for the troops ran against a snag some distance above Boon's-lick, bilged, and was run aground on a sand bar to prevent sinking. "The cargo is said to be saved and probably the boat." This was the first accident to a steamboat on the Missouri. This boat "was mastering the current."

Wednesday, May 24. The Expedition sailed on Saturday last (20th).

Wednesday, June 28. The Western Engineer arrived from Council Bluffs Saturday, 24th inst.

Wednesday, July 12. William Clark is a candidate for governor. McNair his opponent. The Enquirer defends him for quitting the state to visit his wife at her father's home in Virginia.

The Western Engineer sailed on an exploring expedition up the Mississippi Friday last.

Missouri Statesman, 1843.

Oct. 6.

STEAMBOATS

Iatan, regular weekly packet for St. Louis, Glasgow, and Chariton.

Tompkins, regular weekly packet for St. Louis, Boonville, Glasgow, and Chariton.

Oct. 27. Wappello, regular weekly packet for St. Louis, Glasgow, and Chariton.

EMIGRATION TO OREGON

March 15, 1844. Quotes a statement of the Independence Expositor that some Oregon emigrants have already arrived there for making preparations, and 300 to 400 of that county "design emigrating thither this spring also."

Sept. 20. "It is said that the navigation of the Missouri never was so difficult as at this time. The water is very low."

Lewis F. Linn, regular weekly packet, St. Louis, Jefferson City, Boonville, Glasgow and Brunswick.

June 6, 1845. Quotes from St. Joseph Gazette that the Frolic on the way down (from above) brought no freight of consequence on account of low water, "and had thrown away half her cabin to lighten her. She reports the river very low above, and says there will be no rise this summer from the mountains, as there is not any snow there."