*.* The next Preliminary Army Guide will be published early in September.

PRELIMINARY ARMY GUIDE.

JULY EXAMINATION, 1882.

PART I.

REVIEW OF THE LAST PRELIMINARY AND FURTHER

The

papers

EXAMINATIONS.

THE March Preliminary Examination did not present anything very formidable to the numerous candidates, excepting in the Geography paper, which was decidedly stiff and doubtless " gulfed" a great many. We would once more urge the necessity of getting up this subject thoroughly, by a systematic course of work, in which the drawing of sketch maps should form an important feature. The day for mere cram "-at all events for these Army Examinations-has completely gone by; as the very large percentage of failures for the Preliminary distinctly proves. set in the Further Sandhurst Examination were thorough and good, more especially in the English subjects. It is said that good examiners always set easy papers; and certainly on this principle the Classical Examiners on this occasion must have been very good, for the Latin and Greek papers were decidedly simple, especially in the grammar department. We must say that we think it a pity that they should have given such simple sentences to be turned into Greek, and more particularly that words like ò"by" and keλeúw “I order" should have been filled in over the English. Surely candidates who take up Greek might reasonably be expected to be beyond the need of such "helps."

We would call attention to the fact that several of the questions set in the English subjects had been given in our Test Papers printed in these Army Guides; and any candidate who had taken the trouble to work out our papers must have done very well in this department. We shall continue the course of Test Papers on the English subjects, in the hope of like success in the future.

LIST OF THE FURTHER EXAMINATION SUBJECTS
FOR CHRISTMAS, 1882.

"At the competitions for the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, and the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, to be held in December, 1882, and at the examination to be held in October, 1882, of Lieutenants of Militia

B

who are candidates for commissions in the Regular Army, the examination in English Literature will be limited to the following authors:—

Chaucer
Shakespeare

Goldsmith

Johnson

And either

(1) Burke

With Macaulay
Or (2) Napier

Knight's Tale.

Richard II.

Julius Cæsar.

Poems.

Life of Milton.

Life of Pope.

Thoughts on Present Discontents.

Essays on Boswell's Johnson, and Lord Chatham.
History of the Peninsular War-Books IX. and X.

"The examination in English History will be limited, at the candidate's choice, either to the period A.D. 1760-1790 (inclusive), or to the period A.D. 1790 to 1820 (inclusive). The candidate's reading on the period selected should include the study of that part of Bright's History which treats of it."

PART II.

TEST PAPERS ON JULIUS CÆSAR; THE KNIGHT'S TALE; AND ENGLISH HISTORY (1790-1820 A.D.).

TEST PAPER ON JULIUS CAESAR.

1. What is the date of the publication of this play? Whence did Shakespeare derive his materials for it, and what other plays has he written on similar subjects?

2. Who is the real hero of the play? Estimate the character of Cassius, and compare it with that of Brutus.

3. This play has been said to be conspicuous for its great defects and great merits. Enumerate what, in your opinion, constitute the former and the latter.

4. What opinion do you consider that Shakespeare held of the Roman mob, as illustrated in this play?

5. Describe the scene of quarrel and reconciliation between Brutus and Cassius.

6. Explain the following, referring each to its context:

This was the most unkindest cut of all.

Cry, Havoc,' and let slip the dogs of war.
I have not known when his affections swayed
More than his reason.

Why, I will see thee at Philippi, then.

I had rather be a dog, and bay the moon,
Than such a Roman.

Here wast thou bay'd, brave heart.

TEST PAPER ON THE KNIGHT'S TALE.

1. Give an outline of the Knight's Tale.

2. What is the description (a) of the character (b) of the person of Duke Theseus, as given by Chaucer?

3. How are the social and religious customs of Chaucer's time illustrated in this poem?

4. In what senses are the following words and phrases used :-Stenten ; a dedly chere; without more respite; evene joynant; me lust ful evele playe; darré; here queynte qeeres; the thridde hour inequal; in no disjoynt; torettz ?

5. Explain the following, with reference to the context:

For par amour I lovede hir first er thow.

Now in the croppe, now doun in the breres.

He mot go pypen in an ivy leef.

In which ther ran a swymbel in a swough.

That one Puella, that other Rubens.

For those three formës that thou hast in thee.

TEST PAPER IN ENGLISH HISTORY (1790-1820).

1. "The French Revolution retarded, not advanced, progress for thirty or forty years." Discuss the justice of this remark.

2. Enumerate the various parties into whose hands the French Revolution successively fell, and trace the influence of each on Continental politics.

3. What circumstances made the Act of Union with Ireland a political necessity? What changes in the peerage took place under that Act?

4. Discuss constitutionally the period of Pitt's administration, and show that it was the culminating point of George III.'s absolutist views of government.

5. Criticise the conduct of Napoleon towards conquered kingdoms, and distinguish clearly between the character of the war before and after the Peace of Amiens.

6. What influence had the Catholic claims on ministries during this period?

7. Explain clearly the economic fallacies under which the Government laboured during this period, and show the influence which these exercised on the discontent and sedition of the time.

8. What constituted the importance of the Peace of Tilsit? What circumstances led to its completion?

9. Discuss the justice of the charges made against Lord Melville.

(In the next Guide (No. 5) some Test Papers will be given on the rest of the English subjects for the Christmas Examination.)

PART III.

CORRESPONDENCE, &c.

TIRO. A deduction of 250 marks is made from every subject excepting Mathematics.

ARATUS. The 'Geography Made Easy' is published by Reeves and Turner, 100, Chancery Lane, W.C. Price 38. 6d.

P. S.-A list of the subjects set for the Further Examination is given in this Guide (ad in.).

NEMO. A full account of our Postal System of Tuition will be found on pp. 1, 2 of the Preliminary Army Guide, No. 1.

PART IV.

THE QUESTIONS SET IN THE PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION OF JULY, 1882, FOLLOWED BY THE ANSWERS.

FRENCH.

Thursday, 13th July, 1882. 10 A.M.-12.30 P.M.

[Including Grammatical Questions and English Dictation.]

Translate into English:

I.
MARAT.

Un autre journaliste avait acquis une effrayante célébrité; c'était Marat, connu sous le nom de l'Ami du peuple, et devenu, par ses provocations au meurtre, un objet d'horreur pour tous les hommes qui conservaient encore quelque modération. Né à Neuchâtel, et livré à l'étude des sciences physiques et médicales, il avait attaqué avec audace les systèmes les mieux établis, et avait prouvé une activité d'esprit pour ainsi dire convulsive. Il était médecin dans les écuries du comte d'Artois. Lorsque la révolution commença, il se précipita sans hésiter dans cette nouvelle carrière, et se fit bientôt remarquer. Sa taille était médiocre, sa tête volumineuse, ses traits prononcés, son teint livide, son œil ardent, sa personne négligée. Il n'eût paru que ridicule ou hideux, mais tout à coup on entendit sortir de ce corps étrange des maximes bizarres et atroces, proférées avec un accent dur et une insolente familiarité. Il fallait abattre, disait-il, plusieurs mille têtes, et détruire tous les aristocrates, qui rendaient la liberté impossible.

II.

INTELLIGENCE DES ANIMAUX.

Dans son intéressant voyage aux Indes, un savant français raconte une anecdote à laquelle on croirait difficilement si l'on ne connaissait la véracité de l'auteur. Il rencontra un jour deux chiens sauvages en train de dévorer une carcasse de mouton, autour de laquelle voltigeaient en criant

des centaines de vautours. Tandis que l'un des chiens mangeait tranquillement, l'autre montait la garde pour mettre en fuite les oiseaux qui venaient réclamer leur part du festin. Le voyageur fit arrêter sa petite caravane pour examiner ce spectacle intéressant. Il supposa d'abord que le plus faible des deux chiens attendait, pour manger à son tour, que le plus vigoureux daignât le lui permettre. Mais, après une demi-heure d'un examen attentif, il s'aperçut que les deux chiens, parfaitement d'accord, se relayaient pour monter la garde tour à tour et pour écarter les vautours.

FRENCH GRAMMAR.

1. Give the masculine and feminine, singular and plural, of ce, celui-là, duquel, chacun, tout, ancien, grec.

2. Write out the following parts of "Jouer":-Pres. ind., imperfect, preterite, future, conditional, present and imperf. subj.

3. Give the infinitive and present participle of Je reçus, Il pleuvra, Nous irons, Tu bous, Il ressent, Je contiendrai, Il s'assit, Ils surent, Je déduisis, Tu craindras.

4. Put into French :-That dog is hungry. am very glad to see you. Give me some water. you want? I am sorry for it. Give it them.

GEOGRAPHY.

Where are you going? I We were wrong. What do It was very hot yesterday.

1. Draw a map of Africa, marking equator and tropics, capes, bays, straits, seaports, mountains, Nile, Congo, Orange, Zambesi.

2. Name six strongest forts in Europe, and to whom they belong. Add a short account of one.

3. Name the chief river in the following countries, describe direction and outfall, mentioning one or more important towns on each :-Siberia, Russia, British India, Italy, Spain, China, European Russia, South America, Ireland, Scotland.

4. State in round numbers of statute miles the circumference of the earth at the equator. Deduce thence the length of a geographical mile as compared to a statute mile. How is longitude measured? Allowing 7 degrees from Land's End to North Foreland, what will be the difference of time at these two places?

5. A steamer coasts from Behring's Strait to the Bay of Panama. Name in order the states which she successively passes, also the chief headlands, islands, and coast towns sighted.

6. Where are the following lakes:-Trasimene, Van, Baikal, Gennesaret, Ladoga, Constance, Wener Lake, Lough Derg, Loch Lomond, Michigan, Bala Lake, Windermere. Where was Whittlesea Mere?

7. Enumerate the British possessions in Asia, Africa, America, Australasia, omitting only unimportant islands. State approximately in square miles the area of Great Britain, British North America, Australia, British India.

8. State accurately the situation of Sitka, Herat, Petropaulovsk, Simla, Hobart Town, Ottawa, Sierra Leone, Monaco, Belfast, Dresden. Add to any five one short sentence of description.