Saturday, and on Thursday this notice headed the bill of the day: "Mr. Osbaldiston has the gratification of announcing to the public that in consequence of the complete overflow to all parts of the theater, the enthusiastic applause that again attended the entire performance of 'The Hunchback, and the brilliant success that crowned the début and subsequent appearance of Miss Helen Faucit, in the character of Julia, that popular play will be repeated this evening, to-morrow, and Saturday." So it continued during the entire month of January, and Helen became the favorite of London. Her first formal engagement was for three months at the Covent Garden, but hers was the history of the English stage for forty years. Wednesday, Jan. 27, 1836, she made her first appearance in the character of Belvidera in Otway's Venice Preserved," and Monday, Feb. 8, 1836, her first appearance in London as Mrs. Haller in "The Stranger." Then followed in quick succession the following first performances, all repeated to crowded audiences: Feb. 25, 1836, Margaret in Joanna Baillie's tragedy "Separation"; March 10, 1836, Juliet, Mr. Charles Kemble as Mercutio; March 26, 1836, Lady Townley in "The Provoked Husband"; April 16, 1836, Donna Florinda de Sandoval in the first production of "Don Juan of Austria" (from the French); May 27, 1836, Mariana in "The Wife" (first time in London); June 1, 1836, Clemanthe in Talfourd's "Ion," with Mr. Macready as Ion. Helen Tree had played Ion in the first production of the play a few nights before, May 25. On June 30, 1836, Miss Faucit took her benefit as Mrs. Haller in "The Stranger." Charles Kemble was in the last year of his career on the stage, and during the autumn months Helen Faucit played the opposites to him, including his farewell performances ending Dec. 23, 1836. During this time, in addition to the parts above enumerated, she played with him Sept. 24, 1836, Portia in "The Merchant of Venice"; Oct. 1, Lady Teazle in "The School for Scandal"; Oct. 6, Constance in "King John"; and on the same night Katherine in Katherine and Petruchio," with Sheridan Knowles as Petruchio. On Dec. 23, 1836, she played Beatrice to Mr. Kemble's Benedick in "Much Ado About Nothing," his farewell to the stage. Thus in one year, the seventeenth of her age, this wonderfully gifted woman played for the first time fourteen greatly differing and arduous characters. On Jan, 4, 1837, she played the title rôle in the first production of "The Duchess de la Vallière," a new play by E. L. Bulwer (afterward Sir Edward Bulwer Lytton). Her other first appearances in this year at the Covent Garden were: March 13, 1837, "Bertran"; April 20, Erina in Sheridan Knowles's Brian Boroihme (first production), with the song Would you Hear my Sweet Harp?"; May 1. Lady Percy in Browning's "Strafford" (first time); May 8, Queen Catharine in "Henry VIII"; May 8, Editha in" Walter Tyrrell"; May 18, Imogen in "Cymbeline"; May 31, Marian in "The Wrecker's Daughter," for the benefit of the author, Sheridan Knowles. In July, 1887, Helen Faucit became the leading woman of William Charles Macready on his assuming the management of Covent Garden Theater, an association which continued many years to the glory of the English stage. During the first months of the season of 1837-38 Miss Faucit played many Shakespearean parts for the first time, as Cordelia, Desde mona, and Hermione. On Feb. 15, 1838, "The Lady of Lyons" was produced for the first time, and Miss Faucit contributed in the greatest degree to the triumph of the anonymous dramatist by her brilliant performance of Pauline. It was announced next day, with the name of the author, for indefinite repetition. On March 7, 1839, Sir

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Edward Lytton Bulwer achieved another great success in "Richelieu," wherein Miss Faucit was the Julie de Mortemar. Oct. 31, 1839, another original play of Bulwer's," The Sea Captain," afterward called "The Rightful Heir," gave her an original part in Violet, the heroine. While Mr. Macready was at the Haymarket Theater, Dec. 8, 1840, Miss Faucit was the original of another of Bulwer's heroines, Clara Douglas in "Money." Other plays in which she acted the leading female rôle with Mr. Macready on their first productions were Knowles's "Woman's Wit" and "The Secretary," Talfourd's "Glencoe," Serle's "Master Clarke," Dr. Westland Marston's" Patrician's Daughter," Byron's" Marino Faliero," and Troughton's "Nina Sforza." In 1842 Miss Faucit accompanied Mr. Macready to Drury Lane Theater as his leading woman, and here on Feb. 23 she played Sophonisba in the first production of Gerald Griffin's tender tragedy of " Gissippus," after the gentle Irish boy had been laid in his humble grave at Cork. Browning's Blot in the Scutcheon was first produced Feb. 11, 1843, and in it Miss Faucit originated the character of Mildred Tresham. Mr. Macready's retirement from management left London without a home for classic plays, and Helen Faucit became a "star." She was hailed with acclamations of delight in Edinburgh, Dublin, Glasgow, and Manchester, and she continued traveling for two years. In 1845 she joined Macready again in a series of Shakespearean performances at the Salle Venladour, Paris. They played there with great success, especially f for Miss Faucit, "Othello,' Hamlet," Macbeth," "King Lear," Romeo and Juliet," "Werner," and "Virginius." In March, 1845, she played Antigone" in Dublin, and was presented with a bracelet of Irish gold by the Royal Irish Academy. She also played "Iphigenia in Aulis" during the same engagement. After playing through the provincial towns, Miss Faucit reappeared in London, Nov. 5, 1846, with a wonderfully attractive performance of Rosalind in "As You Like It." One of the notable plays in which she was the original heroine was Dr. Marston's " Philip of France," in which her Marie de Meraine never has been equaled. On Aug. 25, 1851, Miss Faucit married Theodore Martin, author of the "Bon Gaultier Ballads," "The Life of the Prince Consort," "Translations of Horace," and other works. She continued to play, with intervals of rest. April 25, 1853, Robert Browning's play in five acts, "Colombe's Birthday," was presented at the Haymarket Theater, London, then under the management of J. B. Buckstone. Miss Faucit began a special engagement of ten perform ances in London on this occasion and personally directed the production of Mr. Browning's play, in which she charmingly executed the role of Colombe. In Mrs. Sutherland Orr's "Life of Robert Browning" (Vol. I, page 281) this event is thus noted : Mrs. Browning writes about the performance, April 12th: I am beginning to be anxious about "Colombe's Birthday." I care much more about it than Robert does. I should like it to succeed.' She communicates the result in May: 'Yes, Robert's play succeeded, but there could be no run for a play of that kind. .. Miss Faucit was alone in doing us justice!"" Mrs. Orr continues: Mrs. Browning did see Miss Faucit on her next visit to England. She agreeably surprised that lady by presenting herself alone one morning at her house and remaining with her for an hour and a half. The only person who had 'done justice' to 'Colombe,' besides contributing to whatever success her husband's earlier plays had obtained, was much more than a great actress to Mrs. Browning's mind, and we may imagine it would have gone hard with her before she renounced the

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pleasure of making her acquaintance." On July 6, 1855, she produced in London (having played it earlier in the provinces) her husband's version of "King Rene's Daughter," assuming the part of Iolanthe. For the most part, during subsequent years, she played only the characters of her very extensive repertory; but on Nov. 3, 1864, she assumed for the first time the part of Lady Macbeth at Drury Lane Theater. Her greatest Shakespearean presentations, however, were Juliet, Beatrice, Imogen, Portia, and Rosalind. After her appearance in 1864 Lady Martin (her husband had now been knighted) went into comparative retirement. On March 2, 1874, she played Lady Teazle in a performance of "The School for Scandal" at Drury Lane Theater, for the benefit of Ben Webster, and her last appearance in London was in June, 1876, when she played Iolanthe at the Lyceum Theater for Henry Irving to his Sir Tristram. In April, 1879, she played Beatrice in Much Ado About Nothing" at the inauguration of the Memorial Theater, Stratford-on-Avon, to the Benedick of Mr. Barry Sullivan. In October of the same year, the sixtieth of her age, she played Rosalind at Manchester for the benefit of the widow of the actor Charles Culvert. This was her last appearance on the stage in character, but she frequently gave public readings at Llangollen for local charities. Sir Theodore and Lady Martin lived in quiet content in the Vale of Llangollen, sympathetic and often of practical help to young authors, actors, and artists. In her social sphere Helena Faucit was the friend of the greatest men of her time, among them Sir Walter Scott, Thackeray, Browning, Tennyson, Carlyle, Dickens, and Lord Lytton. She was honored with the personal friendship of her Sovereign, who, as a mark of her admiration of the purity and beauty of the actress's life, appointed her reader to the Queen. In her art Helen Faucit was true to the ideals of beauty and taste. She speedily overcame the injurious influence of the Macready mannerisms, and was always a model of fine diction. She excelled by a charm of manner rather than by natural force or startling innovations. Her book of essays, entitled "Some of Shakespeare's Female Characters" (1887) has gone through several editions.

Feuillée, Félix Martin, a French statesman, born in Rennes in 1830; died there in the beginning of August, 1898. He studied and practiced law in his native town, served in the war with Germany, receiving the cross of the Legion of Honor for bravery during the siege of Paris, was elected a Deputy in 1876 and became one of the most active members of the majority, took the under-secretaryship of the Interior in 1879, and in 1880 entered the Cabinet as Minister of Justice. He supported Jules Ferry, his chief, in important debates, but his reputation rests mainly on the judicial reforms that he proposed and saw partly carried into execution in 1882 after long discussions. His name is connected also with important administrative reforms, and he was one of the chief advocates of the law of divorce. In 1889 he lost his seat to a Conservative.

Fontane, Theodor, a German poet, born in Neu Ruppin, Dec. 30, 1819; died in Berlin, Sept. 21, 1898. He was educated as an apothecary, and followed this business in Leipsic and Berlin. The patriotic poems of his friend C. F. Scherenberg prompted him to try his hand at poetry. "Männer und Helden," a series of Prussian ballads, was followed by the epic poem "Von der schönen Rosamunde.' During two visits to England he was attracted to Scottish subjects and inspired the ballad of "Archibald Douglas," followed later by poems on Mary Stuart, Lady Jane Grey, and the War of the Roses, in which an elevated romantic tone pre

vails. Prussian historical themes he treated in a more popular style and with a martial and patriotic spirit. The former were too wild and stern for the taste of those days, and the subjects of the latter interested nobody. It was his volumes describing tours through Mark Brandenburg that first drew attention to the picturesqueness of the towns and to the peculiar charms of Nature in that sandy region and to the author as well. He wrote two novels to glorify Prussia, "Vor dem Sturm" and "Schach von Wuthenow." The Danish, Austrian, and French wars he saw as a newspaper correspondent, and in the last one was taken prisoner. Afterward he wrote on English politics, and then was for some time a dramatic critic. When the taste of the Berliners was suddenly captivated by the realism of Zola, instead of warring against the tendency like other old romanticists, Fontane determined to exercise his experienced hand in the new art, and therefore wrote novels of Berlin society in which the boldest modern realism is presented, without didactic or moral purpose, without pessimistic or other tendency, but with a purely ar tistic, literary design. He avoided repulsive, abnormal, and dreadful subjects and characters, and treated the griefs and joys, the mingled virtues and vices, which he depicted with an easy, careless grace and humor, a German objectiveness and scientific interest, distinguishing the school that he founded from the naturalistic writers of either France, Russia, or Scandinavia.

Fowler, Sir John, an English engineer, born in Sheffield in 1817; died in Bournemouth, Nov. 20, 1898. He was the pupil of J. F. Leather, the engi neer who planned the waterworks of Yorkshire, and afterward assisted in preparing drawings and contracts for railroads, started on his own account at the age of twenty-six, and was employed as chief engineer for various railroads that were successively chartered by Parliament, gaining a great reputation among railroad promoters by his services to the Great Grimsby line. He designed also and carried through, against the opposition of local authorities and interests and the prognostications of the most eminent engineers, the London underground railroad. As consulting engineer to the Khedive Ismail Pasha he planned railroads and other schemes for the improvement of Egypt, for which he was made a Knight of the British Colonial order in 1885. He was associated with Sir Benjamin Baker in designing the Forth bridge, and was made a baronet in 1880.

Garashanin, Milutin, a Servian statesman, born in Belgrade in 1843; died in Paris, March 6, 1898. He studied for eight years in French colleges, and after returning home in 1868 cultivated his property at Grotzka until 1880, when, the opponents of Ristich gaining the upper hand, he became Minister of the Interior under Pirochanatz. He was appointed minister to Vienna on retiring from the Cabinet, and was recalled in 1884 to become Prime Minister. He remained at the head of the Government for three years, resigning in 1887 because he would not countenance King Milan's design to get rid of Queen Natalie by a divorce. In 1895 he was appointed Servian minister at Paris.

Garnier, Jean Louis Charles, a French architect, born in Paris. Oct. 6, 1825; died Aug. 4, 1898. He entered the École des Beaux-Arts in 1842, and remained there six years, receiving in 1848 the Grand Prix de Rome for his design for a Conservatoire pour Arts et Metiers. At the Salon of 1853 and at the Exposition Universelle in 1855 his polychromatic design for the restoration of the Temple of Jupiter in the island of Egina attracted much attention. In 1860 he was appointed architect to the city of Paris, and in the competition for the Paris

Opera House in 1861 his design was accepted unanimously. This building, his greatest work, was formally opened for performances on Jan. 5, 1875. His other important works include the Théâtre de la Terrasse at Monte Carlo, the Maison de Jeux at Monaco, the Observatoire at Nice, the Cercle de la Libraire on the Boulevard St. Germain, Paris, and at the Exhibition of 1889 a notable series of reconstructions of human habitations of various epochs, which occupied the whole front of the Champ de Mars. He wrote much and well upon architectural topics, and was honorary and corresponding member of 17 foreign academies.

Gee, Thomas, a Welsh politician, born in Denbigh in 1815; died there, Sept. 28, 1898. He was educated at Wrexham, entered his father's publishing business, and became the editor of the "Banner," the chief organ of the Welsh democracy, and a popular and effective public speaker on political and religious subjects. He was ordained a minister of the Calvinist Methodist denomination, but still devoted himself chiefly to his journalistic and political work. He was the accepted champion of the educational, religious, economical, and political interests of the Welsh. Besides some literary works in the Welsh language, he published "The Myrfy rian Archæology of Wales."

Gehrt, Karl, a German artist, born in Hamburg, May 11, 1853; died in Endenich, near Bonn, July 17, 1898. He was the son of a decorative artist, and after passing through the art school of his native city he went to Weimar in 1871, where he studied under Karl Gussow and Albert Baur. With the latter he settled in Düsseldorf in 1876. He made innumerable drawings illustrating" Reinecke Fuchs," "Tannhauser," "Thomas à Kempis," and other works, humorous sketches for the "Fliegende Blätter," and artistic picture books, such as "Jagdleben der Gnomen," "Amor bei Jung und Alt.” and “Ein Hochzeitsmärchen." His representations of gnomes, dwarfs, and elfs are peculiar, and charm art lovers and children equally. His water colors, such as "Petruchio's Wedding," "The Pirate Claus Stortebeck," etc., are admirable in technical execution as well as in composition, but his few oil paintings fall below them. His great work was the wall decoration of the stairway to the art gallery in Düsseldorf, depicting the history of art. This occupied ten years. When he died he was at work on drawings for the Rathhaus in Hamburg.

Gholam, Hyder Khan, an Afghan soldier, died in March, 1898. He was an Orakzai chief, the son of Sikunder Khan, with whom he suppressed in 1887 the revolt of the Ghilzais. In the following year he alone, at the head of the Ameer's army, saved the throne for Abdurrahman by dispersing the forces of the pretender Ishak Khan. He had a large share in the reorganization of the Afghan army, directed all the annexation campaigns in the mountainous regions of western Afghanistan, subjugated Kafiristan, and during the recent rising of the Afridis against the British he faithfully observed the injunction of the Ameer to keep his tribesmen from actively aiding their brothers.

Gilbert, Sir John Thomas, an Irish historian, born in Dublin in 1829; died in London, May 23, 1898. He was educated in Dublin and in England, and received the appointment in 1867 of Secretary of the Irish Public Record Office, after having devoted himself to researches in the literary and historical antiquities of his native land. In 1875 he became inspector of Irish manuscripts. He gave an impetus to Celtic studies by editing the most important of the old Irish manuscripts. His principal works are: "History of Dublin" (1854-59); "History of the Viceroys of Ireland" (1865); "Historical and Municipal Documents of Ireland" (1870); Na

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tional Manuscripts"; "History of Affairs in Ireland, 1641-52" (1879-'81); and "History of the Irish Confederation" (1882).

Goodenough, Sir William Howley, an English soldier, born in 1833; died in Cape Town, Oct. 24, 1898. He was a son of the Dean of Wells, was educated at Westminster School and the Woolwich Military Academy, and entered the Royal Artillery as second lieutenant at the age of sixteen. As a captain he fought gallantly in the Indian mutiny, and as major he filled important staff offices in England and served as military attaché in Vienna. In the Egyptian expedition of 1882 he commanded the Royal Artillery with the rank of brigadier general. As major general he commanded various districts in Great Britain, promoting the volunteer movement, especially the artillery association. He became a lieutenant general in 1891, and in 1894 was placed in command of the British forces in South Africa.

Grey, Sir George, a British administrator, born in Lisbon in 1812; died in London, Sept. 19, 1898. He was the son of an officer who fell at the storming of Badajoz before his birth, and was educated for the military profession at Sandhurst, went into the service at the age of eighteen, and while stationed in the west of Ireland saw so much misery that he determined to escape to the roomy regions of Australia, whither he sailed on an exploring mission for the Geographical Society. He landed in Hanover Bay, and passed through privations and suffering and had many hairbreadth escapes while exploring the waterless regions of northwestern Australia. The Governor of Western Australia appointed him resident at King George's Sound, and there he studied the nature of the Australian blacks until he was obliged to return to his regiment when his two years' leave expired. In England he published a book narrating his experiences which was much read and which impelled Lord John Russell, then Colonial Secretary, to select the young officer for the post of Governor of South Australia, an infant colony which was then falling into a state of anarchy. He arrived in 1841, and in four years, by retrenchment and reorganization, rescued the treasury from bankruptcy, and by aiding impoverished colonists from his own purse and promoting industry and winning the confidence of the common people by checking the monopoly of town sites by speculators and of fertile tracts by squatters, he brought the colony out of its difficulties and set it in the path of orderly development, although the squatter aristocracy and the speculative capitalists complained bitterly of his democratic innovations. Lord John Russell was well enough satisfied with his work to send him in 1845 to be Governor of New Zealand, which was in still more desperate straits, for the insurgent Maoris were then preparing to exterminate the British settlers. He collected troops and munitions at Adelaide, and two months after his arrival he ended the war by a treaty satisfactory not only to the whites but to the natives also, who had learned to trust his justice, firmness, and good faith. He reformed the financial administration of this colony also and introduced economy and efficiency. In order to understand thoroughly the native question he set to work to learn the Maori language without grammar or dictionary, and became deeply interested in the myths and customs of the New Zealand aborigines, collecting the materials for a great work on the subject, which were lost by fire. He began his labor over again, and published some years afterward his "Polynesian Mythology." He was so bent on preserving all the islands of the Southern Seas for a future great colonial empire of Great Britain that he importunately urged the home Government to prevent the French annexa

tion of New Caledonia. Not alone in that did he offend his official superiors, but he disobeyed every order that came when he considered it unwise or inexpedient. A constitution that was sent to him to be promulgated he boldly set aside, declaring it suspended. He insisted on carrying out the principle that the lands of the Australasian colonies were the heritage of the British people and advocated allotments to cultivators only and the extreme claims of labor. When he returned to England the Duke of Newcastle, who was Secretary for the Colonies, refused to see him; yet he was impelled shortly afterward to make use of his genius for organization and conciliation for the purpose of extricating Cape Colony from its plight of disorder and bankruptcy. Delegates of the colonists had obtained representative institutions, but had left England sore and dissatisfied with the result of their mission. There were serious troubles with the Boers, and the Kaffirs were on the point of revolting. The Colonial Secretary, to avoid having his orders again set at naught, gave Sir George Grey unlimited discretion. When the new Governor arrived he granted to the Hottentots the rights that had been refused in London, came to an understanding with the discontented Boers, reorganized the finances and the civil service, and then had to face a general rebellion of the Kaffirs. The commanding general proposed to concentrate on an inner line of defense, but Sir George Grey ordered the feeble outposts to hold their ground, and in a short time he broke up the formidable confederacy and had the Kaffirs at his mercy. To save them from famine he distributed food among them, settled many thousands on lands in the colony, and employed the rest on public works. The Indian mutiny then broke out, and he took the bold initiative of directing transports bound for China to go to Calcutta, as well as dispatching troops, guns, and money from the Cape to India, leaving himself almost helpless against a renewal of the dangers scarcely past. In the next two years he thought out and freely enunciated the scheme of South African Confederation without caring about the policy of the British Government, and this led to his summary recall by the Conservative Colonial Secretary. Before he arrived in England the Duke of Newcastle had returned to the Colonial Office and had reappointed him, but when he again took up the reins of power at the Cape he found his authority and prestige weakened. The native chiefs were grateful and devoted, but his hopes of reconciling the interests of the Dutch and the English and welding them into a nation were blasted. His second term of office was marked by the construction of railroads and the founding of benevolent institutions. When he left the colony he gave to it his magnificent library and collection of manuscripts. He was appointed Governor of New Zealand once more in 1861. The Maoris were angry at the flagrant breaches of the treaty, and wholesale robbery of their lands, and through the laxness of the administration they had provided themselves with arms. Sir George Grey insisted that the Government should frankly acknowledge the wrongs it had committed and make reparation to the natives. The Cabinet hesitated to humiliate itself in this way until the war broke out. The Governor, when he was empowered to offer full amends to the injured natives, went among them, won over some of the chiefs to fight devotedly on his side, and with his native army carried without the loss of a man the stockades which the commander of the British troops was afraid to assail. The Maoris simply would not fight against their kindred after they knew of the promises that the Governor held out to them. After having pacified the island a second

time Sir George Grey retired in 1868. He had a promise of the governor-generalship of Canada, the stepping-stone to the viceroyalty of India, before he threw himself into the breach to save New Zealand, and thus placed himself out of the line of promotion. After returning to England he offered himself as a candidate for Parliament to the electors of Newark, but his extreme radical views on imperial and colonial questions alarmed Mr. Gladstone and Lord Granville, who refused to accept him as the party candidate. He proposed, in particular, a scheme for giving home rule to Ireland that differed little from Mr. Gladstone's own measure offered in 1886. Sir George Grey withdrew his candidature rather than give the seat to a Tory, and after a little while returned to New Zealand. In 1874 he threw himself into the political contest that was waged in the colony for the preservation of the provincial legislative bodies and autonomous institutions that were mainly his own creation. When his party came into power he was called upon to take the premiership. In this new and singular position he found freer scope than ever for his extremely democratic ideas. He devoted his efforts to strengthening the rule of the people, and carried through a measure practically conferring manhood suffrage and establishing the principle of one man one vote. In combating monopolies in every form he was a pioneer and was less successful, and in his proposals for the radical reform of taxation, the election of the Governor by the colonists, the nationalization of coal mines, and other radical innovations he sustained a series of mortifying defeats entailing his resignation. He continued for several years to sit in the Assembly. In 1890 he represented New Zealand in the Federal Convention of Australasia at Sydney. He made a tour through Australia, and was received by the workingmen everywhere with enthusiastic demonstrations, to which he responded with expressions of ardent sympathy for the claims of labor and hope that its paramount rights would be secured through universal suffrage. After this he lived among his books in the luxuri ous paradise that he had created on the island of Kawau until 1895, when, bestowing his valuable library as a gift on the citizens of Wellington, he took up his abode in England, having in 1894 been appointed a member of the Privy Council. He was knighted in 1848.

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Gurney, Alfred, an English clergyman, born in 1843; died at Roehampton, Nov. 28, 1898. He was educated at Exeter College, Oxford, took orders in 1873, and from 1879 till shortly before his death was vicar of St. Barnabas's Church, Pimlico, London. He was a pronounced High Churchman, but his "Our Catholic Inheritance in the Larger Hope" (1888) is an extremely liberal treatment of the theme. His other works are The Vision of the Eucharist and Other Poems" (1882); "Day Dreams"; and " A Christmas Faggot" (1884). Haweis, Mrs. Mary Eliza (Joy), an English artist and author, born in London, Feb. 21, 1852; died there, Nov. 28, 1898. She was the daughter of F. M. Joy, an artist. She studied art under his direction, and exhibited her first picture in the Royal Academy at the age of sixteen. In 1876 she married the Rev. H. R. Haweis, a popular English writer. She continued to practice her art after marriage, and was the cover designer and illustrator of all of her own and her husband's books. Her published works include "Chaucer for Children," which quickly passed through several editions (1876); The Art of Beauty" (1877): "The Art of Dress" (1879); "Chaucer for Schools" (1880); "The Art of Decoration (1881): "Beautiful Houses" (1882); "Chaucer's Beads," a birthday book, (1884); "Rus in Urbe" (1886); "Tales from

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Chaucer" (edited; 1887); and " A Flame of Fire," a novel (1897).

Herz, Cornelius, a French adventurer, born in Besançon in 1848; died in Bournemouth, England, July 6, 1898. His parents were German Jews, and after passing through the schools of his native town he studied medicine in Germany. Settling in Paris, he had a hard struggle with poverty. At the beginning of the war of 1870 he joined the army of the Loire, served as adjutant, and in 1871 was admitted as a foreigner to the Legion of Honor. After the war he went to the United States, became an American citizen, obtained a medical diploma, married the daughter of a Boston manufacturer named Sarony, and established himself in business in San Francisco, devoting himself to the industrial applications of electricity. Returning to Paris in 1877, he started an electric-light concern, afterward took up the working of the patents of the inventor Marcel Despretz for the transmission of power by electricity, attempted to get control of the telephone company, and in 1879 organized the Paris Electric-Light Company. He became associated with politicians and played a rôle also in the scientific world, and in financial circles attained an influential place, attaining such eminence that in 1880 he was made a grand officer of the Legion of Honor. In the irregularities of the Panama Canal enterprise he was the chief intermediary, and when the scandal transpired, pursued by detectives, he fled from France to Italy, then to Germany, and finally took refuge in England, fallen from his great estate, yet formidable in the possession of all the secrets of the dark business. He was condemned by default to five years' imprisonment and expelled from the Legion of Honor, and the French Government applied persistently for his extradition, but his lawyers, by means of medical certificates of failing health and other pleas and delays, defeated the proceedings. In 1897 Dr. Herz made an offer to reveal everything to the Panama Inquiry Committee, but when the committee set out for Bournemouth he withdrew his promise. Jenner, Sir William, an English physician, born in Chatham in 1815; died in Bishop's Waltham, Dec. 11, 1898. He was the son of an innkeeper, studied at University College, London, was licensed as an apothecary in 1837, entered upon the practice of medicine in London, and was graduated as doctor at the University of London in 1844. He devoted himself to hospital work, and on becoming a member of the Royal College of Physicians in 1848 withdrew from practice to take the Professorship of Pathological Anatomy in University College, and the post of assistant physician to the college hospital. He became a fellow of the Royal College of Physicians and Gulstonian professor in 1852; also physician to the children's hospital, and in the following year physician to the London Fever Hospital. In 1854 he was appointed physician to University College Hospital, and in 1857 Professor of Clinical Medicine. He was chosen physician extraordinary to the Queen in 1861, and in 1862 physician in ordinary and appointed also to the chair of the Practice of Medicine in University College. He became physician in ordinary to the Prince of Wales in 1864, and was created a baronet in 1868. From 1881 till 1888 he was President of the Royal College of Physicians. He retired from practice in 1889, but remained in the Queen's service till 1893. As a teacher and as a physician he was alike eminent. His greatest contribution to medical science was the discovery of the essential difference between typhoid and typhus fevers. His chief works were on the "Identity or NonIdentity of Typhus and Typhoid Fevers," and on "Diseases commonly confounded under the Term

Continued Fevers." He also published lectures on emphysema, diphtheria, rickets, and tuberculosis. Kalnoky, Count Gustav Siegmund, an Austrian statesman, born in Lettowitz, Moravia, Dec. 29, 1832; died in Brünn, Feb. 13, 1898. He belonged to a Hungarian family ennobled in the fourteenth century, entered the diplomatic service in 1854, was first attached to the legations at Munich and Berlin, went to London in 1859 as secretary of the embassy, and 1871 was sent to Rome as envoy extraordinary and minister plenipotentiary ad interim. He was appointed in 1874 minister to Copenhagen, where he remained until after the conclusion of the treaty between Austria and Prussia. He was sent later on a special mission to St. Petersburg, and in 1880 was appointed ambassador at the court of the Czar, where he remained until he was, on Nov. 20, 1881, made Austro-Hungarian Minister of Foreign Affairs and of the Imperial House. The alliance with Germany which Count Andrassy had arranged with Prince Bismarck was extended into the Triple Alliance, and this was renewed in 1891. Serious difficulties with Russia, arising out of the Bulgarian situation in 1887, after Alexander of Battenburg had been forced to abdicate, he succeeded in smoothing over. He reconciled the Hungarians to the measures necessary for the organization of Bosnia, but was finally compelled to resign in May, 1895, because he had failed to forward to the Vatican Baron Banffy's vigorous remonstrance against the assumption of influence and authority in Hungarian domestic politics by the papal nuncio, Monsignor Agliardi. He was always an advocate of cordial relations between Austria, Germany and Russia, and of the maintenance of the status quo in the Balkans, as the sole means of conciliating Russia.

Kanthack, Alfredo Antunes, a British pathologist, born in Brazil, March 4, 1863; died in Cambridge, England, Dec. 22, 1898. His father, a German, was British consul at Para. The son was educated in Germany and at Cambridge, becoming Professor of Pathology at Cambridge in 1897. He was eminent in his profession and his loss was much felt both in England and in Germany. With H. D. Rolleston he published "Leprosy in India" (1892); "Manual of Practical Morbid Anatomy' (1894); "Manual of Practical Bacteriology" (1895).

Kingsford, William, a Canadian historian, born in London, England, in 1819; died in Ottawa, Ontario, Sept. 29, 1898. He was an engineer, and his name is associated with public works in Canada, among them the Victoria Bridge at Montreal. He was the author of "The History, Structure, and Statistics of Plank Roads in the United States and Canada" (Philadelphia, 1851); "Impressions of the West and South during a Six Weeks' Holiday (Toronto, 1858); "The Canadian Canals: Their History and Cost" (1865); "The History of Canada" (Montreal and London, 1887-'88), the last named a notably careful work.

Kung, Prince, a Chinese statesman, born in 1830; died in Pekin, May 29, 1898. He was a younger brother of the Emperor Hsien-Fang, and when direct diplomatic relations with European nations were established as the result of the war of 1859 he was appointed president of the Tsung-li-Yamen, the newly constituted board of foreign relations. When Hsien-Fang died a few months later he concocted and carried to a successful issue the palace revolution by which the two Empresses came to be regents, and he continued to guide and direct the affairs of the court until the unfortunate issue of the conflict with France compelled him to retire in 1884. When the Japanese war broke out in 1894 the Empress Dowager called him from the privacy and seclusion in which he had passed his life in the