As 8000 1200 :: 800: 120 A's share of gain. As 8000 4800 :: 800: 480 B's share of gain. As 8000: 2000 :: 800: 200 C's share of gain. 2. D, E, and F, trading together, gained 120 L.; D's stock was 140 L., E's was 300 L., and F's was 160 L.: what was each man's share of the gain?

Ans. D's share was 28 L., E's 60 L., F's 32 L. 3. Three merchants, trading together, lost goods to the value of 1920 dols.; now suppose A's stock was 2880 dols., B's 11520 dols., and C's 4800 dols.: what share of the loss must each man sustain ?

SA's share 288 dols.

Ans. B's
C's

1152 dols. 480 dols.

4. A, B, and C freighted a ship with 108 tuns of wine, of which A had 48 tuns, B 36, and C 24, but by reason of stormy weather were obliged to cast 45 tuns overboard; how much must each man sustain of the loss? Ans. A 20 tuns, B 15, and C 10.

5. If the money and effects of a bankrupt amount to 1400 L. 14 s. 6 d., and he is indebted to M 742 L. 12 s., to B 641 L. 19 s. 8 d., and to C 987 L. 19 s. 9 d.; how must the property be divided among them?

An M must have 438 L. 8 s. 44 d.

B

C

379 L. 0 s. 3 d.

583 L. 5 s. 9 d.

6. Suppose a person is indebted to S 70 L., to T 400 L., and to V 140 L. 12 s. 6 d., but upon his decease his property is found to be worth only 409 L. 14 s.; how must it be divided among his creditors?

S must have 46 L. 19 s. 3 d. 268 L. 7 s. 74 d. 94 L. 7 s. 0ž d.

Ans. T
V

7. Three graziers pay among them 120 dols. for a grass enclosure, into which they put 300 oxen, whereol L had 80, N 100, and C 120; how much should each person pay? Ans. L 32 dols., N 40 dols., and C. 48 dols.

CASE 2.

When the respective stocks in company are consi dered with time.

RULE.

Multiply each man's stock by its time; then,

As the sum of the products,
Is to either particular product;
So is the whole gain or loss,

To the gain or loss of the stock from which that pro duct is obtained.

EXAMPLES.

1. Three merchants traded together; A put in 120 L. for 9 months, B 100 L. for 16 months, and C 100 L. for 14 months, and they gained 100 L.; what is each man's share?

L. m.

A's stock 120 X 9 = 1080

B's stock 100 x 16

C's stock 100 x 14

Sum As 4080 As 4080 As 4080

Prod.

1080 ::

1600 ::

= 1600

1400

Sum 4080

L. L. s. d.

100: 26 9 44 + A's share.
100: 39 4 3 + B's share.

1400 :: 100: 34 6 34+ C's share.

2. B, C, and D traded together; B put in 50 dollars for 4 months, C 100 dollars for 6 months, and D 150 dollars for 8 months; they gained $126.80: what is each man's share of the gain?

Ans. B's share is $12.68, C's $38.4, D ́s $76.8. 3. B and C trade in company; B put in 950 L. for 5 months, and C 785 L. for 6 months, and by trading they gain 275 L. 18 s. 4 d.; what is each man's share of the gain? Ans. B's 138 L. 10 s. 10 d., C's 137 L. 7 s. 6 d.

4. Three merchants trade in company; A put in

400 L. for 9 months, B 680 L. for 5 months, and C 120 L. for 12 months; but by misfortunes lost goods to the value of 500 L.: what must each man sustain of the loss?

AnA must lose 213 L. 5s. 4 d.+ |

{

B

C

201 L. 8s. 5d. +

85 L. 6s. 1 d. +

5. A, B, and C made a stock for 12 months; A put in at first $873.60, and 4 months after he put in $96.00 more; B put in at first $979.20, and at the end of 7 months he took out $206.40; C put in at first $355.20, and 3 months after he put in $206.40, and 5 months after that he put în $240.00 more. At the end of 12

months their gain is found to be $3446.40; what is

Exchange is the reduction of the money of one state or country to that of another.

*

Par is equality in value; but the course of exchange is frequently above or below par.

Agio is a term used to signify the difference, in some countries, between bank and current money.

DOMESTIC EXCHANGE.

To change the currency of either state into that of any other, work by the Rule of Three; or by the theorems in the following page.

EXAMPLES.

1. What is the value of 750 L. Massachusetts cur rency in New York?

Ans. 1000 L

*Note.-A Spanish dollar is valued at 4 s. 6 d. sterling, and at 7 s. 6 d. Pennsylvania currency: 4 s. 6 d. sterling is therefore equal to 7 s. 6 d. Pennsylvania currency, and 100 L. of the former is equal to 1662 L. of the latter. When exchange between England and Pennsylvania is at this rate, it is said to be at par.

A TABLE,

Georgia.

Subtract twice.

two 7ths. and that.

either opposite to that state, or under it, in the table. The value of a dollar in any state is found,

2. What is the value of 1500 L., Massachusetts cur

Ans. 2000 L.

rency, in New York? 3. What is the value of 240 L., Pennsylvania currency, in New York?

Ans. 256 L.

4. What is the value of 933 L. 6 s. 8 d., South Carolina currency, in Pennsylvania? Ans. 1500 L.

5. What sum in Pennsylvania currency is equal to 120 L. 10 s. in New York? Ans. 112 L. 19 s. 4 d. 6. What sum in Pennsylvania currency is equal to 234 L. 4 s. in New England or Virginia?

Ans. 292 L. 15 s. 7. What is the value of 173 L. 16s., New Jersey cur rency in New York? Ans. 185 L. 7 s. 8 d.

8. What is the value of 900 L., New England or Virginia currency, in South Carolina? Ans. 700 L. 9. Change 792 L. 19 s. 7 d. of North Carolina into Pennsylvania currency. Facit 743 L. 8 s. 44 d. + 10. What sum of Maryland currency is equal to 6307 L. 13 s. 5 d. of New York? Ans. 5913 L. 8 s. 9 d. + 11. What is the value of a bill of 750 L., Pennsylvania currency, in New York or North Carolina curreney? Ans. 800 L.

12. A merchant in Virginia consigns to his agent in New York a quantity of tobacco; which, when sold, and the charges deducted, amounts to 625 L. 6 s., what is the value thereof in Virginia currency; also in Federal Money? (468 L. 19s. 6 d., Virginia currency. 1563 dols. 25 cts.

Ans.

FOREIGN EXCHANGE.

Accounts are kept in England, Ireland, and the English West India Islands, in pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings; though their intrinsic values in these places are different.