COMPOUND MULTIPLICATION.

Compound Multiplication is the multiplying of any sum or quantity which consists of divers denominations. When the multiplier does not exceed 12, work by

RULE 1.

Multiply the several denominations of the given sum or quantity, one after another, beginning with the lowest: if the product of either of them be not equal to one or more of the next higher denomination, set it down: but if it be, reduce it to that denomination, and add the number it contains thereof to the product of the same; and so proceed. If, on reducing the product of any denomination, there be a remainder, it must be placed under that denomination.

PROOF.

Double the multiplicand, and multiply by half the multiplier.

WEIGHTS AND MEASURES.

lb. oz. dwt.gr. T.cwt. qrs. lb. oz. dr. b 3 3 9 gr.

When the multiplier exceeds 12, and is the product of two factors in the multiplication table, work by

RULE 2.

Multiply the given sum by one of said factors, and then multiply the product by the other factor. Proof: Change the factors.

When the multiplier is not the exact product of any two factors in the multiplication table, work by

RULE 3.

Use those two factors whose product is the least short of the multiplier; then multiply the given sum by the number which supplies the deficiency, and add its product to the sum produced by the two factors.

When the multiplier is greater than the product of any two factors in the multiplication table, work by

RULE 4.

Multiply continually by as many tens less one, as there are figures in the multiplier; then multiply the last product by the left hand figure of the multiplier, (if greater than 1;) again, multiply the given sum by the units figure of the multiplier, the product of the first

ten by the tens figure, the product of the second ten (if any) by the hundreds figure, &c.; then add the products of these several figures together, and their amount will be the product required.

s. d.

EXAMPLES.

s. d.

1. Multiply 1 7 by 276. 2. Multiply 2 6 by 3452

S.

d.

S. d.

2 6×2

10

1. If one pound of sugar cost 1 s. 1 d., what will 4 pounds cost? Ans. 4 s. 4 d. 2. If one yard of muslin cost 9 s. 44 d., what is the price of 7 yards ? Ans. 3 L. 5 s. 7 d. 3. What will 5 yards of broad cloth come to, at 2 L. 5 s. per yard? Ans. 11 L. 5 s.

What will 9 hundred weight of flour amount to, at 1 L. 11 s. 5 d. a hundred weight? Ans. 14 L. 2 s. 9 d. 5. Sold 10 tons of hay, at 8 L. 12 s. 64 d. a ton, what is the amount? Ans. 86 L. 5 s. 5 d. 6. How much will 66 acres of land come to, at 7 L. 9 s. 6 d. an acre?

7. What will 32 pounds of cheese pound?

Ans. 493 L. 7 s. cost, at 3 s. 11 d. a Ans. 6 L. 5 s. 4 d.

Ans. 16 L. 16 s.

8. Bought 63 gallons of wine, at 5 s. 4 d. per gallon, what was the amount? 9. What is the value of 336 yards of linen, at 2 s. 5 d. per yard? Ans. 40 L. 12 s. 10. How much will 240 bushels of wheat come to, at 14 s. 6 d. per bushel? 11. If one pound of sugar cost 1 s. 1 d., what will 109 pounds come to ? Ans. 6 L. 2 s. 7 d.

Ans. 174 L.

12. What will 400 pounds of lead come to, at 8 d. per pound? Ans. 14 L. 3 s. 4 d.

13. How much will 1500 gallons of oil amount to, at 6 s. 2 d. per gallon? Ans. 462 L. 10 s.

14. A goldsmith bought 11 ingots of silver, each of which weighed 4 pounds, 1 ounce, 15 pennyweights, 22 grains. What is the weight of the whole?

Ans. 45 lb. 7 oz. 15 dwt. 2 gr. 15. A grocer bought 5 hogsheads of sugar, weighing each 12 cwt. 1 qr. 27 lb. How much did the whole weigh? Ans. 62 cwt. 1 qr. 23 lb. 16. Sold 10 pieces of cloth, measuring each 17 yards, 3 quarters, 2 nails. How many yards were there in all? Ans. 178 yds. 3 qrs. 17. There are 5 bags of apples, each of which contains 2 bushels, 3 pecks. How many bushels are there in the whole ? Ans. 13 bu. 3 pe.

COMPOUND DIVISION.

Compound Division teaches to divide any sum or quantity which consists of several denominations. When the divisor does not exceed 12. work by

RULE 1.

Divide the several denominations of the given sum