37. At 2.5 each, how much will 5.5 dozen oranges cost? 38. If 6 dozen pairs of gloves cost $28.80, what is the price a pair?

39. A merchant pays $66 for 2 dozen hats. At this rate what does he pay for 100 hats?

40. A druggist pays $5.25 for 150 cakes of soap. What is the price a cake?

41. I buy 7.5 pounds of coffee for $1.80. What is the price a pound?

42. A woman pays the grocer $1.80 for 24 pounds of prunes. What is the price a pound?

43. A merchant bought 6 dozen pairs of shoes for $2.25 a pair, and sold them at $3.75 a pair. How much did he gain?

44. A dealer sells 36 yd. of cloth for $50.40, thereby gaining $7.20. How much did it cost him a yard?

45. A dealer bought timothy hay at $12.50 a ton, and sold it at $14.75, gaining $18. How many tons did he buy?

46. Find the cost of peas to plant 6 A., if 2.5 bushels are used to the acre, and the seed are worth $2.30 a bushel.

47. A farmer had 16 acres planted in tobacco. The average yield was 813.5 pounds to the acre. What was the total yield? What did his crop bring at $21 per 100 lb. ?

48. The number of pounds in the several parts of a dressed mutton and the cost of each per pound were as follows: leg, 30.5 pounds at 8; loin, 24.5 pounds at 6; rib, 20.25 pounds at 8; chuck, 26.75 pounds at 4. Find the total value.

PRACTICAL ARITH. -6

101. 1. The picture represents a 90-acre field of corn that averaged 130 bu. per acre. What was the total yield?

2. If this corn was sold at an average price of $.45 a bushel, what was the total value of the crop?

3. If it cost the owner $2268 to plow the ground, plant, cultivate, and gather the crop, how much more did the corn bring than the cost of production?

4. A bushel of corn weighs 56 lb. How much does the corn grown in the above field weigh?

5. At 22 per 100 lb., what is the freight on this crop to market?.

6. How many car loads does this crop make, allowing 32,760 lb. to the car?

7. A neighboring farmer had 160 acres of land in corn, and his average yield was 45 bu. to the acre. If he sold crop at the same price, what did he receive for his corn?

the

COMMON FRACTIONS

102. Fraction is derived from a word which means broken, and so whenever the word is seen or heard, it refers to something (some whole) which has been broken or divided into equal parts.

1. What part of this rectangle is dark? white?

What part is

Into how many equal parts is it divided? What is the name of each part? Write it as a number and as a word. How many of these parts make the shaded portion of the figure?

3. Apply the same questions to some object in the schoolroom which has been divided into four equal parts.

103. 1. Count the number of equal parts into which this rectangle is divided. How many eighths are shaded? What two names may be given to the shaded portion of the figure?

104. 1. Into how many equal parts is the circle divided by the black lines? What do you

think is the use of the dotted line? Then show how you would find one twelfth of the circle.

105. 1. What part of this rectangle is dark?

many fifths are light?

What is the name of

each of the parts

marked A, B, C, D?

Why?

How

106. 1. Draw a 10-inch square and divide it into square inches. Each small square is what part of the whole? How many hundredths in the upper row? Then how many hundredths make one tenth?

2. Find how many hundredths make, or . Find how many hundredths make 6, or . One tenth is how 1. many times one hundredth?

3. Find how many hundredths in of the large square.

107. According to the number of parts into which the whole is divided, the fraction is named. You have seen in the preceding, that when a whole is broken into two, four, eight, or ten equal parts, these parts are called halves, fourths, eighths, tenths, respectively.

A fraction written as a number is composed of two figures, one above and the other below a short straight line.

For example, the fraction three fifths is written . Fractions so written are called Common Fractions. The figure below the line is called the Denominator, or It shows the number of equal parts into which some whole has been divided.

namer.

The figure above the line is called the Numerator. It shows the number of parts expressed.

Show by some object within easy reach that you divide a whole into five equal parts, and count out three of them to make three fifths.

108. The sum of an integer and a fraction is called a Mixed Number. Thus, $51 (the sum of $5 and $1) is a mixed number.