in 2s. 6d. ? in 2s. 9d.? in 3s. 4d.? in 5s. 6d. ? in 7s. 6d. ? in 8s. 6d. in 9s.? in 9s. 6d. in 10s. 6d. ? in 11s. ? in 11s. 6d. in 12s.?

4. If 6d. is 81 cts. how many cents is 3d.? how many is 1d.? how many is 2d. ?

5. If you buy 8 yds. of ribbon at 1s. 6d. per yard, how many cents will the whole cost?

6. If you buy 2 yds. of muslin, at 2s. 6d. per yd. how much will it cost in dollars and cents?

7. If you buy 3 yds. of ribbon at 1s. 9d. per yd. how much will it cost in dollars and cents?

8. If you buy a brush for 2s. 3d. and a penknife for 4s. 6d. and a comb for 1s. 6d. how much is given for the whole in dollars and cents?

9. If you pay 3s. 6d. for scissors, 2s. 4d. for a thimble, and 1s. 9d. for needles, how much will the whole cost? 10. If linen is 4s. 6d. per yard, how much will 4 yds. cost?

11. If a piece of calico is 2s. 3d. per yd. how much will 61 yds. cost?

12. If muslin is 4s. 6d. per yd. what will 23 yds. cost? 13. How much is 11d.? 10d.? 9‡d.? 8žd.? 71⁄2d.? 121d.? 161d.?

EXAMPLES IN N. YORK CURRENCY, FOR MENTAL EXERCISE.

1. If a dollar in New York currency is 8s. how many cents in 4s. ? in 2s.? in 1s.? in 5s.? in 6s.? in 7s. ? in 9s.? in 10s.? in 11s.? in 12s.? in 13s.? in 14s.? in 15s. in 16s.?

2. If one shilling is 12 cts. how many cents in 6d. ? in 3d. in 1d.? in 2d.? in 4d.? in 7d.? in 8d.? in 9d. ? in 10d. in 11d.?

3. How many cents is 1s. 6d. N. York currency? is 2s. 6d. is 3s. 6d. ? is 5s. 3d. ? is 6s. 9d.? is 4s. 8d.?

Questions can be asked in the other currencies in the

same manner.

REDUCTION OF CURRENCIES TO FEDERAL

MONEY.

Sums of this kind, which are too complicated to be done mentally, may be performed on the slate, by the following rules.

TO REDUCE BRITISH CURRENCY TO FEDERAL Money. Reduce the sum to a decimal of the pound order, and divide the answer by •

The reason of this rule is, that a dollar is of a £ of this currency, and therefore there are as many dollars in the sum as there are in it.

NOTE. Before reducing any currency to Federal mo. ney, the sum must be reduced to a decimal of the pound or der. After this process the following rules may be used.

TO REDUCE CANADA CURRENCY.

As a dollar is of a £ in this currency, there will be as many dollars as there are in the sum. Therefore Reduce the sum to the decimal of a £ and divide it by 4.

TO REDUCE NEW ENGLAND CURRENCY.

As 1 dollar is,3 of a pound in this currency, so there are as many dollars in a sum of N. England currency as there are,3 in it. Therefore

Reduce the sum to the decimal of a £ and divide it by,3.

TO REDUCE NEW YORK CURRENCY.

As 1 dollar is,4 of a pound in this currency, there will be as many dollars in a sum of New York currency, as there are,4 in it. Therefore

Reduce the sum to the decimal of a £ and divide it by‚4.

TO REDUCE PENNSYLVANIA CURRENCY.

As 1 dollar is of a £ in this currency there are as many dollars in the sum as there contained in it. Therefore

Reduce the sum to the decimal of a £ and divide it by f.

What is the rule to reduce British currency to Federal money? Canada? N. England? New York? Pennsylvania?

TO REDUCE GEORGIA CURRENCY.

As 1 dollar is of a pound in this currency, there are many dollars in the sum as there are contained in it. Therefore,

as

Reduce to the decimal of a £ and divide the sum by 76.

REDUCTION OF FEDERAL MONEY TO THE SEVERAL CURRENCIES.

To change a sum in federal money to the different currencies, the preceding process is reversed, and the sum is to be multiplied (instead of divided) by the several fractions. The answer is found in pounds and decimals of a pound. The decimal can be reduced to units of the shil. ling and pence order by a previous rule. (p. 182.)

EXAMPLES.

1. Reduce 1s. 6d. in the several currencies to Federal money.

2. Reduce 41d. of the several currencies to Federal money.

3. Reduce 4. 6d. of the several currencies to Federal

money.

4. Reduce 35£ 3s. 74d. of the several currencies to Federal money.

5. Reduce $118,25 to the several currencies.

Georgia? What is the rule for the reduction of Federal money to the several currencies?

Reduce 2s. 9d. of N. England currency to the same value in all other currencies.

Reduce 4s. 6d. N. York currency to the same value in all the other currencies.

REDUCTION FROM ONE CURRENCY TO AN OTHER.

The following table will enable the pupil to reduce a sum from one currency to another, with more facility than by any other method. Each fractional figure shows the relative value of a sum in one currency to the same sum in another currency.

For example, the 3 in the second perpendicular and the fourth horizontal column, shows that £1 sterling is of the number which expresses the same value in New England currency. Thus £6 sterling is of the number which expresses the same value in New England currency. That is, £6 is of the answer to be obtained when the same value is expressed in New England currency. To find the answer, we reason thus. If £6 is three fourths, £2 is one fourth, and £8 is the answer: thus dividing by 4. RULE FOR CHANGING A SUM IN ONE CURRENCY, TO THE SAME VALUE IN ANOTHER CURRENCY.

To change a sum in a currency written in the upper space to one written in the right hand space, divide by the fraction that stands where both spaces meet.

If there are shillings, pence and farthings in the sum, first reduce them to the decimal of a £.

What is the rule for the reduction of one currency to another?

EXAMPLES FOR PRACTICE.

1. Reduce £4 N. E. to F. M.
2. Reduce £2 3s. 9d. N. E. to F. M.
3. Reduce £6 N. Y. to F. M.
4. Reduce £8; 4; 9 N. Y. to F. M.
5. Reduce £3; 2; 3 Penn. to F. M.
6. Reduce $152.60 to N. E.

7. Reduce $196.00 to N. E.

8. Reduce $629.00 to N. Y.

Ans. $13,3331.

Ans. $7,2913.

Ans. $15.00. Ans. $20,5932. Ans. $8.30. Ans. £45; 15; 7.2.

9. Reduce £35; 6; 8 sterling to N. E.

Ans. £58; 16. Ans. £251; 12.

Ans. £47; 2; 2; 2.
Ans. $100.

10. Reduce £120 N. E. to Can.
11. Reduce £155; 13 N. E. to Sterling.

Ans. £116; 14; 9.