by securing for limited times to authors and Inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and Dis

coveries.

To constitute Tribunals inferior to the supreme Court:

To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offences against the law of Nations: To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water:

To raise and support Armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two Years: To provide and Maintain a Navy:

To make rules for the Government and regulation of the land and naval forces:

To provide for calling forth the Militia to execute the Laws of the Union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions: To provide for organizing, arming and disciplining the Militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the States respectively the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the Militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress:

To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such district (not exceeding ten Miles Square) as may, by cession of particular States, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the Government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the Legislature of the State in which the same shall be, for the erection of Forts, magazines, arsenals, dock yards and other needful buildings: And to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested

4

:

by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any Department or officer thereof.

Sect 9th The migration or importation of such persons as any of the States now existing shall think proper to admit, shall not be prohibited by the Congress prior to the Year one thousand eight hundred and eight, but a tax or duty may be imposed on such importation not exceeding ten dollars for each person.

The privilege of the writ of habeas-corpus shall not be sus-
pended, unless when in cases of rebellion or Invasion the
public safety may require it.

No bill of attainder or ex post facto law shall be passed.
No capitation, or other direct, tax shall be laid, unless in
proportion to the Census or enumeration herein before
directed to be taken.

No tax or duty shall be laid on articles exported from any
state, No preference shall be given by any regulation of
Commerce or revenue to the ports of one State over those
of another; nor shall Vessels bound to, or from one State
be obliged to enter, clear or pay duties in another.
No money shall be drawn from the Treasury, but in con-
sequence of appropriations made by law; and a regular
statement and Account of the receipts and expenditures of
all public money shall be published from time to time.

No title of Nobility shall be granted by the United States,
And no person holding any office of profit or trust under
them, shall without the Consent of the Congress accept of
any present, emolument, office or title of any kind what-
ever from any king, prince or foreign State.

Sect" 10th No state shall enter into any treaty, alliance, or confederation; grant letters of marque and reprisal, coin

money, emit bills of Credit, make any thing but gold and silver coin a tender in payment of debts; pass any bill of attainder, expost facto law, or law impairing the obligation of Contracts, or grant any title of Nobility.

or

No State shall, without the consent of the Congress, lay any imposts or duties on imports or exports, except what may be absolutely necessary for executing its inspection Laws; and the net produce of all duties and imposts laid by any state. on imports ["and" stricken out] exports, shall be for the Use of the Treasury of the United States; and all such laws shall be subject to the revision and controul of the Congress. No state shall without the consent of Congress, lay any duty of tonnage, keep troops, or ships of war in time of peace, enter into any agreement or compact with another State, or with a foreign power, or engage in War, unless actually invaded, or in such imminent danger as will not admit of delay.

Article 2d

Sect 1st The Executive power shall be vested in a president of the United States of America, He shall hold his office during the term of four years, and, together with the Vice-president, chosen for the same term, be elected as follows: Each state shall appoint in such manner as the Legislature thereof may direct a number of electors, equal to the whole number of Senators and representatives to which the state may be entitled in the congress; but no Senator or representative, or person holding an Office of trust or profit under the United States, shall be appointed an elector.

The Electors shall meet in their respective states, and vote by ballot for two persons, of whom one at least shall not be

an inhabitant of the same State with themselves, And they shall make a list of all the persons voted for and of the number of votes for each, which list they shall sign and certify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Government of the United States, directed to the president of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall, in the presence of the Senate and house of Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the Votes shall then be counted. The person having the greatest number of Votes shall be the President, if such Number be a Majority of the whole Number of electors appointed; and if there be more than one who have such majority, and have an equal number of Votes, then the house of Representatives shall immediately choose by ballot one of them for President; and if no person have a Majority, then from the five highest on the list the said house shall in like manner choose the President, But in choosing But in choosing the President, the Votes shall be taken by states, the representation from each state having one vote; a quorum for this purpose shall consist of a Member or Members from two-thirds of the states, and a Majority of all the States shall be necessary to a choice. In every case, after the choice of the president, the person having the greatest number of Votes of the electors shall be the Vice-president. But if there should remain two or more who have equal votes, the Senate shall choose from them by ballot the Vice-President.

The congress may determine the time of choosing the electors, and the day on which they shall give their Votes, which day shall be the same throughout the United States. No person except a natural born citizen or a citizen of the united States, at the time of the adoption of this Constitution, shall be eligible to the office of President; neither

shall any person be eligible to that office who shall not have attained to the age of thirty five years, and been fourteen years a resident within the United States.

In case of the removal of the president from office, or of his Death, resignation or inability to discharge the powers and Duties of the said office, the same shall devolve on the Vice president, and the Congress may by law provide for the case of Removal, death, resignation or inability, both of the Presi dent and Vice-president, declaring what officer shall then act as president, and such officer shall act accordingly, until the disability be removed, or a president shall be elected.

The President shall, at stated times, receive for his Services, a Compensation, which shall neither be encreased nor diminished during the period for which he shall have been elected, and he shall not receive within that period any other emolument from the United States or any of them.

Before he enter on the Execution of his office he shall take the following oath or affirmation:-"I do solemnly (or affirm) that I will faithfully execute the office of "President of the United States, and will to the best of my "ability preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of "the United States."

Sect 2a The president shall be commander in chief of the Army and Navy of the United States, and of the Militia of the several states, when called into the actual Service of the United States, he may require the Opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive Departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective Offices, and he shall have power to grant, reprieves and pardons for offences against the united States except in cases of impeachment. He shall have power by and with