CALIFORNIA STATE SERIES ADVANCED ARITHMETIC BY J. W. McCLYMONDS AND D. R. JONES REVISED BY THE STATE TEXT-BOOK COMMITTEE AND APPROVED BY THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION SACRAMENTO W. W. SHANNON, SUPERINTENDENT STATE PRINTING 143924 COPYRIGT 1910, BY THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA. COPYRIGHT, 1907, BY J. W. McCLYMONDS AND D. R. JONES. In the compilation of this book certain matter from PREFACE THIS text is designed for use in the grammar grades, following the completion of the Elementary Arithmetic of the same series. In the preparation of this text the authors have aimed (a) to secure skill in numerical computations and (b) to develop the power necessary to the solution of any practical problem that may arise in the common experiences of life. The following are some of the distinguishing features of this text: 1. The text contains an unusually large number of exercises that are designed to give facility in numerical computations. 2. In the presentation of each topic an effort has been made to stimulate thought and to develop self-reliance on the part of the pupils. Whenever the nature of the work admits, it calls for action on the part of the pupils, as in making measurements, engaging in business relations with others in the class, etc. 3. The scope of the work is restricted to the needs of the majority of persons in the common experiences of life. Traditional materials that make no contribution to the mastery of the essentials of arithmetic have been carefully eliminated. All of the work prescribed in the text proper is easily within the capacity of pupils in the grammar grades. Certain topics that are prescribed in some courses of study but purposely omitted from other courses have been presented in an Appendix, so that they may be used or omitted, as desired in each case, without destroying the continuity of the other work. 4. The problems of the text have been drawn from the common field of everyday experience. The necessary arithmetical training is had from dealing with practical problems within the experience of the pupils. No unreal problems, or problems dealing with artificial situations, or problems treating of situations remote from the experiences of the average pupil in the grammar grades, are introduced. The text aims to teach arithmetic only. 5. The text contains an unusual amount of oral work, including oral problems under every topic treated. The oral problems are everywhere related to the written work. No additional text in "mental" arithmetic need be used in conjunction with this text. 6. The methods of the text are those commonly employed in business life. 7. The work in fractions and compound numbers is limited to the practical needs of life. Special attention is given in fractions to the use of those fractions which pupils must handle later on as the fractional equivalents of certain per cents. Commission, Taxes, Insurance, etc., are made part of the work in Percentage and are not treated as separate topics. The work in Interest has been considerably reduced, and but one method of finding interest is recommended. 8. A constant review of all previous work is maintained throughout the text. Finally, the aim of the authors has been to present a course in arithmetic that will secure a thorough knowledge of the essentials of this subject. |