4. Sold melons for $.75 that cost $.50. What was the

gain per cent.?

5. What is gained per cent. by selling pine-apples at 30 cents each, that cost $15 a hundred?

6. Sold a sewing machine at a loss of of what it cost. What was the loss per cent.?

7. What % is gained on goods sold at double the cost? 8. What % is lost on goods sold at one-half the cost? 9. What per cent. profit does a grocer make who buys sugar at 10 cents and sells it at 12 cents?

10. What per cent. is gained on an article bought at $3 and sold at $5?

528. 1. A dealer sold flour at a profit of $2 a barrel, and gained 25%. What was the cost?

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ANALYSIS. Since the gain was 25% 25 105, or 1, $2 is of the cost; $2 is of 4 times $2, or $8. Hence, etc. (516.)

2. Sold hats for $1 less than cost, and lost 16%. What did they cost?

3. A merchant sells silk at a profit of $1 a yard, which is 40% gain. What did it cost, and what is the selling price?

4. If corn selling for 21 cents a bushel more than cost gives a profit of 30%, what did it cost?

5. Sold sheep at $24 more than cost, which was a profit of 50%. What did they cost, and what is the selling price? 6. Shoes sold at $.50 above cost give a profit of 121%. What did they cost?

7. A farmer, by selling a cow for $12 less than she cost, lost 33%. What did she cost?

8. A grocer sells a certain kind of tea for 6 cents a pound more than cost and gains 5%. What did it cost?

529. 1. A watch was sold for $120, at a gain of 20%. What was the cost?

ANALYSIS. Since the gain was 20%, or, of the cost, $120, the selling price, is of the cost. of $120, or $20, is of the cost, and ğ, or the cost itself, is 5 times $20, or $100. Hence, etc. (518.) 2. Sold tea at $.90 a pound, and gained 25%. What did it cost?

3. A newsboy, by selling his papers at 4 cents each, gains 33%. What do they cost him?

4. A man sold a horse and harness for $330, which was 10% more than they cost. What was their cost?

5. If 20% is lost by selling wheat at $1.60 a bushel, what would be gained if sold at 20% above cost?

6. John Rice lost 40% on a reaper, by selling it for $60. For what should he have sold it to gain 40%?

7. If, by selling books at $2 a volume, there is a gain of 25%, at what price must they be sold to lose 15%?

8. Two pictures were sold for $99 each; on one there was a gain of 10%, on the other a loss of 10%. Was there a gain or loss on the sale of both, and how much?

530. 1. A hogshead of sugar bought for $108.80 was sold at a profit of 124%. What was the gain?

OPERATION.—$108.80 × .121 = $13.16. (512.)

FORMULA.-Profit or Loss Cost Rate %.

Find the Profit or Loss,

2. On land that cost $1745, and was sold at a gain of 20%. 3. On goods that cost $3120, and were sold at 27% gain. 4. On a boat bought for $2545, and sold at 25% loss.

5. On goods bought for $2560.75, and sold at 8% loss. 6. On 25 tons of iron rails bought at $58 a ton, and sold at an advance of 17%.

7. A merchant pays $6840 for a stock of spring goods, and sells them at an advance of 26% on the purchase price. After deducting $375 for expenses, what is his gain?

8. A miller bought. 1000 bushels of wheat at $1.84 a bushel, and sold the flour at 16% advance on the cost of the wheat. What was his profit?

9. Bought 128 tons of coal at $5.124 a ton, and sold it at a gain of 22%. What was the entire profit?

10. A ship, loaded with 3840 bbl. of flour, being overtaken by a storm, found it necessary to throw 371% of her cargo overboard. What was the loss at $7.65 a bbl.?

11. A man bought a pair of horses for $450, which was 25% less than their real value, and sold them for 25% more than their real value; what was his gain?

531. 1. Bought a house for $4380. For what must it be sold to gain 14%?

OPERATION.-$4380 × (1+.141) or 1.145 $5015.10. (512.)

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2. At what price must pork, bought at $18.40 a barrel, be sold, to lose 15%?

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OPERATION.-$18.40 × (1.15), or .85 $15.64. (512.)

FORMULA.-Selling Price={Cost X (1-Rate % of Loss). Cost x (1+Rate % of Gain).

Find the Selling Price,

3. Of goods bought at $187.50, and sold at 11% gain. 4. Of beef bought at $12 a barrel, and sold at 91% loss. 5. Of cotton bought at $.14, and sold at a gain of 21%. 6. Of cloth that cost $5 a yard, and was sold at a profit of 181%?

7. At what price must goods that cost $34 a yard be marked, to gain 25%? To lose 20%?

8. Sold a lot of damaged goods at a loss of 15%. What was the selling price of those that cost $.624? $1.25?

9. Bought a hogshead of sugar containing 9 cwt. 56 lb. for $86.04, and paid $4.78 freight and cartage. At what price per pound must it be sold to gain 20%?

532. 1. Bought wool at $.48 a pound, and sold it at $.60 a pound. What per cent. was gained?

OPERATION.-$.60 - $.48 = $.12; and $.12 ÷ $.48.25 = 25%.

(515.)

2. Sold for $10.02 an article that cost $12. What was the loss per cent.?

OPERATION.-$12-$10.02-$1.98; and $1 98÷$12=.163=161%. Profit or Loss ÷ Cost.

FORMULA.-Rate %

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Find the rate per cent. of profit or loss,

3. On sugar bought at 8 cents and sold at 93 cents. 4. On tea bought at $1, and sold at $.874.

5. On goods that cost $275, and were sold for $330.

6. On grain bought for $1.25 a bushel, and sold for $1.60 a bushel.

7. On a sewing-machine sold for $72.96, at a gain of $9.12.

8. On goods sold for $425.98, at a loss of $134.52.

9. Bought paper at $3 a ream, and sold it at 25 cents a quire. What was the gain per cent.?

10. A dealer bought 108 bbl. of apples at $4.621, and sold them so as to gain $114.881. What was his gain %? 11. If of an acre of land is sold for the cost of an acre, what is the gain per cent.?

12. If of an acre of land is sold for the cost of of an acre, what is the loss per cent.?

13. If of a chest of tea is sold for what the whole chest cost, what is the gain per cent. on the part sold?

533. 1. A speculator sold grain at a profit of 331%, by which he made 25 cents on a bushel. What did it cost? OPERATION.-$.25÷.331=$.75. Or, $.25÷1=$.75. (518.)

2. Lost $45.75 on the sale of a horse, which was 20% of the cost. What was the cost?

OPERATION.-$45.75÷.20-$228.75. Or $45.75÷=$228.75.

FORMULA.-Cost Profit or Loss Rate %.

Find the Cost,

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3. Of goods sold at $1500 profit, or a gain of 16%. 4. Of flour sold at a loss of $.88, or 10%, on a barrel. 5. Of wheat sold at a loss of 6 cents, or 4%, on a bu. ? 6. Of lumber sold at an advance of $4.95 per M., or 35% gain.

7. If a grocer sells his stock at a profit of 15%, what amount must he sell to clear $2500?

8. A and B engage in speculation. A gains $2000, which is 124% of his capital, and B loses $500, which is 5% of his capital. What sum did each invest?

534. 1. A furniture dealer sold two parlor sets for $450 each; on one he made 15%, on the other he lost 15%. What did each cost him?

OPERATION.

($450÷(1+.15)=$391.30+, cost of one.

} $450÷(1—.15)=$529.41+, cost of the other. (520.)

FORMULA.—Cost=Selling Price÷ {(1+ Rate % of gain.)

(1-Rate % of loss.)