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Ancient History.-For Tacitus, Ann. i.-iv. Capes. Early Roman Empire. 2s. 6d. Longmans.

Greeks and

For Herod. vii.-ix. Cox.
Persians. 2s. 6d. Longmans.

English History.-Green's History of the English People. 7s. 6d. Macmillan.

Frank Bright. English History for
Schools.* 4s. 6d. Rivingtons.

Scripture History.-Maclear. 3s. 6d. Macmillan.
Arithmetic.-J. Hamblin Smith. 3s. 6d. Rivingtons.

Deductive Logic.-Fowler. 3s. 6d.

Clarendon Press

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The First Year Examination is taken at the beginning of the student's fourth term, i.e., exactly a year from his entering. And here one of the many advantages of entering in October is evident. A student entering in October (1) passes his First Year Examination in the following October, and may take his Degree the June after, i.e., in twenty months from entering; (2) should he fail to pass his First Year Examination in October, he has a second chance in January, and, if he passes then, may still with hard work take his Degree the June after. But a student entering in January (1) passes his First Year Examination the following January, and must wait till December for his Degree, i.e., twenty-three months from entering; (2) should he fail to pass in January, he must wait till October for a second chance; and even if he passes then, he has little hope of getting his Degree in December, for he will have barely two months between the two examinations.

The First Year Examination passed, he will begin reading for the Final Examination, which is somewhat similar in character.

1. Tacitus, Annals i.—iv., or Virgil, Æneid i.—vi. 2. Homer, Odyssey i.-vi., or Herodotus vii.-ix.

* In three volumes, sold separately; the student will select the volume containing the period required.

3. The Gospel of S. John and the Acts in Greek. 4. Greek and Latin Grammar.

5. Ancient History, viz., that contained in Tacitus, Annals i.-iv., or that contained in Herodotus vii.-ix.

6. Paley's Evidences of Christianity;

Natural Theology, omitting chapters xix. xxii.

7 and 8. Any two of the following subjects :(1) Mechanics.

(2) English History; about five or six reigns, fixed annually.

(3) Euclid, Books i.-iv.

(4) Deductive Logic.

(5) French or German. An author in each is set annually. Translation from English into French or German is required.

(6) Hebrew; portions of the Old Testament are set annually. Translation from English into Hebrew is required.

In all three cases, French, German, and Hebrew, questions in Grammar are set.

Information as to useful editions of the various books will in most cases be found under the head of the First Year Examination. Those who can afford the time might now read larger and more informing books, especially in getting up the historical portion of their work. Thus, instead of Cox's Greeks and Persians, portions of Grote, Thirlwall, or Curtius, might very profitably be read; instead of Capes' Early Roman Empire, portions of Merivale's Romans under the Empire or of Beesly's Catiline, Claudius, Tiberius. Again, the English History might be read in the larger edition of Greene, in Freeman, Ranke, or Stubbs, according to the period.

The Final Examination passed, the student has nothing but formalities to go through in order to

obtain his Degree.* (1) If he is in his sixth term, he must take care that he has kept 45 days before the Convocation Day, which is always the last Tuesday in the term. (2) He must call on the Senior Proctor, shew certificates of having kept six terms, and pay the fee of £3. (3) He must be present in Convocation to be presented to the Warden and admitted to the Degree of B.A., at which occasion he wears the B.A. gown and hood.

The newly made B.A., if he intends taking Orders, will probably keep some terms in Theology. He should make a point of doing so, if there is no serious obstacle. This being determined, he ought to aspire to the Graduates' Exhibition (£40), which is offered twice a year, in October and in January, for graduates entering the Theological Course. The work for it is the same as that for the First Year Examination in Theology, together with anything that the examiners like to set. Some pieces from the Fathers to be translated, or an essay on some Theological subject, are commonly set. The newly made B.A. should at once ascertain what the subjects for the First Year Examination are, with a view to becoming a candidate. Even if he thinks he has little chance of winning the exhibition he will find the work for the examination a most valuable introduction to the Theological Course. Some portion of the work, e.g., one or more Gospels, the Acts of the Apostles, and Paley's Evidences, he will already have done for his Degree. The rest ought not to be very formidable to him. We have next to consider the course of those who aim at

Honours in Classics.

As in the Pass Course there are three Examinations to be passed (1) Matriculation, at entrance; (2) the First Year Examination, at the beginning of the fourth term, or later; (3) the Final Examination,

* See Chapter IX.

E

at the end of the sixth term, or later. Candidates for Honours should, if possible, allow themselves three years for the whole course. Even if by dint of hard reading a First Class is obtained, both at the First Year and Final Examinations, yet the work cannot satisfactorily be done in the time. Knowledge is swallowed whole rather than digested, and what might have been a most valuable education is turned into unwholesome cramming. Moreover, a student who endeavours to scramble through the work in two years is extremely likely to fail to obtain the highest Honours, and runs a risk of seriously injuring his chance of obtaining a Fellowship. To put it on the lowest grounds, he risks losing a First Class (which has a high pecuniary value to all who intend to make tuition their profession afterwards) and also a Fellowship, in order to avoid the expense and trouble of two or three additional terms spent in completing his education. Thus, a candidate for Honours who enters in October, 1880, should not think of going in for his Final Examination before December, 1882, although the University allows him to go in as early as June, 1882. It would be wisest to wait until June, 1883, so as to have three full years for the course.

Candidates for Honours should make a point of entering in October. Those who enter in January are at a serious disadvantage. They miss the introductory lectures, which always fall in the Michaelmas Term. This is a drawback in all subjects; and in such difficult subjects as Logic and Aristotle's Ethics (which are seldom or never taught at school) the loss is one which cannot properly be recovered afterwards. To begin a hard subject in the middle instead of at the beginning is to incur the danger of never obtaining a clear comprehension of it. Moreover, a candidate for Honours entering in January, who from ill health or other causes did not feel equal to going in for the First Year Examination the following January,

would have to wait until the next October, thus taking five terms for the easier and less important examination; whereas one who enters in October, and is not ready the following October, has only to wait till January.

In ordinary cases it is not advisable to take more than three terms for the First Year Examination. Scholars are not allowed to take more than three terms; those who obtain scholarships on entering the University are required (unless prevented by illness) to go in for Honours at the beginning of their fourth term. The work can be done in a year, and failure to obtain a First Class is comparatively unimportant. Everything should be done to secure the highest Honours in the Final Examination. Therefore, if a student is prepared to give nine terms to the whole course, he had better take three terms for the First and six for the Final, rather than four for the First and five for the Final. Of course if less than nine terms be given to the whole, it becomes almost imperative to take only three for the First Year Examination.

We must now discuss the nature of the

First Year Examination for Honours in Classics.

The candidate will probably have tried for an Admission Scholarship on entering the University. No subjects for such scholarships are announced beforehand; but there could not be a better preparation than a portion of the work for the First Year Examination, viz., Greek and Latin Composition, with the Greek and Latin authors specified, excepting Aristotle's Ethics.

It will be observed that some of the subjects are pass subjects: Scripture History, Two Gospels, and Arithmetic. Of the remainder, Aristotle, Ethics i.—iii., Homer, Odyssey i.—iv., Horace, Odes, are constant; the rest are liable to change. But in Greek, two plays of Eschylus, of Sophocles, and of Aristophanes, with two books of Herodotus and

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