AN EXPLANATORY AND PRACTICAL ARITHMETIC, ADAPTED TO THE BUSINESS AND COMMERCE OF THE UNITED STATES; CONTAINING ALL THE MOST USEFUL PRACTICAL RULES OF THE SCIENCE. BY JOHN ROSE. Philadelphia : PUBLISHED BY THE AUTHOR, S.W. CORNER OF FOURTH AND TAMMANY STREETS AND BY G. W. MENTZ & SON, 53 N. THIRD ST. STEREOTYPED BY J. HOWE. 1835 Entered according to the act of Congress, in the year 1834, by JOHN ROSE, in the clerk's office of the district court for the eastern district of Pennsylvania. Signs. EXPLANATION OF CHARACTERS. Significations. =equal; as, 100 cents 1 dollar. + addition; as, 6+2=8. subtraction; as, 12—4—8. x multiplication; as, 4×3=12. division; as, 16÷4=4; or, 4)16(4; or, 16=4. :: proportion; as, 2:4::8:16; that is, as 2 is to 4 so is 8 to 16: or, the same proportion that 4 is to 2, so is 16 to 8. 12—3+5=4 a vinculum; the line over the 3 and 5 connects all the numbers over which it is drawn jointly as a simple quantity. ✔square root; as, √36=6. cube root; as, 3/216=6. the fourth root; as, /16=2. dollars; or, a decimal of a dollar; thus, $4, reads four dollars; and $.25 reads twenty-five hundredths of a dollar, or 25 cents. The letters made use of to express the word PERTHAMBOY, will be substituted instead of figures, to express the answers in the compound rules; the word containing ten letters, it is easy to conceive each letter to be a figure, beginning at the left hand; thus, perth amboy. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0. © 1-14-50 ADE THE author has, from his own observation and experience, long since been convinced, that among the many treatises of arithmetic, no one that has come under his notice, is sufficiently adapted to the business of the country. Some are defective in the rules and examples of admeasurement, and the real business of our own country; others are too abstruse in the primary rules, being deficient in both explanations and examples. The last mentioned fault is the one complained of in the author's former treatise: he begs leave, therefore, to withdraw it, and to offer one in its place, which will have no recommendation but its merit, if it be found to possess any. The great object in view in this treatise has been, to explain and simplify the six Fundamental Rules, with general explanations, and more numerous examples in the rules applicable to the business of the country in which we live. The utility of a work of this kind, adapted to Federal Money, is too obvious to need any comment. The author will not say, that he has produced such a work ;-but he has endeavored to do so, and he leaves it for the public to determine whether he has succeeded. The author will conclude by suggesting that daily examinations upon arithmetic should take place in every school where it is taught. The scholar should learn the principles of the different rules, and be subjected to a strict course of questioning, in order to determine whether these are properly understood. PHILADELPHIA, June, 1834. |