Gerhard, a judicious expofitor of scripture in xvii cent. v,
295; his moral writings, 299.
Germans, their converfion begun in ii. cent. i. 149 and [ƒ];
wholly converted in viii cent. by Winfrid Boniface, ii.
204; what judgment to be formed of their apostles,
205, 206.
a fect of Anabaptifts in xvi cent. fo called, iv.
463.
Germanus, Bishop of Conftantinople, a zealous advocate for
image-worship, ii. 246; is degraded on this account by
the emperor Leo the Ifaurian, 262.
Germany, many churches planted here in iii cent. i. 247
and [.
Gerfon, John, his great character, iii. 441; a zealous op-
pofer of papal defpotifm, and the defign of his writings
to check fuperftition, ibid. and [o]; labours to reform
the schoolmen in xv cent. 454 and [b].
Ghoft, holy, its derivation, controversy concerning in viii
cent. ii. 268; the origin of this difpute uncertain, ib.
and [b]; debated in a council at Aix la Chapelle and
at Rome in the following cent. 338, 339; and the mea-
fures taken by the Latin churches on this account, ibid.
and [b, i].
Gilbert, Bishop of London, his character as a commenta-
tor, iii. 87; furnamed The Univerfal, for his extenfive
erudition, ibid.
Gildas, a writer in vi cent. his character, ii. 123.
Girardin, Dr Patrick Piers de, his remarkable difcourfe
in the Sorbonne, relative to the project of union between
the English and Gallican churches, vi. 72; writes to
Archbishop Wake on this account, and the answer he
receives, 73; is highly pleased with the answer, altho'
written with a truly Proteftant fpirit, 74; the corres-
pondence is divulged, he is reprimanded by the Abbé
du Bois, and threatened with being fent to the Bastile,
unless he delivers up all the letters that paffed on this
occafion, 87; continues a faint correfpondence with
Wake after Du Pin's death, but without effect, 89.
Glaffias, his facred philology, v. 296; great character,
312 and [k].
Glycas, a good historian in xii cent. iii. 27.
Gnostics, whence their name, i. 133; prevailed in the
apoftolic age, and flourish under the Emperor Adrian,
134 and []; who comprehended under that name,
ibid. fprung from the oriental philosophy, ibid. the
cause of many dangerous errors concerning the fcrip-
tures, 135; their impious opinions about Chrift, and
moral doctrines, 136; bafe methods used to fupport
their tenets, 138; diffenfions amongst them, whence,
ibid. their principles revived and adopted in iv cent.
427.
Godefchalc, a monk of Orbais in ix cent. ii. 315; begins
a controverfy concerning predestination and grace, 343;
his doctrine violently oppofed by Rabanus Maurus, 344;
is twice condemned, and inhumanly treated, ibid. his
advocates, 346; tenets, and how represented by his ad-
vocates and his opponents, 347 and [p, q], 348 and [r];
the judgment to be formed of this controverfy, ibid.
difpute with Hincmar about the hymn 1rina Deitas,
ibid.
Godfrey, Duke of Lorrain, engages in the first crufade in
xi cent. ii. 442; his great character, ibid. and [r, s];
takes Jerufalem, 444; is faluted with the title of king
of Jerufalem, but declines accepting it, and why, ibid.
445 and [x].
Godofred, the Norman, having conquered Friesland, em-
braces Christianity in ix cent. ii. 284.
Gomar, Francis, oppofes Arminius in his fchifm, v. 367;
triumphs over him at the fynod of Dort, yet gains no
ground, ibid. his doctrine despised in England under ́
James I. 389 and [b]; controverfy with Arminius,
whence it began, and by whom treated, 441 and [c].
Gonefius, introduces the heresy of Servetus into Poland, iv.
174 and [k].
Gorcomius, Henry, a fcholaftic writer in xv cent. iii.
443.
Goths, their converfion to Christianity, i. 246, 338; their
invafion of the Roman empire, ii. 1; cruelty to the
Christians in Gaul, 13.
Grace, various controverfies concerning, in v cent.
ii. 93; Auguftin's opinions concerning it, in explaining
which his disciples are not agreed, ibid. and [k]; dif-
putes about it in ix cent. and its unhappy confequences,
343, 344; a fubject of controverfy in xvi cent. iv. 235;
contests about it in xvii cent. and hence the terms Sub-
lapfarians and Supralapfarians, v. 366, 367.
Gradmontains, an order of monks, their rife in xi cent.
ii. 532, 534 and [ƒ].
Granianius's remonftrance to the Emperor Adrian, in fa-
vour of the Chriftians fuccessful, and by what means,
Gras, Louisa le, founds the Virgins of Love, a female
order, in xvii cent. v. 175.
Gratian, a Monk, compofes an epitome of the canon law,
iii. 35.
Greece, the state of learning there, in i cent. i. 92; Ro-
mifh miffions, v. 246.
Greek and Latin churches, fchifm between them unhappily
revived in xi cent. ii. 553; its progrefs, 554; many
attempts for a reconciliation in xiii cent. ineffectual, iii.
256, 257-
language, the ftudy of it much frequented in xiii
cent. iii. 151.
Greeks, two Emperors among them in xiii cent. iii. 134;
their deplorable ftate after the invafion of the Turks,
iv. 252, 253.
Gregory, Thaumaturgus, his works and miracles, i.
the Enlightener, converts the Arminians, i.
of Nazianzen and of Nyffa, account of them and
their works, i. 359.
the Great, fends Auguftine with many Bene-
dictines into Britain in vi cent. ii. 97; the fuccefs of
his labours in the weft, 99; diflikes the methods by
which Christianity is propagated in his time, ibid. and
[m]; his literary character, 121; moral and religious
character, 125; expofitions, 127; inftitutes many fu-
perftitious rites, 138; his canon of the mafs, 139; and
ftations, 140; is fuccefsful in his difpute with the
Donatifts, 142.
of Tours, his character as a writer, ii. 123.
Pifides, his works, ii. 174.
II. Pope, excommunicates and depofes Leo the
Ifaurian, ii. 262; his zeal for images, 263 and [s].
Gregory III. Pope, zealous for image-worship, ii. 293
and [s].
VII. (Hildebrand), Pope, his election unani-
moufly approved, ii. 489; his extraordinary character,
ibid. 490 and [u], 491 and [w]; aims at univerfal em-
pire in church and state, and the methods used by him
to accomplish this end, 492, 493 and [y]; requires the
fubjection of France and Spain to the fee of Rome, 494;
his demands more regarded in Spain than in France and
England, 495; the fuccefs they met with in other pla-
ces, 496; his zeal for extending papal authority meets
with the greatest fuccefs in Italy, and why, 498; de-
crees against fimony and concubinage among the clergy,
and the tumults they excite, 500, 503 and [9], 504 and
[r]; reafons for extirpating inveftitures, 515; dies, and
is fainted, 521; his moderate and candid behaviour to
Berenger, 563; revokes an order of his predeceffor
Pope Nicolas II. ibid. and [x]; his real fentiments of
the Eucharift, 565 and [x]; his zeal for impofing the
Romish ritual, and an uniformity of worship, on all the
Latin churches, 573.
IX. Pope, excommunicates Frederic II. and why,
iii. 136 and []; his charge of impiety against the Em-
peror, 146; the calamities that arose from his ambition,
176; fends a copy of the charge to all the European
Princes, which is anfwered by the Emperor, 177;
drew immenfe fums out of England in the reign of Hen-
ry III. ibid. [i]; attempts to depofe Frederic, and how
prevented, 178.
X. Pope, his character, iii. 181, 182; his impe-
rious and threatening letters to the German Princes, &c.
ibid. and []; fuppreffes the various orders of Mendi-
cants, and confines them to four, 1 193.
XI. Pope, his character, iii. 325; transfers the
papal feat from Avignon to Rome, and repents of it,
326.
XII. (Angeli Corrario) Anti-Pope, iii. 401; re-
figns, 405.
XV. Pope founds the college de propaganda fide
at Rome in xvii cent. v. I; his character, 98.
Gribaldi, Matthew, his doctrine, iv. 493; inclines to the
Arian fyftem, 498, fub not. [m] in fine.
Grifons, doctrine of Claudius propagated among them, iv 487, 488 and [×].
Groningenifts, a fect of the refined Anabaptifts, and whence fo called, v. 492 and [g].
Grotius, his book on the rights of war and peace, v. 76; endeavours to reconcile the church of Rome and the Proteftants, 130; a philofophical reformer, particularly of the Peripatetics, 285; his hypothefis concerning the prophets, 359; a favourer of the Arminians, 442; mifunderstanding between him and Prince Maurice, which turns to an open rupture, and whence, 447 and [i]; is caft into prifon, 448 and [], 449 and [7].
Gruet, oppofes Calvin, iv. 432; his impious tenets, and fate, ibid.
Guelphs and Guibelines, a feditious faction in xiii cent. iii. 180; become formidable in Italy, ibid.
Guido (Guy Juvenal), attempts a reformation among the Monks in xv cent. iii. 433.
Guifcard, Robert, Duke of Apuila, drives the Saracens out of Italy in xi cent. iii. 437
Gunpowder Plot, an account of, v. 118; remarkable paffage in one of the confpirators letters, ibid. and [g]. Guntherus, his character, iii. 155.
Guftavus, Vala Ericfon, king of Sweden, zealous in promoting the Reformation among the Swedes, iv. 79, his zeal tempered with great prudence, 80 and [m]; publies Petri's tranfiation of the Bible, and permits the Archbishop of Upfal to make another, ibid. and [n]; commands them to hold a conference, which ends in favour of Petri, ibid. refolved at Wefteraas to admit the Reformation, which is oppofed by the clergy, and why, 81 and [0]; fubverts the papal empire, and is declared head of the church, ibid.
Adolphus, maintains the caufe of the Germanic liberties against the Emperor of Ferdinand in xvii cent. V. III; falls at the battle of Lutzen, 112 and [w]. Guthebald, an English prieft, fuccefsful in his wiffion among the Norwegians in x cent. ii. 383.
Guyon, Madame, a patron of Quietifm in France, v. 235; her writings refuted by Boffuet, ibid. and [0];
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