Irene, poisons her husband Leo IV. Emperor, and reigns, ii. 265; her alliance with Adrian, Pope, 266; infamous character, ibid.

Irish, converted to Christianity in v cent. i. 8; called Scots, in viii cent. and eminent for their learning, 256 and [m]; illuftrate Chriftian doctrines by philofophical principles, ibid. their sophism about the Trinity, ibid. the rife of the Reformation among them, iv. 126. 128. and [m].

Irnerius, if he perfuaded the Emperor Lotharius II. to fubftitute the Roman law inftead of all others, iii. 34. and []

Ibraniki (Rofkolsnika), fect in Ruffia, its rife in xvii cent. v. 253; excite commotions with fome of their tenets, ibid. [m, n] 254 [0]; methods taken to conquer their obftinacy fruitlefs, 255; treated with more humanity under Peter the Great, but their schism not healed, ibid.

Ifenberg, church of, embraces Calvinism, iv. 409. Ifidore, of Pelufium, his character, ii. 34; his epiftles, ibid. [i, k]: commentaries on the Scriptures, 41, 42 and [d]; cenfures the allegorical interpreters, 43.

of Seville, his character and works, ii 123, 126, 127. Ifychius, Bishop of Jerufalem, his works, ii. 174 and [9]. Jubilee year, when first instituted, iii. 263; its pretended antiquity contradicted and refuted, 264 [x]; altered in Xiv cent. 370.

Julia Mammaa, her fentiments favourable to Christianity, i. 243; Chriftians enjoy peace under her fon Severus Alexander, ibid.

Julian, made fole Emperor, attempts to deftroy Chriftianity, i. 328; his apoftacy, to what owing, 330; confummate dexterity, and ruinous projects how prevented, ibid. his death and true character, ib. and [d, e]; his great defects, and ignorance of true philofophy, 331 and [f]; permits the Jews to attempt the rebuilding of of their temple, ibid.

Bishop of Halicarnaffus, his doctrine of the body of Christ, ii. 147; what names given to his followers, 148.

Juliana, her extravagant conceits, iii. 261, 262 and [s].

Julianus,

Julianus Pomerius, collects the precepts of mysticism into a system, ii. 48 and [o]; confutes the Jews, 175; his explanatory works, 178.

Julias Africanus, his character and works, i. 270.

II. Pope, his infamous character, iv. 10; miferable ftate of the church under him, 11; calls a Lateran council, and dies, 12; whence he affumed his name, 192 [b].

II. Pope, his vile character, iv. 192 [d]. Funilius, his works, ii. 125, 126 and [y].

Ivo, Bishop of Chartres, zealous in maintaining the rights of the church, ii. 542.

Juftin Martyr, writes an apology for the Chriftians under Antoninus Pius, and thus prevails on the Emperor to ftop the perfecution, i. 160; publishes another under Aurelius, 161; fuffers martyrdom, 162; his great character, 180; expofition on the Revelations loft, 186; why unfuccefsful in his controverfy with the Jews, 188; his writings against the secaries loft, igo; moral treatises, 191.

Juftinian, Emperor, his edict against Origen, ii. 132; and against three chapters, 135; drives the Vandals out of Africa, and Goths out of Italy, 143; his Pandect found in xii cent. at Melfi, iii. 33.

Lawrence, his character, iii. 455.

Juvenal, Bishop of Ælia, his ambition, ii. 24; affumes the dignity of Patriarch of all Palestine, 25; his power explained, ibid. [q]; and granted to him by the Chalcedon council, ibid.

K.

KABBALA, what, i. 92; much taught among the Jews, ibid.

Kang-bi, Chinese Emperor, favoured the Miffionaries, v. 20, 21 and [s]; great character and munificence to the Jefuits, ibid.

Karit, nation of the Tartars, embrace Chriftianity in x cent. ii. 373.

Keith, George, with others, reduces Quakerism to a tolerable regular form in xvii cent. v. 471, 478; excites difputes among them, and concerning what, 476; the VOL. VI. debates

Y

debates brought before the Parliament, and he is excommunicated, 477; embraces and dies in the communion of the church of England, ibid. [y, x]. Kempis, Thomas, his character, iii. 443 and [u]. Kepler, an eminent aftronomer in xvii cent. v. 72. Knighthood, military orders, their inititution in xii cent and ufe, iii. 18.

Knights, Sword-bearers, a military order founded to convert the Livonians, iii 5.

Knox, John, his character, iv. 124 and [g]; infpired the Scots with an utter abhorrence of Popery, even to a total extirpation of it, 125; this fpirit how modified. in other countries, ibid. []; departed not altogether from the ancient form, and how, 126, in fine not. [k]; founder of the church in Scotland, 386.

Knutzen, his impiety, v. 62; founder of a fect, which was checked and extirpated, ibid.

Kodde (Vander three brothers), founders of the Collegiants, and account of, v. 507.

Knoing fberg, divines of, friends to Calixtus's pacific plan, V. 310.

Kunrath, an eminent phyfician and Paracelfift in xvi cent. iv. 301.

LABBADIE, John, his character, v. 511 and [6]; fingu, lar tenets, 512 and [d]; his auftere fanctity and treatifes, 514 and [e].

Labadifts, rife of that fect in xvii.cent. and by whom founded, v. 511, and [b, c]; after feveral migrations on the death of their founder, they fall into oblivion, 512; character of fome of the members, ibid. doctrine and difcipline of this fect, ibid. and [d].

Lactantius, an excellent writer among the Latins in iv. cent. i. 361 and [g, b]; an eminent polemic divine, 373. Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury, his character and works, ii. 542 and [w]; commentary on St Paul's Epiftles, 547; introduces logic into theology, 548; his candour, a proof of the modeft views of the firft Schoolmen, 549 [c].

Langton

Langton, Archbishop of Canterbury, his contefted elec
tion, and the confequences, iii. 172; character, and
works, 238 and [d].

Languages, Oriental, ftudied in xiii cent. iii. 156; the
ftudy of, much encouraged by Clement V. Pope, in
xiv cent. 306; improvement in xvii cent. v. 75; ad
vantageous to the cause of religion, ibid.
Latins, learning encouraged among them by Charlemagne
in viii cent. ii. 214; ftate of philofophy among them
in x cent. wretched, 395; complaints of infidelity and
atheism among them in xiii cent. iii. 145, 146 and
[o]; great fchifm among them in xiv cent. 326; dif-
putes about the worship due to Chrift's blood in xv
cent. 457; the multiplicity of rites they had in this
cent. and increase, 460; inftances by Popes, ibid.
Latitudinarians, their rife in England in xvii cent. and
pacificatory endeavours, v. 412; doctrine, and chief
leaders, 414 and [d]; meet with opposition, 415; fuc-
cefs upon the Restoration of King Charles II. and fince,
ibid. and [e].

Laud, Archbishop, his character, v. 119 and []; intro-
duces Arminianifm into England, 369; mixed character,
and arbitrary proceedings, 392, 393 and [1, m]; is tried,
condemned, and beheaded, 396.

Laungy, expofes the tyranny of Papal claims in xvii cent.
v. 163.

Laufanne, city of, embraces Calvinism, iv. 384.
Law, Roman, its study happily reftored in xii cent. and
whence, iii. 33; opinion about fubftituting it in the
place of all others, 34 and [];-canon, admitted to
the fame privilege, ibid. civil and canon, much studied
in xiii cent. iii. 163.

Leadley, Jane, foundress of the Philadelphian fociety, her
ftrange notions and followers, v. 516.

Learning, when first introduced to fupport the cause of
Christianity, i. 184; advantageous to the Reformation,
and one great cause of it, iv. 9. See Letters.

Lebuin, of England, zealous in preaching the gospel, and
where, in viii cent. ii. 207.

Leenhoff, Frederick Van, account of his book, entitled,
"Heaven upon Earth," whence he is accused of Spi-
nozifm, vi. 36.

Y 2

Legion,

Legion, thundering, account of its miracles, i. 153, 154
and [n]; the certain diftinguished from the doubtful ac-
counts of this ftory, 154.

Libnitz, his philofophy retards the progrefs of Armi-
nianifm in Germany, v. 464 and [ee] ; fome of its
principles favourable to Calvinifm, 465, fub [ee]; his
philofophy applied by fome to illuftrate the doctrines of
Christianity, but rejected by the English Calvinifts, ib.
fub not. [ee]; his great improvements in metaphysics,
505
Leipfic, made an univerfity by Frederic the Wife xv.
cent. iii. 409; the difpute between Eckius and Carlo-
stadt, on the freedom and powers of the human will, iv.
43, 44 and notes; conference held at in vi cent. for recon-
ciling the Lutheran and Reformed churches, v. 272;
commotions at, and whence, 314.

Leo I. the Great, vigorous afferter of the power of the
Roman See, ii. 29; is ftrenuously opposed, and parti-
cularly by the Africans, 30; his character, 35 and
[o]; his legates prefide at the council of Chalcedon,
77; his famous epiftle to Flavianus received as a rule
of Faith, 78.

the Ifaurian, his conteft with the Pope, ii. 239;.
augments the power of the See of Conftantinople,
240; his laudable zeal against image-worship, 261;
iffues an edict against it, and for removing images out
of churches, with the fatal confequences, and whence,
ibid. the nature and extent of this edict examined, ib.
[r]; is excommunicated, 262; degrades Germanus for
- his attachment to image worship, and melancholy effects
of this feverity, ibid.

IV. Emperor, endeavours to fupprefs the practice
of image-worship, ii. 265; is poisoned by his wife Irene,
ibid. his death advantageous to the worship ofimages,ibid.
the Wife, an account of, ii. 287.

--

VI. Emperor, writes against the Saracens, ii. 332.
the philofopher, promotes learning among the
Greeks in x cent. ii.. 390; his fourth marriage occa-
fions violent difputes in the Greek churches, 425.

V. Pope, dethroned and imprisoned, ii. 400.

Leo