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image-worship, ib. its authority and this decifion ac-
knowledged by the church of Rome, 267.

Nicephorus, patriarch of Conftantinople, an account of his
defence of image-worship, ii. 312.

Calliftus, his ecclefiaftical hiftory, an account

of, iii. 304.

360.

Gregoras, his character, iii. 304; works,

Nicetas, Choniates, a Greek hiftorian in xiii cent. iii,

149.

David, an account of, ii. 314.

Pectoratus, a zealous advocate for the Greeks in
xi cent. ii. 540; his chain of commentaries on Job

547.

patriarch of Conftantinople, fufpends the Em-
peror Leo the philofopher, for marrying a fourth wife,
ii. 426; deprived by the Emperor, ib. is reftored to
his dignity by his fon, ib.

Nicholas II. Pope, his character, ii. 477 and [c]; his fa-
mous decree concerning, the election of the Pope, 479
and [e].

III. Pope, his famous conftitution, confirming
the rule of St Francis, iii. 214 and [x]; forbids all
private explications of this law, 215 and [a].

IV. Pope, refuses to crown the Emperor Rodol-
phus, till he acknowledged the papal pretenfions, iii.
169; his character, 184.

V. Pope, his great character, iii. 427; a great
patron of letters, ib.

Henry, founder of the Family of Love in xvi
cent. iv. 483; his opinions, 484.

Nicias, a polemic divine in vii cent. ii. 182; writes a-
gainst the Gentiles, ib.

Nicolaitans, an account of this fect, i. 143.

Nicolle, a Janfenift doctor and polemic divine, v. 133;
his character and works, ib. [g, b]; a follower of Des
Cartes, 181; patron of the Janfenifts, 208.

Nicon, his treatise on the religion of the Armenians in x
cent. ii. 414.

Nieder, John, his works, and the use of them, iii. 442.
Nibufius, a Popish methodist, his work, v. 132 and [d].
Nilus, character of his works, ii. 35.

Noailles,

345

Noailles, Cardinal de, oppofes the Bull Unigenitus of Cle-
ment XI. and the event, vi. 33.

Nobili, Robert de, account of that Jefuit's miffion, v. II;
his fingular ftratagems in Madura, ib. and []; fol-
lowed by other Jefuits with furprifing fuccefs, and the
causes, 12 and [m], and *.

Noetus, his doctrine of the Trinity, i. 305; followers,
whence called Patripaffians, ib.

Nogaret, William de, feizes the perfon of Pope Boniface
VIII. and his ill treatment of the Pope, iii. 314; pro-
fecutes his accufation against the Pope after his death,
315.

Nogent, Guibert, Abbot of, his commentaries, iii. 88;
attacks the Schoolmen in xii cent. 93.

Nominalifts, who, and whence fo called, ii. 291 [b];
difpute between them and the Realists in xi cent. 467;
their chief, John the Sophift, 469; the ftate of their
difputes in xii cent. iii. 38, 39; which continue in
xiv cent. and the iffue, iii. 308; their ftate in xv
cent. 399.
Non-conformists, name given to the Puritans, iv. 389;
their hopes fruftrated under Charles II. v. 415; preca-
rious fituation under him, ib. flourish under William
III. 416; toleration act paffed under him, ib. and [b];
their state in England in xviii cent. vi. 33.
Non-jurors (high churchmen), their rife, and the occa-
fion in xvii cent. v. 417 and [22], 418 and [2]; their
notions, ib. and [*]; Dodwell's defence of them, and
by whom answered, 419 and [/]; principles in which
they differ from the established church of England, 420.
Norbert, a German nobleman, founds the monastic order
of Premontré in xii cent. iii. 71; filences the sect of
Tanquelmus, 119.
Normans, their fuccefsful invafions in ix cent. ii. 283;
form new settlements, 284; the fufferings of the Chris-
tians under them, ib. piracy efteemed among them,
ib. [k]; foftened by living amongst Christians, 285;
many converted in x cent. with their chief Rollo, 375;
flourishing ftate of learning among them in xi cent.
458.
Norway, Christianity propagated in x cent. ii. 381;
whether by Olaus, Fryguefon, or Suenon, 382 and

[u]; Guthebald the most eminent miffionary among
them, 383.

Notker, a monkish hiftorian in x cent. ii. 395.

Novatian, difturbs the peace of the church in iii cent. i.
308; his character, ibid. his severity to the lapsed un-
der the perfecution by Decius, 309; opposes Corne-
lius chofen Bishop of Rome, feparates from the church,
and is excommunicated, ibid.

Nuremberg, an account of the diet in xvi cent. iv. 61, 62;
peace between the Emperor Charles V. and Proteftants
at a fecond diet, 100; the terms, ibid. the effects,
ibid. the ratification of this peace in xvii cent. v. 114
and [y].

0.

OCCAM, William, renews the difpute between the Nomi-
nalists and Realifts, and ftrenuous advocate for the for-
mer, iii. 309; his philofophy forbidden, ibid. but pre-
⚫vails, 310; keen fatires against the Pope, 349; his
didactic writings, 363.

Ochin, a fuppofed infidel in xvi cent. iv. 159.

Ochinus, Bernardin, his opinions, iv. 435; embraces the
communion of the Antitrinitarians and Anabaptists in
Poland, where he dies, 436; faid to be a principal
member of the secret affemblies of Venice and Vicenza,
495, 496 and [m].

Odenfee, the famous edict at, in xvi cent. iv. 83 and [t].
Odilo, of Clugni, his works, ii. 416 and [s]; adds All
Souls to the festivals in x cent. 428.

Odo, Abbot of Clugni, his attempts to reform the monks,
ii. 412; his new difcipline adopted in all the European
convents, ibid. character, 414; his moral obfervations
on Job, a tranfcript only from a like work of Gregory
the Great, 423.

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Bishop of Cambray, reftores the fcience of logic,
ii. 467.
Oecolampadius, refumes the difpute concerning the Eucha-
rift with Luther, and character, iv. 363 and [x]; his
expofitions of Scripture, 425.

Oeconomical

Oeconomical method of disputing introduced in ii cent. i,
190; its nature, ib. [x]; almost universally adopted,
and to what owing, 281 and [7].

Oecumenical council, first established in iv cent. i. 348.
Oecumenius, his chain, ii. 414 and [k].

Ogilby, his remarkable embaffy to the King of Spain from
James I. of England, v. 390, fub not. [z].

Olaus, King of Norway, converted to Christianity, ii.
382; is fainted, ib. establishes the gofpel, and by what
methods, ib. [u].

Olive, Jean Pierre de, famous Francifcan in xiii cent. ex-
cites new diffenfions in the order, iii. 215 and [b]; the
corruptions of the church of Rome, the chief object of
his cenfure, 216; his fanaticifm, ib. warmth against
the Popes for maintaining the renunciation of property,
217 and [ƒ].

344.

Olympia, Donna, her illicit commerce with Pope Inno-
cent X. v. 100 and [e].
Olympiodorus, a Platonic philofopher in iv cent. i.
Ophites, a fect of ridiculous Heretics in ii cent. i. 233;
divided into Chriftian and Antichriftian, 234; their
tenets, whence they had their name, ib.

Optatus, his work against the Donatifts, and character,
i. 363 and [m].

Oratory, priests of the, founded in xvi cent. iv. 204; their
name, whence, ib.

Order, its meaning when applied to Monks, ii. 413 [b].
Orders, ecclefiaftical, their great vices in xii cent. iii. 64
and [d].

religious, new in xiv cent. what, iii. 354; new
in xv cent. what, 437-

monaftic, their state in xvii cent. v. 165; refor-
mations made, and hence two claffes, 166 [t, u]; new,
founded in xvii cent. 172.

Orefme, Nicholas, his French tranflation of Ariftotle in
xiv cent. iii. 308 and [w].

Origen, his zeal in spreading copies of the Gofpel, i.
245; character, 270 and [x]; erroneous method of
explaining Chriftian truths by the Platonic philofo-
phy, 273; the abuse of it by his followers, 274; his
Hexapla, fragments of it, 276 and [f]; allegorical
method of interpreting Scripture, cenfured, 277; ne-

glects

glects the outward letter of it, and confines his ftudy to the hidden sense of it, ib. his fubdivifions of this myftical world, 278 and [g, b]; method followed by other interpreters, ib. his Stromata and principles, 279; moral works, 280; rigorous measures by Demetrius, Bishop of Alexandria, in two councils against him, 287; his book of Principles contains dangerous opinions, 288 and [t]; his depravation and degradation variously received, ib. and [u]; confutes the Arabian philosophers, 308; controverfies concerning him in iv cent. 389; troubles in the Eaft, on account of his writings, 391; his method of interpret ing Scripture followed by many, ii. 42. 115; controverfies concerning him renewed in vi cent. 132; con demned by Juftinian, and his doctrine ordered to be fuppreffed, ib. and [k, ]; condemned with his fol lowers in the fifth general council at Conftantinople 135 and [r]; his doctrine adopted by the Quakers, v. 478.480.

Origenifm, difputes about, in v cent. ii. 52; melancholy effects of them to Chryfoftom, 53.

Origenifts, who, i. 392.

Orkneys, Christianity first propagated there in x cent. ii. 383. Orofius, obviates many objections against Christianity in his hiftory, ii. 13; his character, 35 and [p]. Ofiander, Andrew, his Harmonies of the Evangelifts, iv. 305; difputes excited by him in xvi cent. 3,6; his character and doctrine, ib. opposed by Stancarus, 338. Ofnabrug, peace of Westphalia concluded at, v. 112. Oftorod, Chriftopher, attempts to propagate Socinianism in Holland, iv. 516; is banished, and his books condemned to be burned, but not executed, ib. [n]. Oftrogoths, kingdom in Italy in v cent. and its duration,

ii. 2.

Otho the Great, his zeal for Chriftianity, ii. 383; ex

ceffive liberality to the clergy, and its unhappy effects, 384; obtains the Purple, and saluted with the title of Emperor by Pope John XII. 404, calls a council, and imprifons the perjured Pope, ib. his death and mi ferable confequences, 405; his edict, by which he and

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