and his fucceffors maintained their fupremacy over the Bishop and Church of Rome, 408, 409.

Otho, Bishop of Bamberg, converts the Pomeranians in xii cent. iii. 1, 2 and [a].

IV. Emperor, depofed and excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. iii. 171.

P.

PACHYMERES, George, his works, iii. 237; a myftic writer in xiii cent. and his treatise on Dionyfius, 253. Pacific age, that time fo denominated when Chrift came into the world, i. 21.

Padua, Antony of, an expofitor of Scripture in xiii cent. iii. 246..

Paganism, remains of it in iv cent. although zealously oppofed by the Chriftian Emperors, i. 333; fome remains in vi cent. even among the learned, ii. 100.

Pagans, their deities were ancient heroes, &c. i. 25; pay worship to material and heavenly bodies, and this accounted for, 26 and [m]; the rites and facrifices they paid to thefe deities various, ibid. had stated times and places for this worship, 27; their mysteries infamous, 28; religion did not infpire its votaries with the love of virtue, ibid. why rejected, 29; promoted univerfal corruption, ibid. and [x]; the two arguments used by their crafty priests in defence of their religion, 30.

Pajon, Claude, attempts to modify the doctrine of the Reformed Church, v. 379; this affertion corrected, ibid. [u]; his fentiments mifrepresented by his adverfaries, 380, 381 and [y]; his own declaration, 302 and [x]; tenets condemned as heterodox, ibid. Paleologus, Jacob, maintains Budnæus's doctrine, and is burned at Rome, iv. 526.

Palamas, Gregory, Archbishop of Theffalonica, supports the doctrine of the Quietifts in xiv cent. iii. 373; and prevails in feveral councils at Conftantinople, 374 ; his notions concerning the divine operation, ibid. Palatinate, decline of the Proteftants in xvii cent. v. 355, 556 and [t].

Palestine,

Palestine, its two religions, the Jewish and Samaritan,
much corrupted among the people at our Saviour's
coming into the world, i. 41; divifion into various
fects among the learned, ibid. the decline of the Chri-
ftians here in xii cent. iii. 11.
Palladius, writes the Laufiac hiftory, and whence this
name, i. 360 and [e]; his miffion among the Scots
(Irish) not attended with defired fuccefs in v cent. ii.
9 and [9]; his works and character, 34.

Pandulph, Legate of Pope Innocent III. his artful and
infolent behaviour to John of England, iii. 174, 175.
Panormitanus, Antonius, revives Latin poetry in xv cent.
iii. 395.

Pantenus, is faid to convert the Indians in ii cent. and the
fact examined, i. 149; his verfion of the Scriptures
loft, 186.

Pantheifts, account of this impious fect, v. 66, 67 and
[u]; moft eminent members among them, ibid. [w],
68 [x, y].

Papal power, faved from ruin by the force of the fecular
arm and imperial edicts in xvi cent. iv. 97.

Papin, Ifaac, propagates the doctrine of Pajon, and re-
duces it to two propofitions, v. 382; refuted by Ju-
rieu, and condemned and excommunicated, 383; turns
Roman Catholic, ibid.

Paracelfiftic (fire) philofophy, its state in xvii cent. v. 78.
Paracelifts, eminent in xvi cent. iv. 300; aim at the sub-
verfion of the Peripatetic philofophy, ibid. get footing
in England and France, and other countries, with their
motives, 301 and [x].

Paracelfus, Theophraftus, a supposed Infidel, iv. 159; his
character as a philofopher, 165; founds the philofo-
phical fect of Theofophifts, ibid. makes great improve-
ments in chemistry, ibid. [9].

Paris, council affembled at, by Lewis the Meek, rejects
Pope Adrian's letter in favour of image-worship, ii.
262.

frequented in xii cent. for its eminent divines, iii.
88; various fects of divines here, 89; the firft Eu-
ropean University founded at in xiii cent. and whence
this name, 152; fevere difcipline in it, 153; academy
of fciences flourishes in xvii cent. v. 72.

Paris,

Paris, Matthew, an eminent hiftorian in xiii cent.
455.

William of, a metaphyfical divine in xiii cent. iii.

240.

John of, his great character, iii. 241 and [7].

Abbé de, pretended miracles wrought at his tomb,
v. 211 [n].

Parthenius, patriarch of Conftantinople in xvii cent. v.
250; opposes the pretenfions of Rome, which defifts
from further attempts, ibid.

Paruta, his errors, iv. 494 and [i]; a member of the
fecret affemblies at Venice and Vicenza, 495.

Pafaginians (circumcifed), name of a fect in xii cent. iii.
127; their great averfion to the church of Rome, ibid.
two diftinguishing tenets, 128.

Pafcal II. Pope, renews the difputes concerning investi
tures, iii. 43; imprisoned by the Emperor, 45; re-
figns the Ring and Crofier, ibid. breaks the conven-
tion with the Emperor, and excommunicates him, 46;
is condemned by a council at Rome, and dies, ibid.
and [6].

illuftrates the doctrine of Des Cartes, v. 181; ac-
count of his Provincial Letters, 192 [w]; a patron of
the Janfenifts, 208.

Paffau, pacific treaty with the Proteftants, iv.

of its principal articles, ibid. [d].

120;

fome

Paterinus, a common name given to all Heretics in xi
cent. ii. 404; origin of it, ibid. [r].

Paterius's expofition of the Old and New Teftament, a
compilation only from Gregory the Great, ii. 178 and
[y].

Patriarchs, the nature of their office explained, i. 179;
their creation, whence, 349; Bishop of Rome their
prince, 351; their number increased in v cent. ii. 25;
their privileges confidered, 26; not univerfally acknow-
ledged, ib. inconveniencies arifing from the patriarchal
government, ib. contefts with each other, and melan-
choly effects, 27, 28.

Patrick, converts the Irish in v cent. ii. 9; founds the
Archbishoprick of Armagh, ib. called the Apostle of
the Irish, from the fuccefs of his ministry, ib.
Patronage, the right of, its origin, i. 394.

Patropafians,

Patropaffians, who, and why fo called, i. 234.

Paul, called to be an Apostle by Chrift himself, i, 63; his extraordinary character, ib.

the first hermit, i. 275; if properly filed the founder of the Mystics, ib.

of Samofata, founder of a fect of heretics, i. 306; his errors about the Trinity, 307.

the Deacon, his fame and works in viii cent. ii. 248. II. Pope, his mixed character, iii. 430 and [p].

III. Pope, propofes to call a general council at Mantua, iv. 102; the place objected againft, and why, ib. and [1, m]; his proposals for a reformation more fpecious than real, 109 and [w]; difpute about his character, 192 [c].

IV. (Caraffa) Pope, his character and arrogance, iv. 192 and [e]; founder of the Theatins, 202.

(Borghefe) Pope, his character, v. 97; contest with the Venetians, 98; the occafion and important pieces on both fides, ib. [b].

(Vincent de), founder of the priests of the miflion in xvii cent. v. 174; is fainted, ib.

Paulicians, controverfy of the Greeks with them in vii cent. ii. 185; a fect in ix cent. 363; perfecuted by the Greek Emperors, and confequences, 364; their deplorable ftate under the Emprefs Theodora, 365; meet with protection from the Saracens, and under the command of Carbeas, carry on a bloody war against the Greeks, 366 and [p]; their doctrine propagated with fuccefs among the Bulgarians, ib. 367 and [9]; whether Manichæans or not, confidered, ib. their opinion in fix articles, 368 and [x], 370 and [y], 371, [*]; miferable state under the Greeks in xi cent. 577; take refuge in Europe, 578; their reformation attempted, and warmly pursued by the Emperor Alexius, ib. where first fettled, 579 and [o]; different names, 580 [p], ib. and [q, r]; their firft affembly at Orleans, with their abettors, 581; having rejected lenient methods used for their conviction, are condemned to be burned alive, ib. their principles feem to be mystic, 582 and []; another branch converted by Gerhard, and particular tenets, 583; and why adopted by fome, $85. VOL. VI.

A a

Paulinus,

Paulinus, of Aquileia, his character and works, ii. 247.
Bishop of Nola, his works, i. 363.

Peasants, their horrid war in xvi cent. and the occafion,
iv. 64 and [b]; their claims made religious by Mun-
zer, with their different demands, 65; their outrages
not chargeable on Luther's doctrine, 66; defeated at
Mulhaufen, and their ringleader Munzer put to death,
67.

Peckham, John de, a metaphyfical divine in xiii cent. iii.

240.

Pelagianifm, its rife in v cent. ii. 86.

Pelagians, their tenets, ii. 87 and [a]; fuppreffed by Au-
guftin's writings, 88; progrefs of their opinions in the
eaft, ib. condemned in Gaul, England, and Africa,

90.

Pelagins, account of him, ii. 86; his character unfairly re-
prefented by Jerome, ib. [x]; and impartially stated by
Auguftin, 87; appeals to the court of Rome, 89 and
[d]; condemned there by Zofimus, ib.

Pelican, a writer in xvi cent. iv. 438.

Penance, which had been long neglected, is reftored in vii
cent. by Theodore of Tarfus, ii. 181, 182 and [c].
Penitents, first allowed private confeffion by Leo the
Great, ii. 57-

Penn, William, procures a toleration for the Quakers un-
der James II. and account of, v. 473 and [r]; fettles
the Quakers in Pennfylvania, which was granted him
by Charles II. and fo named from him, 474; his cha-
racter, ib. and []; flourishing state of Pennfylvania,
475; endeavours to digeft Quakerifm into a regular
form, 478; his writings, 479 fub. not. [6].

Pennafort, Raymond de, his decretals, and the fame ac-
quired by them in xiii cent. iii. 163; his polemic works
against the Jews and Saracens, 256; is fainted in xvii

cent. v. 242.

Pennfylvania, province of America, Quakers established
there, and whence its name, v. 474, 475.

People, their right of chufing their rulers and teachers in
the primitive church, i. 99; .feem to have purchafed
this right by their oblations, 100.

Pepin, ufurps the crown of France in viii cent. ii. 229;
is fupported by Pope Zachary, 230 and [9]; anointed

and