are divided in like manner, but this money is nearly six times smaller in value than the former. The divisions are similar at Leghorn and at Venice. They exchange by the ducat, piastre, or dollar, at from 52 to 54d. per ducat, and from 45d. to 54d. per piastre, London giving the variable or uncertain, and Italy the certain price. Examples. 95. Reduce 2648 pezza, 10 soldi, 6 denari to British sterl. exchange at 50 d. sterling per pezza, 96. Reduce 4651 17s. 6d. British to pezza, &c. exchange at 50d. sterling per pezza? 2236 4 4 0 Answer, 2236pez. 4s. Od. 97. Reduce 974 pezza of Genoa to British sterling, at 53d. sterling per pezza. ༣ 98. Reduce 7531 12s. 6d. British to pezza of Genoa exchange, at 474d per pezza? 99. Reduce 4107 4s. 8d. British to pezza, &c. of Leghorn, exchange at 494d. per pezza? 100. Reduce 4628 pezza, 17 soldi, 8 denari of Leghorn, to British money, exchange at 504d. per pezza ? 101. Reduce 2407 12s. 6d. to lira of Venice, exchange at 47d. sterling per lira ? 102. Reduce 1993 lira, 14 soldi, 8 denari of Venice to British money, at 451d sterling per lira? 103. Reduce 2947 6s. 8d. British to lira of Venice, exchange at 46d sterling, per lira ? WEST INDIES AND BRITISH POSSESSIONS IN AMERICA. Accounts are kept, as in Britain and Ireland, in pounds, shillings and pence, but on account of the scarcity of coins; and the use of paper-money instead of them, are of much smaller value than pounds British. Exchanges are made similar to that between Great Britain and Ireland, but the course of exchange is from 40 to 80 per cent, in favour of Britain, London giving the certain, and America the variable price. Examples. 104. How much English money is equivalent to 14507 currency, exchange at 50 per cent ? 105. Reduce 8957 12s. 6d. American currency to British money, exchange at 70 per cent ? Reduce 1173 6s. 8d. British to American currency, at 64 per cent? 106. Reduce 4751 10s. British to American currency, at 61 per cent? 107. Reduce 14321 6s. 8d. American currency to British sterling, at 48 per cent? ENGLAND AND THE UNITED STATES. Accounts are kept in dollars, dimes and cents. Their smallest piece of money is a cent, value There are also half and quarter dollars, are in the same decimal proportion, 10 Half Dollars..... 10 Quarter Dollars.... d. 1 Dime. 1 Dollar. 1 Eagle. and eagles, which 1 Half Eagle. The operations of exchange are similar to those between London and Portugal. The par of exchange is 4s. 6d. British per dollar, which is 88. New-York currency, but the course of exchange varies according to circumstances. Examples. 108. Reduce 4164 dollars, 15 cents to British money, at 48. 74d. per dollar? 14614,15 at 4s. 7d. 40922,83 6 =115,35375 1067,0221875 £1067 0 5 109. Reduce 4751 12s. 6d, British to dollars and cents, at 4s. 7d. per dollar? 110. Reduce 14157 6s. 8d. British to dollars and cents, at 4s. 6d. sterling per dollar? 111. Reduce 6417 dollars, 64 cents to British, exchange at 4s. 74d per dollar? 112. Reduce 4157 12s. Od. Irish to dollars and cents, exchange between England and Ireland at 8 per cent, and between England and America, at 4s. 6d. per dollar? d half-pence 8 4 6 109 and 415 12 = 199488 halfp. 108 109: 199488 × 100 :: 1 dollar 199488 X 200 :: 1 dollar 200 23653)39897600(1686,79 nearly. 162446 205280 160560 186420 208490 113. Reduce 1741 dollars, 36 cents to Irish money, exchange between England and Ireland at 84 per cent, and between England and America at 4s. 74d. per dollar? 114. Reduce 8611 8s. 4d. Irish to dollars and cents, exchange between England and Ireland, at 10 per cent, and between England and America, at 4s 54d. per dollar? 115. Reduce 7550 dollars, 50 cents to Irish money, exchange between England and Ireland, at 104 per cent, and between England and America, at 4s. 64d. per dollar? ARBITRATION OF EXCHANGE. Arbitration of Exchange is a method of finding a proportionate rate of exchange between any two places, or of valuing any sum of the money of one place in that of another, when the course or courses of exchange between two or more places, is or are given. By comparing the par of exchange thus found, with the present course of exchange, a person is enabled to find which way to draw bills or remit them to the most advantage.-Questions of this kind are performed by the Rule of Proportion. Arbitration of exchanges are simple or compound. Simple Arbitration is when the exchange between two or three places only are considered. Example. 116. When the exchange between England and Ireland is 84 per cent, and between England and Amsterdam at 36s. 3d. Flemish, per pound sterling; what is the arbitrated course of exchange between Ireland and Amsterdam? 117. When the course of exchange between Paris and London is 23 francs, 98 cents for 17 British, and between England and Ireland, at 9 per cent; how ought the exchange to be rated between Ireland and France per pound Irish? 118. When the course of exchange between London and Lisbon is at 5s. 74d. per milree, and between England and Ireland, at 10 per cent; how much is the value of a milree in Ireland? 119. When I must pay 2871 8s. 9d. Irish, for a bill on London for 2627 10s. Od. British, what is the course of exchange between England and Ireland? COMPOUND ARBITRATION. Compound Arbitration is when the exchange between four or more places is considered. Questions of this kind are performed by one analogy or more in the Rule of Proportion, but when more than 3 places are |