THE

COMPLETE ARITHMETIC.

CHAPTER I.

INTEGERS.

SECTION I.

DEFINITIONS.

1. Arithmetic is the science of numbers, and the art of computing by them.

As a science it treats of the principles, properties and relations of numbers. As an art it applies this science in computation.

2. A Unit is a single thing, as one.

3. A Number is one or more units.

A whole number; as, 1, 5, 10, etc., is called an Integer. 4. A Concrete Number is one applied to a particular unit; as, three men, six horses, 173 dollars.

5. An Abstract Number is one not applied to any particular unit; as, three, six, 173, 120.

6. Similar numbers have the same unit; as, 6 boys, 8 boys,

13 boys.

7. Dissimilar numbers have not the same unit; as,

8 horses, 13 sheep.

8. A Problem is a question to be solved.

9. A Principle is a general truth.

Principles are illustrated by the solution of problems, called

examples.