each box. How many pounds are there in all? Ans.280. 3. The price of one orange is 9 cents: how many cents will five oranges come to, at the same price? Ans. 45. 4. There are 12 pence in one shilling. How many pence are there in 40 shillings? Ans. 480. ADDITION AND MULTIPLICATION. 1. Multiply 25 by 10, and 36 by 14, and 124 by 45. Add the several products and tell their amount. Ans. 6334. 2. There are 10 bags of coffee weighing each 120 pounds; and 12 bags weighing each 135 pounds. What is the weight of the whole? Ans. 2820 pounds. 3. A merchant bought five pieces of linen containing 25 yards each, and 2 pieces containing 24 yards each, and 1 piece containing 26 yards. How many yards were there in the whole? Ans. 199. SUBTRACTION AND MULTIPLICATION. 1. Multiply 342 by 22, and from the product subtract Facit 7124. 400. 2. There are 15 bags of coffee, each of which weighs 112 pounds. The bags which contain the coffee weigh 22 pounds. How much would the coffee weigh without the bags? Ans. 1658 pounds. 3. There are 12 chests of tea, each of which weighs 96 pounds. The chests which contain the tea weigh each 20 pounds. What would the tea weigh without the chests? Ans. 912 pounds. DIVISION. By division we ascertain how often one number is contained in another. The number to be divided is called the dividend. The number of times the dividend contains the divisor is called the quotient.. If, on dividing a number, there be any overplus, it is called the remainder. The dividual is a partial dividend, or so many of the dividend figures as are taken to be divided at one time, and which produce one quotient figure. When the divisor does not exceed 12, work by RULE I. * See how often the divisor is contained in the first left hand figure or figures of the dividend. If it be contained an exact number of times, set down that number; and then see how often it is contained in the next figure. But if it be contained any number of times with a remainder, set down the number of times, and conceive the remainder to be prefixed to the next figure; then see how often the divisor is contained in these, and proceed as before till the whole is divided. PROOF. Multiply the quotient by the divisor, and to their product add the remainder (if any) and the result will be equal to the dividend. The multiplication table shows how often any number, not exceeding 12, is contained in any other number not exceeding 144; as that 4 is contained in 12 three times, because 3 times 4 are 12; 10 is ontained 115 eleven times with 5 over; because 11 times 10 are 110, which, with 5, make 115. When the divisor exceeds 12, work by RULE II. or LONG DIVISION. Take for the first dividual as few of the left hand figures of the dividend as will contain the divisor, try how often they will contain it, and set the number of times on the right of the dividend-multiply the divisor by this number-subtract its product from the dividual, and to the remainder affix the next figure of the dividend, to form a second dividual: or if this be not sufficient, set a cypher on the right of the dividend, and affix the next figure, and so on, till a sufficient number of figures are affixed-try how often the divisor is contained in this second dividual, and proceed as before. Continue this process till all the dividend figures are employed as above directed; or till the number they form, when affixed to a remainder, is not large enough to contain the divisor. When the work is done, the figures on the right of the dividend form the quotient. Note 1. Cyphers on the right of the divisor may be omitted in the operation, observing to separate as many figures from the right of the dividend, which annex to the remainder. EXAMPLES. 1. Divide 146340 by 5400. Facit 27, remainder 540. 54100)1463140(27 Note 2. When the divisor is the exact product of any two factors in the multiplication table, the division may be performed thus.-Divide first by one of the factors agreeably to rule 1; then divide the quotient by the other factor in the same manner. When a remainder occurs in the first operation and none in the last, it is the true one: but a remainder in the last operation must be multiplied by the first divisor, and its product added to the first remainder (if any) for the true remainder. EXAMPLES. 1 Divide 46508974 by 96. Facit 484468. Rem. 46 8)46508974 12)5813621-6 first remainder. 1. As division is a short method of discovering how often one number is contained in another, how often is 3 contained in 3699? Ans. 1233 times. 2. How many times is 25 contained in 132? Ans. 5 times with 7 over. How many Ans. 40. 3. There are 12 pence in one shilling. shillings are there in 480 pence ? 4. The price of a pair of shoes is 2 dollars. How many pair may be had for 56 dollars? Ans. 28. 5. Fifty-four apples are to be divided, equally, between two boys. How many must each boy have? Ans. 27. 6. Suppose a man travel 40 miles a day: how many days will he be in travelling 240 miles? ADDITION AND DIVISION. Ans. 6. 1.If I add 167,394, and 447; and divide their amount by 12: what number will result? Ans. 84. 2. A person has in money, 5000 dollars; in bankstock, 3500 dollars; and in merchandise, 12500 dollars. He intends to divide this property, equally, among his 3 sons. What will be the share of each son Ans. 7000 dollars. 3. Suppose a farmer, who has a plantation of 520 acres, buys an adjoining one of 375 acres, and divides the whole into five equal portions: how many acres will there be in each portion? Ans. 179. SUBTRACTION AND DIVISION. 1. Subtract 2468 from 5796, and divide the remainder by 26. Result 128. 2. William bought 12 pears: he kept 6 of them, and divided the rest between his two sisters. did each sister receive? How many Ans. 3. 3. A man, at his decease, left property, amounting to 12426 pounds. He directed in his will that 1000 pounds should be given to his niece; and that the re |