All the definitions and rules contained in these grammars are clearly and simply explained. The text matter is progressively arranged in a way calculated to interest and encourage the student. Many obsolete and complicated rules so often found in other works of this class, and which tend only to bewilder and weary the beginner, have been removed altogether. Others, which it has been found necessary to retain, have been thoroughly revised and fully elucidated, so as to present them in a more attractive manner. Many of these manuals have already gone through several editions, the new issues being carefully revised from time to time and brought up to date. The prevalent idea in all these volumes is that of teaching the languages easily and pleasantly, of removing all unnecessary difficulties, and, at the same time, of imparting a sound grammatical and conversational knowledge of foreign tongues. FIRST COURSE. The Pronunciation. 1. The Alphabet. The Swedish Alphabet consists of the 28 following letters, which are generally printed in the Roman characters: The Swedish language has almost no accent. At least it cannot be acquired except by the ear. In foreign words the accent is in conformity with the lanquage from which the word is derived, and is very audible and emphatic. Lenström's Swedish Grammar. 1 3. The Vowels. The vowels a, i, o, u, y, å, d always retain the same sound as in German, and ở in most instances. E d, and o have two sounds. All vowels are long () as well as short (~) as: A like the pure Italian a when long, less open when short: kall mat, cold food. lag, law. E long, is pronounced like a in the English word „lay" or like the French „été", as: rēnā mēděl, pure means. short, is pronounced like e in the word „bed“, as: hěm, home kněkt, soldier. It sounds like a in the English word "care" in the prefix er, and before rl, as: erfară, to experience pērlă, pearl erhållă, receive vērld, world (mute). 1 is pronounced like e in the English word "me": Ni (nee), you litěn flickă, little girl. O long, like Italian u or as the English oo in „stool": mōt fōtěn, against the foot. It sounds like a lengthened å, 1. before f, in the following words: of above skură, to clean 4. in many foreign words, as: lōrd, hōrd, krōnisk, katalōg, despōt, metafōr, etc. 0 short is pronounced like o, but it has the o sound of the English word "move"; 1. before a double consonant in the conjugation of Verbs, which end in the Infinitive in a long ō, as |