clared July 4th, 1776. How much time had elapsed on the 25th of Aug. 1845? 21. A note dated Oct. 2d, 1840, was paid Dec. 25th, 1843: how long was it from its date to its payment? 22. A ship sailed on a whaling voyage, Aug. 25th, 1840, and returned April 15th, 1844: how long was her voyage? MULTIPLICATION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS. Ex. 1. What will 5 yards of broadcloth cost, at £2, 3s. 6d. 3 far. per yard? Suggestion. If 1 yard costs £2, 3s. 6d. 3 far., 5 yards will cost 5 times as much. Operation. £ S. 2 3 1/ 6 10 " 17 9 3 5 3 Ans. Beginning with the lowest denomination, we say, 5 times 3 far. are 15 far.; now 15 far. are equal to 3d. and 3 far. over. Set the 3 far. under the denomination multiplied, and carry the 3d. to the next product. 5 times 6d. are 30d. and 3d. make 33d., equal to 2s. and 9d. Set the 9d. under the pence, and carry the 2s. to the next product. 5 times 3s. are 15s. and 2s. make 17s. As the product 17s. does not make one in the next denomination, we set it under the column multiplied. Finally, 5 times £2 are £10. The answer is £10, 17s. 9d. 3 far. 171. Hence, we deduce the following general RULE FOR MULTIPLYING COMPOUND NUMBERS. Multiply each denomination separately, beginning with the lowest, and divide each product by that number which it takes of the denomination multiplied, to make one of the QUEST.-171. Where do you begin to multiply a compound number? What is done with each product? Obs. When the multiplier is a composite number, how proceed? What is the process of multiplying different denominations, called? next higher; set down the remainder, and carry the quotient to the next product, as in addition of compound numbers. (Art. 168.) OBS. 1. When the multiplier is a composite number, it is advisable to multiply first by one factor and that product by the other. (Art. 57.) 2. The process of multiplying different denominations is called Compound Multiplication. 3. What will 5 horses cost, at £25, 10s. 6d. apiece? 4. A colony of 6 persons agreed to pay £31, 5s. 8d. apiece for their passage from Hamburg to New York: what was the expense of their passage? 5. What cost 9 yards of cloth, at 18s. 9 d. per yard? 6. What cost 6 pipes of wine, at £9, 7s. 84d. apiece? 7. What cost 8 cows, at £5, 10s. 6d. apiece? 8. In a solar year there are 365 days, 5 hrs. 48 min. 48 sec. how many days, hours, &c., has a person lived, who is 21 years old? 9. Bought 10 silver cups, each weighing 3 oz. 15 pwts. 10 grs. what is the weight of the whole? 10. What is the weight of 72 silver dollars, each weighing 17 pwts. 8 grs.? 11. Bought 7 loads of hay, each weighing 1 T. 3 cwt. 3 qrs. 12 lbs.: what is the weight of the whole ? 12. What is the weight of 20 hogsheads of inolasses, each weighing 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 17 lbs. 10 oz.? 13. A man bought 9 oxen, weighing 1123 lbs. 15 oz. apiece what was the weight of the whole? 14. A grocer bought 11 casks of brandy, each containing 54 gals. 3 qts. 1 pt. 2 gills: how much did they all contain ? 15. If a stage-coach goes at the rate of 5 m. 2 fur. 30 r. per hour, how far will it go in 10 hours? 16. If a Railroad car goes 21 m. 2 fur. 10 r. per hour, how far will it go in 10 hours? 17. Bought 12 pieces of broadcloth, each containing 27 yds. 1 qr. 2 na.: how many yards did all contain ? 18 If a man mows 3 A. 35 sq. r. per day, how many acres can he mow in 30 days? 19. How many square yards of plastering will a house which has 9 rooms require, allowing 75 yds. 18 ft. to a room? 20. A man bought 15 loads of wood, each containing 1 C. 33 ft. how many cords did he buy? 21. A miller constructed 7 cubical bins for grain, each containing 216 feet 152 in.: what was the contents of the whole? 22. If a ship sails 2° 25′ 10′′ per day, how far will she sail in 20 days? 23. Multiply 56°, 42' 11" by 32. 24. If a brewer sells 33 gals. 2 qts. 1 pt. of beer a day, how much will he sell in 24 days? 25. If a milk-man sells 40 gals. 3 qts. 1 pt. of milk per day, how much will he sell in 60 days? 26. What cost 82 tons of iron, at £4, 15s. 6d. per pound? 27. If 1 acre produce 33 bu. 2 pks. 5 qts. of wheat, how much will 100 acres produce? 28. If 1 suit of clothes requires 9 yds. 3 qrs. 2 na., how much will 500 suits require? 29. If 1 mile of Railroad require 60 T. 5 cwt. 9 lbs. of iron, how much will 50 miles require ? 30. How much wheat will it require to make 1000 barrels of flour, allowing 4 bu. 2 pks. 6 qts. to a barrel ? DIVISION OF COMPOUND NUMBERS. Ex. 1. Divide £17, 6s. 9d. by 4. Operation. £ S. d. far. 4)17 6 9 0 4 " 6 8 1 Ans. quotient 4 under the pounds, and reduce the remainder £1 to shillings, which added to the 6s., make 26s. 4 in 26s., 6 times and 2s. over.Set the quotient 6 under the shillings, and reduce the remainder 2s. to pence, which added to the 9d. make 33d. 4 in 33d., 8 times and 1d. over. Set the 8 under the pence, reduce the 1d. to farthings, and divide as before. Ans. £4, 6s. 8d. 1 far. 173. Hence, we deduce the following general RULE FOR DIVIDING COMPOUND NUMBERS. Begin with the highest denomination, and divide each separately. Reduce the remainder, if any, to the next lower denomination, to which add the number of that denomination contained in the given example, and divide the sum as before. Proceed in this manner through all the denominations. OBS. 1. Each partial quotient will be of the same denomination as that part of the dividend from which it arose. 2. When the divisor exceeds 12, and is a composite number, it is advisable to divide first by one factor and that quotient by the other. (Art. 78) If the divisor exceeds 12, but is not a composite number, long division may be employed. (Art. 77.) 3. The process of dividing different denominations is called Compound Division. QUEST.-173. Where do you begin to divide a compound number? What is done with the remainder? Obs. Of what denomination is each partial quotient? When the divisor is a composite number, how proceed? What is the process of dividing different denominations called?" 4. Divide £7, 8s. 2d. by 3. 5. Divide £35, 10s. 8d. 3 far. by 6. 6. Divide £42, 17s. 3d. 2 far. by 8. 7. A man bought 5 cows for £23, 16s. 8d.: how much did they cost apiece? 8. A merchant sold 10 rolls of carpeting for £62, 12s. 9d.: how much was that per roll? 9. Paid £25, 10s. 6d. for 12 yards of broadcloth: what was that per yard? 10. A silversmith melted up 2 lbs. 8 oz. 10 pwts. of silver, which he made into 6 spoons what was the weight of each? 11. The weight of 8 silver tankards is 10 lbs. 5 oz. 7 pwts. 6 grs. what is the weight of each? 12. If a family of 8 persons consume 85 lbs. 12 oz. of meat in a month, how much is that apiece? 13. A dairywoman packed 95 lbs. 8 oz. of butter in 10 boxes: how much did each box contain? 16. A tailor had 76 yds. 2 qrs. 3 na. of cloth, out of which he made 8 cloaks: how much did each cloak con |