The Quadrature of the Circle: The Square Root of Two, and the Right-angled Triangle

apothem arc cutting Archimedes ARTICLE assumed circumference assumed diameter Bisect chord circumscribed double triangle circumscribed polygon consequently cosine cumference curve decimal places deducted demonstration diagonal difference discovery division and cancellation double the number draw expressed extracting the square figures geometricians geometry give given arc given circle given polygon given radius given square given triangle half the number hyperbola hypothenuse hypothesis infinite inscribed and circumscribed inscribed double triangle inscribed polygon inscribed square James Gregory less limit mathematical mean proportional method multiplied number of sides parabola perimeter perpendicular Plate polygon of double problem PROPOSITION quadrature quantity radius rectangle contained regular polygon result already established right angle right line right-angled triangle Scholium secant sine solution square described square root square the circle straight line Substituting the numbers subtracted tangent theorem trigonometry true circumference true ratio truth unity variable