Addition of Tens and Units. How many splints are 37 splints and 28 splints ? added together are called addends. The number found by adding is called the sum. What are the addends in the example above? What is the sum? Subtraction of Tens and Units. From 42 splints take 29 splints. 4 tens and 2 units = 3 tens and 12 units. (3)(12) Minuend 4 2 Subtrahend 29 Remainder 13 To subtract 29 from 42 we write the less number beneath the greater, units under units, tens under tens. We first subtract the units, then the tens. As there are but 2 units to take the 9 units from, one of the 4 tens is put with the 2 units, making 12 units. 9 units from 12 units leaves 3 units. 2 tens from 3 tens leaves 1 ten. Ans. 13 splints. When a number is subtracted from another number, the larger number is called the minuend. The smaller number is called the subtrahend. The part of the minuend left after the subtrahend is taken away is the remainder. In the example above, what is the minuend? What is the subtrahend? What is the remainder? Add, beginning at the bottom; and to prove that your work is right, add each column a second time, beginning at the top. Subtract; and to prove that your work is right, add together the remainder and subtrahend. sum ought to equal the minuend. The Find the amounts of the following purchases: 6. Olives 354, dates 124, celery 264, apples 25¢. Find what would be left of one dollar after buying with it: 10. Squash 264, chops 354, coffee 384. 11. Lamb 13, chicken 564, oranges 184, currants 139. 12. Bananas 154, corn 174, steak 284, celery 174. 13. Lettuce 8, walnuts 184, mixed nuts 524, soap 194. 1. Five dozen buttonholes were worked for 90 cents; what was the price per dozen? What was the cost of working one buttonhole? 2. If it requires 9 men 10 days to take the census of a town, how many men will it require to do it in 1 day? How many days would it require for 1 man to do it? Here is the plan of a garden; each square represents 1 square rod: 1 5 2 3 4 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 3. On the first 4 rods were raised 2 bushels of early potatoes to a rod. If sold at $11⁄2 a bushel, how much did all bring? Later in the season there was raised upon the same ground, celery, which brought three times as much as the potatoes. How much did the celery bring? How much did both crops bring? 4. On each of the next four rods were planted 5 rows of early corn, 5 hills to a row; how many hills were there in 1 rod? in the 4 rods? If it took 2 hills to yield 1 dozen ears, how many dozen did all yield? For a second crop turnips were sown; each of the 4 rods yielded 4 bushels. How many bushels did all yield? If these sell at $1 per bushel, how much do they come to? The corn brings twice as much as the turnips; how much do both these crops bring? 5. Lettuce and cabbages were grown upon the remaining four rods, 24 dozen heads of lettuce to each square rod, and as many dozen heads of cabbage. How many dozen of each were produced? 6. If cabbages sell at 8 cents a head and lettuce at 3 cents, how much will a half dozen of each sell for? |