24. A truck gardener raised 15,000 bunches of celery. He sold of them at 12 cents a bunch; the remainder at 10 cents a bunch. How much did he receive for his crop of celery?

25. In a certain school of 54 pupils are girls. How many boys are in this school?

26. A carload of 28 western horses cost on an average $182.50 each. Find the cost of the carload.

27. If yd. of silk cost $2.00, what is the price of a yard? 28. For yd. of velvet $4.20 is paid. What price is this per yard?

29. For 11 yd. of velvet $6.00 is paid. this per yard?

What price is

30. Find the total number of yards in the following pieces of cloth: 252 yd., 783 yd., 565 yd., 46% yd., 657 yd., 38 yd.

31. At $24

32. At $37

each, find the cost of 17 tables.

each, find the cost of 24 tables.

33. A distance of 125 miles is covered by automobile in 4 hours. What is the average distance traveled per hour?

34. A turkey weighing 163 lb. is bought at 44 cents a pound. How much is paid for this turkey?

35. A man pays $426 for the rent of an apartment for one year. What does he pay a month?

36. A man pays $4 a week for the rent of a house. What does he pay a month? (52 weeks in a year.)

37. A roast of beef weighing 83 lb. is bought at 33¢ a pound. What is the cost?

38. At $1.86 a bushel, what is the value of a carload of 425 bushels of potatoes?

39. At $1.88 a bushel, what is the value of a carload of 760 bushels of wheat?

40. A carload of 850 bushels of corn costs $1088. What is the cost per bushel?

41. An Automobile Road Map gives the following distances:

(a) Find the distance from Boston to Pittsfield. (b) Find the distance from Boston to Albany. (c) Find the distance from Boston to Syracuse. (d) Find the distance from Boston to Buffalo. (e) Find the distance from Boston to Niagara Falls. (f) Find the distance from Boston to Utica. (g) Find the distance from Springfield to Syracuse. (h) Find the distance from Springfield to Buffalo. (i) Find the distance from Albany to Buffalo.

(j) Estimating the expense of operating an automobile at 8¢ per mile, find the cost of trips between cities named in (a) to (i). If an automobile carries 7 persons from Boston to Niagara Falls and each pays his share of the cost of running the car, how much should each one pay?

42. A carton containing 75 apples costs $3.00. What is the average cost of an apple? Before the grocer disposes of all these apples, are lost by decay. The apples are sold at 5 cents each. How much is gained?

43. A carton containing 50 apples costs $1.50. What is the cost of an apple? If of these decay and the remainder are sold at 5 cents each, how much is the profit?

44. At a ball park there are 40,000 people; travel by trolley cars. Estimating 125 persons per car, how many cars are needed to carry this crowd? At 5 cents each what is the total amount of fares collected?

45. If the rest of the crowd at the ball park travel by automobile and each automobile averages 4 people, how many automobiles are needed? At 25 cents each for parking these automobiles, how much is received?

46. A's salary for each of the last six years has been: $1800, $1900, $2340, $2484, $2628, $2772.

average yearly salary for this term of years.

Find his

47. The heights of each of 8 boys in a class are as follows: 5.9 ft., 5.8 ft., 5.8 ft., 5.7 ft., 5.4 ft., 5.0 ft., 4.9 ft., 4.7 ft. Find the average height.

What

48. The earnings of a company for 1915 were $41,117,487.28. This was $559,509.99 more than in 1914. were the earnings for 1914?

49. A company has 257 former employees on its pension roll. The average pension paid is $44 per month. How much is paid per month by this company in pensions? How much per year?

50. A company paid $111,384 to 138 dependents of its employees. What was the average amount paid to each dependent?

CHAPTER II

EQUATIONS-RATIOS

I. EQUATIONS

26. Equations. The following exercises, of which several are solved, will indicate sufficiently the methods to be used in solving simple equations.

EXERCISES

8 ounces, what do 6 base-bounces, what do 6 baseballs weigh?

9. A train travels at a rate of 35 miles an hour. What does 3 X 35 represent? What does 4 X 35 represent?

10. A train travels at a rate of m miles an hour.

What does 3 m represent?
What does 43 m represent?

11. Six National League baseballs weigh 54 ounces. What is the weight of one baseball?

SOLUTION. Six times the weight of one baseball = 54 ounces. If you let w stand for the weight of one baseball, you get 6 w = 54. The statement 6 w = 54 is an equation. To solve the equation 6 w = 54 means to find the value of w that multiplied by 6 gives 54. That value is 9, for 6 times 9 = 54.

Ans. The weight of one baseball

=

9 ounces. The two members (or sides) of an equation are like a pair of scales balanced. If you change the weight in one

scale pan, you must change the weight in the other scale pan by just the same amount, if the scales are to stay balanced. If you divide one member (or side) of an equation by 3, you must also divide the other member by 3.

12. A boy goes 18 miles on his bicycle in 3 hours; how many miles does he go in an hour?